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1、Rathke囊腫的MRI診斷與鑒別診斷【摘要】目的：分析Rathke囊腫的MRI表現(xiàn)，提高Rathke囊腫的MRI診斷和鑒別診斷水平。方法：搜集經臨床隨訪和手術病理診斷的12例Rathke囊腫患者的臨床和MRI資料,所有病例均行MRI平掃,其中11例同時進行MRI增強掃描，分析囊腫的具體位置、大小、形態(tài)、邊緣和MRI表現(xiàn)。結果：12例Rathke囊腫最大徑均小于10mm,位于鞍內10例，位于鞍上2例。囊腫邊緣光滑銳利，11例形態(tài)規(guī)則，1例呈分葉狀。MRI平掃上T1WI和T2WI呈多種不同信號組合,其中6例T1WI呈低信號和T2WI呈高信號，11例增強掃描后呈環(huán)形強化
2、1例，未見強化10例。12例均未見囊內結節(jié)或囊底沉淀物征象。結論：鞍內Rathke囊腫的MRI表現(xiàn)較具有診斷特征，鞍上型Rathke囊腫較少見且常需要與鞍區(qū)其他囊性病變鑒別?！娟P鍵詞】Rathke囊腫；MRI；診斷；鑒別診斷[Abstract]Objective：ToanalyzetheMRIfindingsofRathke'scleftcystandtoimprovethelevelofMRIdiagnosisanddifferentialdiagnosisinrathke?scleft?Method：TheclinicalandMRTdataof12patien
3、tswithRathkeJscleftcystprovedbyclinicalfollow-upandsurgicalpathologywerecollected.AllpatientsreceivedMRIplainscanningand11patientsreceivedcontrast一enhancedscanningatthesametime.Thelocation,size,shape,marginandMRTfindingsofRathke'scleftcystwereanalyzed.Result：Themaxima1diameterofthe12Ta
4、thke'scleftcystswaslessthan10mm.Therewere10cystsintheintrasellaand2cystsinthesuprasellar.Themarginsofallcystswereclear.11cystswereregularinshapeand1cystwaslobular?TherewerediversesignalsonT1WIandT2WI.ThelowsignalonT1WIandhighsignalonT2WIwereseenin6Rathke'scleftcysts.Afterenhancementsca
5、nin11patients,only1cystwasenhancedperipherallyandtheother10cystswerenotenhanced.TheintracysticnoduleandbottomsedimentdidnotappearinallRathke?scleftcysts.Conclusion：TheMRIappearaneeofintrasellarRathke'scleftcystsismorecharacteristicindiagnosis?However,thesuprasellarRathke'scleftcystisse
6、ldomseen,itoftenneedsdifferentialdiagnosisfromtheothercystic1esionsinthesei1arregion.【Keywords]Rathke'scleftcyst；MRI；Diagnosis；DifferentialdiagnosisFirst-author,saddress：YantianDistrictPeople'sHospitalofShenzhenCity,Shenzhen518081,Chinadoi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2015.32.024Rathke囊腫是一
7、種發(fā)生于鞍區(qū)的良性上皮性囊腫，又稱垂體囊腫、上皮樣囊腫和垂體膠樣囊腫等，在臨床和影像學表現(xiàn)上有時與鞍區(qū)蛛網(wǎng)膜囊腫、垂體瘤卒中、囊性顱咽管瘤和空蝶鞍等英他囊性病變相似而出現(xiàn)誤診,常需要進行鑒別診斷[1-5]o目前國內不同文獻報道中Rathke囊腫MRT表現(xiàn)的病例樣本大小不一，英MRI信號也表現(xiàn)多樣。本文搜集12例Rathke囊腫的臨床和MRI資料加以分析，結合文獻復習以提高Rathke囊腫的MRI診斷與鑒別診斷水平，現(xiàn)報道如下。1資料與方法1.1一般資料搜集經臨床隨訪和手術病理診斷的12例Rathke囊腫患者的臨床和MRI資料，其中男5例，女7例，年齡9?80歲，
