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1、西北大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文蘋果渣發(fā)酵生產(chǎn)檸檬酸的工藝條件姓名:李文哲申請學(xué)位級別:碩士專業(yè):精細化工指導(dǎo)教師:宋紀蓉2000.5.1爹0342927論文題目:蘋果渣發(fā)酵生產(chǎn)檸檬酸的工藝條件精細化工專業(yè)研究生:李文哲指導(dǎo)教師:宋紀蓉摘要作者研究了蘋果廢渣固體發(fā)酵生產(chǎn)檸檬酸的工藝條件((包括溫度、時間、底物濃度、裝料率、黑曲霉接種量、甲醇添加量、pH初值彤篩選出了適合果渣發(fā)酵的菌種,并繪制出了36"C和30"C下的發(fā)酵曲線。采用了纖維素酶對蘋果渣中的纖維素降解為可發(fā)酵糖,并對其工藝條件進行了研究“包括溫度、時間、底物濃度、酶用量、堿處理蹭在此基礎(chǔ)上進行了果渣液體搖瓶發(fā)酵產(chǎn)檸檬酸
2、的實驗,并討論了搖床轉(zhuǎn)速、氦源的添加種類和添加量對發(fā)酵的影響,做出了液體發(fā)酵曲線。進行了固體發(fā)酵的初步放大實驗,提取純化后的產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量符合國標食品添加劑檸檬酸的標準GBl987.1986。侯驗結(jié)果表明,蘋果渣固體發(fā)酵的最適宜條件是36℃下,不添加甲醇,pH初值為6.0,底物含水量70%,裝料率11.4%,接種量4×104個/克底物,發(fā)酵3天后,檸檬酸濃度可達6.4%,產(chǎn)率為93.7%(以可發(fā)酵還原糖計)。纖維素酶酶解果渣成糖的適宜條件是:50℃,pH值為5.0,酶添加量20tJ/克底物,酶解時間為12h以上,產(chǎn)糖效果較好。底物濃度在實驗所選范圍內(nèi)對蘋果渣纖維素的降解無影
3、響。液體發(fā)酵的最適宜搖床轉(zhuǎn)速為210r/rain,添加氮源的最適宜種類為NH4C1,最適宜添加量為0.3%。檸檬酸產(chǎn)率達80%左右。y關(guān)鍵詞:蘋果渣;黑曲霉;纖維素酶;發(fā)酵;檸檬酸AbstractBasedonexperiments,wehavestudiedouttheoptimumconditionsofcitricacidproducedbyculturingAspergillusnigeronapplepomaceduringsolidsubstratefermentation:at36。C,3d,pH=6.0,keeptheconcentrationofwa
4、terinsubstrateat70%,theweightofthesubstratecontainedintheflaskis“.4%.theinoculumsizeofAspergillusnigeris4X104sporespergramsubstrate,anddonotaddmethanolduringthefermentation.Wealsoselectedoutastraintoproducethehi【ghestamountofcitricacidinthreestrainsofAspergillusniger,anddrewthefermentct
5、krveat30and36"C.Afterfermentation.theconcentrationofthecitricacidcanreach6.4%andcangiveayieldof93.7%.Theoptimumconditionsoftheapplepomacetreatedbycellulasetoproduceglucosehavealsobeendiscussedbyexperiments.Theresultsshowthattheoptimumconditionsare:50℃,p}I_5.0,cellulaseconcentration20u/g
6、medium,reactfor12handdonottreattheapplepomacewithalkali.Intherangeofthereactingtimeweadopted,theinfluenceoftheconcentrationofthecellulosecarlbeignored.Onthisbasis,wehavestudiedouttheoptimumtechniqueofcitricacidproductionon1iquidsubstrate:therotationrateoftheflaskiS210r/min,added0.3%NH4C
7、1inthesubstrate.Theyieldofcitricacidcouldreach80%afterfermentation.Moreover,theproductiontechniqueWasinitiallyenlarged.Thecitricacidhavebeenextractedandpurifiedfromthesubstrate.ItCanbeuseasfoodadditiveandthequalityofitaccordwithGBl987—1986.Liwenzhe(finechemicalengineering)Direc