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1、1)Introduction2)PrototypesandCategoriesWeek1and2DefiningcognitivelinguisticsThreemainapproachesofcognitivelinguisticsReferencesIntroductionCognitiveLinguisticsisthemostrapidlyexpandingschoolinmodernLinguistics.Itaimstocreateascientificapproachtothestudyoflanguage,incorporating
2、thetoolsofphilosophy,neuroscienceandcomputerscience.Cognitiveapproachestolanguagewereinitiallybasedonourexperienceoftheworldandthewayweperceiveandconceptualizeit(philosophicalthinkingaboutthemind).Bedistinguishedfroma‘logical’viewoflanguage.DefinitionofcognitivelinguisticsOurc
3、arhasbrokendownTraditionalExplanation—GrammaticalstructureModernExplanation—EstablishabodyofLogicalrulesforgeneratingthegrammaticalsentencesCognitiveExplanation—RepresentedbythreemainapproachesExperientialviewProminenceviewAttentionviewThreemainapproachesofcognitivelinguistics
4、Itsmainclaimisthatinsteadofpostulatinglogicalrulesandobjectivedefinitionsonthebasisoftheoreticalconsiderationsandintrospection,amorepracticalandempiricalpathshouldbepursued.Forexample,Asklanguageuserstodescribewhatisgoingonintheirmindswhentheyproduceandunderstandwordsandsenten
5、ces.(acar)ExperientialviewTheexperientialviewofwordsprovidesamuchricherandmorenaturaldescriptionoftheirmeanings.Cognitivelinguistsbelievethatoursharedexperienceoftheworldisalsostoredinoureverydaylanguageandcanthusbegleanedfromthewayweexpressourideas.Thetransferofourexperienceo
6、fwell-knownobjectsandeventsisevenmoreimportantwhereabstractcategorieslikeemotionsisinvolved.Forexample,Dadexploded.Theprominenceviewprovidesoneexplanationofhowtheinformationinaclauseisselectedandarranged.ForExampleThecarcrashedintothetree.Thetreewashitbythecar.ProminenceviewTh
7、isviewisbasedontheassumptionthatwhatweactuallyexpressreflectswhichpartsofaneventattractourattention.ForexampleThecarcrashedintotree.Analysingthesentenceintermsofattentionallocation,theattentionalviewexplainswhyonestageoftheeventisexpressedinthesentenceandwhyotherstagesarenot.A
8、ttentionalview辛斌.認(rèn)知語(yǔ)言學(xué)理論的發(fā)展、應(yīng)用及跨學(xué)科研究——第四屆全國(guó)認(rèn)知語(yǔ)言學(xué)研討會(huì)綜述[J].外語(yǔ)研究