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1、DOI:10.13989/j.cnki.0517-6611.2007.02.022安徽農(nóng)業(yè)科學,JournalofAnhuiAgri.Sci.2007,35(2):368-370責任編輯姜麗責任校對左佳轉(zhuǎn)基因作物生產(chǎn)應用效果綜合分析與評價——以轉(zhuǎn)基因抗蟲棉為例1,21,22*13王貴彥,吳玉紅,梁衛(wèi)理,高旺盛,MichelFok(1.中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學農(nóng)學與生物技術(shù)學院,北京100094;2.河北農(nóng)業(yè)大學農(nóng)學院,河北保定071001;3.法國農(nóng)業(yè)研發(fā)國際合作中心,TA72/09,34398MontpellierCedex5,F(xiàn)rance)摘要在2002~2003年對河北主產(chǎn)棉區(qū)農(nóng)戶
2、調(diào)查和相關(guān)科研、推廣人員訪談的基礎(chǔ)上,運用農(nóng)業(yè)科學、經(jīng)濟學和社會學等多學科交叉的方法,從轉(zhuǎn)基因抗蟲棉應用的技術(shù)、經(jīng)濟、社會等多角度對農(nóng)戶采用該技術(shù)的應用效果進行了分析。結(jié)果表明:轉(zhuǎn)基因技術(shù)的應用效果與農(nóng)戶生產(chǎn)行為、認知等存在交互作用,農(nóng)戶表現(xiàn)出規(guī)避風險,追求利潤最大化的生產(chǎn)行為,但同時也存在生產(chǎn)管理和投入的盲目性;該技術(shù)的應用在一定程度上增加了農(nóng)戶來自農(nóng)業(yè)的經(jīng)營收入,但由于受多方面因素的影響,其在農(nóng)戶的生計系統(tǒng)呈現(xiàn)復雜的技術(shù)形態(tài);政府等相關(guān)部門應加強轉(zhuǎn)基因作物種子及生產(chǎn)應用過程的管理,并針對我國農(nóng)戶特有的小農(nóng)戶、小規(guī)模、多樣性和復雜性等特點采取針對性措施,最終以改善農(nóng)戶生計為
3、目的發(fā)展轉(zhuǎn)基因作物。關(guān)鍵詞轉(zhuǎn)基因作物;應用效果;技術(shù)評價中圖分類號Q343.1文獻標識碼A文章編號0517-6611(2007)02-00368-02AnalysisandEvaluationoftheImpactsofBtCottonattheHouseholdLevelWANGGui!yanetal(CollegeofAgronomyandBiotechnology,ChinaAgriculturalUniversity,Beijing100094)AbstractFarmersandextensionpersonnelinthemainareaofcottonprodu
4、ctionwereinterviewedinHebeiPronvinceintheyear2002and2003.Ourobjectivesweretoseethetechnical,economicandsociologicaleffectsontheapplicationofBtcottonbyanalyzingtheeffectsofapplicationofthetechnique.Anintegrativemethodwasusedinwhichamultidisciplinaryapproachwasemployedincludingagriculturalsci
5、ence,economicsandsociology.ThefollowingwereourfindingsandrecommendationstodeveloptransgeniccropinChina:Therewerereciprocalactionsbetweentheeffectsoftheapplicationoftransgeniccropsandthefarmers'productionconductsandcognitions.Farmerstriedtoavoidriskandpursuethelargestprofitswhentheyusedthete
6、chniqueforBtcotton,andshowedblindnessonthereinvestmentandmanagementinagriculturalproduction.Theincomefromcottonwastheprincipalsourceforfarmers.Thoughtheapplicationoftransgeniccottonincreasedfarmers'incomefromagriculture,thetransgenictechniquewasaffectedbysociology,economicandotherfactors,it
7、showedcomplextechniqueforminthesystemofthefarmers'livelihood.Seedsfortransgeniccropsandproductionprocedureneedtobewell-managedaccordingtotheapplicationofBtcotton.BasedonthecharacteristicsoffarmersinChinaincludingsmall-scale,large-diversityandhigh-complex