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1、22RoadwayLightingFixedlightingofpublicwaysforbothvehiclesandpedestrianscancreateanighttimeenvironmentinwhichpeoplecanseecomfortablyandcanquicklyandaccuratelyidentifyobjectsontheroadwaybeingtraveled.Roadwaylightingcanimprovetrafficsafety,achieveefficienttrafficmovement,andp
2、romotethegeneraluseofthefacilityduringdarknessandunderawidevarietyofweatherconditions.Asasupplementtovehicularheadlightillumination,fixedlightingcanenablethemotoristtoseedetailsmoredistinctly,locatethemwithgreatercertainty,andreactsafelytoroadwayandtrafficconditionspresent
3、onorneartheroadwayfacility.Pedestriansmustbeabletoseewithsufficientdetailtoreadilynegotiatethepedestrianfacilityandrecognizethepresenceofotherpedestrians,vehicles,andobjectsintheirvicinity.Whenfixed-lightingprinciplesandtechniquesareproperlyapplied,thevisibilityprovidedont
4、hesepublicwayscanprovideeconomicandsocialbenefitstothepublic,including:òReductioninnighttimeaccidentsòAidtopoliceprotectionòFacilitationoftrafficflowòPromotionofbusinessandindustryduringnighttimehoursòInspirationforcommunityspiritandgrowthThischapterconsidersonlyfixedlight
5、ingforthedifferentkindsofpublicroads,pedestrianwalkwaysandbikewaysofaqualityconsideredappropriatetomodernrequirementsfornightuse.SeeChapter23,TransportationLighting,forinformationonvehicleheadlighting.CLASSIFICATIONDEFINITIONS1Roadway:PedestrianWalkwayandBikewayClassificat
6、ionsFreeway.Adividedmajorroadwaywithfullcontrolofaccessandwithnocrossingsatgrade.Thisdefinitionappliestotollaswellasnontollroadsasfollows:FreewayA.Roadwayswithvisualcomplexityandhightrafficvolumes.Usuallythistypeoffreewayisfoundinmajormetropolitanareasinornearthecentralcor
7、eandoperatesthroughmuchoftheearlyeveninghoursofdarknessatorneardesigncapacity.FreewayB.Allotherdividedroadwayswithfullcontrolofaccesswherelightingisneeded.Expressway.Adividedmajorroadwayforthroughtrafficwithpartialcontrolofaccessandgenerallywithinterchangesatmajorcrossroad
8、s.Expresswaysfornoncommercialtrafficwithinparkareasaregenerallyknownasparkways.Major.Thep
