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1、....正在消失的胡同文化資料一：Hutongs(simplifiedChinese:胡同;traditionalChinese:衚衕;pinyin:hútòng)areatypeofnarrowstreetsoralleys,mostcommonlyassociatedwithBeijing,China.InBeijing,hutongsarealleysformedbylinesofsiheyuan,traditionalcourtyardresidences.[1]Manyneighbourhoodswereformedb
2、yjoiningonesiheyuantoanothertoformahutong,andthenjoiningonehutongtoanother.Thewordhutongisalsousedtorefertosuchneighbourhoods.Sincethemid-20thcentury,thenumberofBeijinghutongshasdroppeddramaticallyastheyaredemolishedtomakewayfornewroadsandbuildings.Morerecently,someh
3、utongshavebeendesignatedasprotectedareasinanattempttopreservethisaspectofChineseculturalhistory.HistoricalhutongsAtypicalcourtyardofaHutong.OntherooftheownerkeepshispigeonsDuringChina’sdynasticperiod,emperorsplannedthecityofBeijingandarrangedtheresidentialareasaccord
4、ingtothesocialclassesoftheZhouDynasty(1027-256BC).Theterm"hutong",originallymeaning"waterwells",[2]appearedfirstduringtheYuanDynasty,anditisbelievedtobeatermofMongollanguageorigin.[2]IntheMingDynasty(early15thcentury)thecenterwastheForbiddenCity,surroundedinconcentri
5、ccirclesbytheInnerCityandOuterCity.Citizensofhighersocialstatuswerepermittedtoliveclosertothecenterofthecircles[citationneeded].Aristocratslivedtotheeastandwestoftheimperialpalace.Thelargesiheyuanofthese學習.參考....high-rankingofficialsandwealthymerchantsoftenfeaturedbe
6、autifullycarvedandpaintedroofbeamsandpillarsandcarefullylandscapedgardens.Thehutongstheyformedwereorderly,linedbyspacioushomesandwalledgardens.Fartherfromthepalace,andtoitsnorthandsouth,werethecommoners,merchants,artisans,andlaborers.Theirsiheyuanwerefarsmallerinscal
7、eandsimplerindesignanddecoration,andthehutongswerenarrower.[citationneeded]Nearlyallsiheyuanhadtheirmainbuildingsandgatesfacingsouthforbetterlighting;thusamajorityofhutongsrunfromeasttowest.Betweenthemainhutongs,manytinylanesrannorthandsouthforconvenientpassage.[cita
8、tionneeded]Historically,ahutongwasalsoonceusedasthelowestlevelofadministrativegeographicaldivisionswithinacityinancientChina,asinth
