資源描述：
《英漢對比翻譯》由會員上傳分享，免費在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容在教育資源-天天文庫。
1、LECTURE1Part1NativeLanguageTransferinFLLearning:InterferenceorFacilitation?外語學(xué)習(xí)中的母語遷移：干擾還是促進？Therearetwotypesoftransfer:NegativeTransferandPositiveTransfer.KeenawarenessofthesimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweenthetwolanguagescanfacilitateFLlearning.ThecausesofInterferenceinNeg
2、ativeTransfer:·analogicaluseofone’spriorknowledgeofthemothertongue母語先知結(jié)構(gòu)的類推運用·scantyknowledgeofdifferencesbetweenthetwolanguages對兩種語言的差異所知甚少·unconsciousfallingbackonthemothertonguespeechhabit不自覺地回歸母語的言語習(xí)慣ExamplesofNegativeTransfer:①Phonologicaltransfer(語音遷移)Thesound/n/doesn
3、otexistinsomeChinesedialectsand/l/servesasasubstitute.Thewriterlikeswritingatlight(night).②Morphologicaltransfer（詞形遷移）NeithernounsnorverbshaveinflectionsinChinese.Heonlyeattwomealaday.③Collocationtransfer(搭配遷移)Thenounrenkou,theChineseequivalentof‘population’,canhaveanumeric
4、alpre-modifier.Shanghaiissaidtohavethirteenmillionpopulation.④Syntacticaltransfer(句型遷移)Theverbjianyi,theChineseequivalentof‘suggest’,canbeusedinVOCpatterninChinese.Hesuggestedmetoacceptthisoffer.⑤Pragmatictransfer(語用遷移)ThenegativereplytoacomplimentisconsideredinChineseasmod
5、estandcourteous.--YourEnglishiswonderful.--No,no.MyEnglishisstillpoor.PartTwoAContrastiveStudyofEnglishandChinese英漢語對比研究ContrastBetweenEnglishandChineseChinese:·Meaning-focusedwithemphasisonimplicitcoherence(隱性連貫)·left-extending,heavy-headedlikealion·movingpointofsight·bamb
6、oo-likesentencestructurewithdifferentsectionslinkedandyetseparated（竹式結(jié)構(gòu)）·Topic-CommentSentenceStructure·Orderoflinguisticelements:relativelyfixedlikebamboo-making（制竹）（語序相對固定）English:·Form-focusedwithemphasisonexplicitcohesion（顯性聯(lián)接）·English:right-extendingheavy-tailedlikeape
7、acockfixedpointofsight·tree-likesentencestructurewithdifferentpartsconnectedlikebranchesandsub-branchestothetrunkline.（樹式結(jié)構(gòu)）·Subject-PredicateSentenceStructure·Orderoflinguisticelements:relativelyflexiblelikeblock-building（積木）（語序相對靈活）Example:Chinese:bamboo-likesentencestruc
8、ture（竹式結(jié)構(gòu)）Thechunksofasentenceseemtobeconnectedandyetseparated,likesectionsofabamb
