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1、本文主要對(duì)利用廢食用油制備生物柴油的預(yù)酯化一酯交換工藝進(jìn)行了研究。通過(guò)預(yù)酯化的單因素實(shí)驗(yàn),考察了乙醇用量、催化劑濃硫酸用量、反應(yīng)吋間及反應(yīng)溫度對(duì)酯化率的影響趨勢(shì)。通過(guò)酯交換的單兇素實(shí)驗(yàn),考察了乙醇用量、催化劑氮氧化鉀用量、反應(yīng)時(shí)間和反應(yīng)溫度對(duì)粗生物柴油產(chǎn)率的影響趨勢(shì),確定了利用廢食用油制備生物柴油的最佳工藝條件。預(yù)酯化的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,其最佳工藝條件為:乙醇用量為80mL>催化劑濃硫酸用量為lg、反應(yīng)時(shí)間為3h、反應(yīng)溫度為70°C。酯交換的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,其最佳工藝條件為:乙醇用量為60mL、催化劑氫氧化鉀用量lg、反
2、應(yīng)時(shí)間為40min、反應(yīng)溫度為70°C。在此條件下可使50mL廢食用汕的酸值由40.27mgKOH/g降到1.52mgKOH/g,粗生物柴油的產(chǎn)率可達(dá)到93.71%,達(dá)到了預(yù)期的效果。采用預(yù)酯化一酯交換工藝,利用廢食用油制備生物柴油,具有產(chǎn)率高、成木低的優(yōu)點(diǎn),在廢食用汕資源化方面前景廣闊。關(guān)鍵詞:廢食用油,生物柴油,預(yù)酯化,酯交換,酸值A(chǔ)bstractWastecookingoilareusedtoproducebiodieselsbypre-esterificationandtransesterification
3、havebeenstudiedinthisstudy.Throughsinglefactorexperimentofpre-esterification,ethanoldosage,catalystsulfuricaciddosage,reactiontemperatureandreactiontimeontheesterificationrateoftrendsisdetermined.Throughsinglefactorexperimentoftransesterification,ethanoldosage
4、,catalystpotassiumhydroxidedosage,reactiontemperatureandreactiontimeonthetheproductivityofcrudebiodieseloftrendswasdetermined,andidentifytheoptimumconditionsofwastecookingoilusedtoproducebiodiesels.Theexperimentalresultsofpre-esterificationshowthatthepre-ester
5、ificationoptimumconditions:ethanoljoinamountof80mL,catalystconcentratedsulfuricacidjoinamountof1g,thebestreactiontimeis3h,theoptimumreactiontemperatureis70°C.Theexperimentalresultsoftransesterificationshowthatthetransesterificationoptimumconditions:ethanoljoin
6、amountof60mL,catalystpotassiumhydroxidejoinamountof1g,thebestreactiontimewas40min,theoptimumreactiontemperatureis70°C.Underthiscondition,theacidvalueof50mLwastecookingoildeclinefrom40.27mgKOH/gto1.52mgKOH/g,crudebiodieselyieldupto93.71%,andreachedthedesiredgoa
7、l.Wastecookingoilareusedtoproducebiodieselsbypre-esterificationandtransesterificationwiththeadvantageofhighyieldandlowcost,inaspectofwastecookingoilresourceswithbroadprospects-Keywords:Wastecookingoil,Biodiesel,Pre-esterification,Transesterification,Acidvalue第
8、1章緒論11.1研究背景與意義11.2廢食用油概述11.2.1廢食用油的來(lái)源、11.2.2廢食用汕的危害21.2.3廢食用油的處理現(xiàn)狀31.3生物柴油概述4131生物柴汕的定義41.3.2生物柴油的特點(diǎn)41.3.3生物柴油的研究現(xiàn)狀51.4廢食用汕制備生物柴汕的方法51.4.1直接混合法61.4.2微乳化法61.4.3熱裂解法為61.4.4酯交換法61.4.