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1、TOEFL強(qiáng)化閱讀講義陳璐璐1第一章考試背景知識一.托福閱讀簡介?基本概況：長度700-800字,3篇文章(60分鐘,共36-42道題);4篇文章(80分鐘,48-56道題);每篇文章后有12-14題。?十種題型：?BasicInformationandInferencingquestions(11-13perset)1．細(xì)節(jié)題Factualinformationquestions(3-6perset)2．詞匯題Vocabularyquestions(3-5perset)3．排除列舉題NegativeFactualinformationquestio
2、ns(0-2perset)4．推理題Inferencequestions(0-2perset)5．修辭目的題RhetoricalPurposequestions(0-2perset)6．指代題Referencequestions(0-2perset)7．句子簡化SentenceSimplicationquestions(0-1perset)8．插入文本題InsertTextquestions(0-1perset）?ReadingtoLearnquestions(1perset)9．總結(jié)題(ProseSummary)10.配對題(Fillinatabl
3、e)?托福閱讀特色（一）固定出題背景Naturalandphysicalsciences30%1.AstronomyandAstrophysics2.Chemistry3.GeologyandGeosciences4.MarineSciencesandOceanography5.MeteorologyandAtmosphericScience6.Physics7.AgriculturalSciencesBiologicalSciences20%1.BiologicalandBiomedicalSciences2.Anatomy3.Biochemist
4、ry4.BotanyandPlantSciences25.Cellular,MolecularandStructuralBiology6.Ecology,EnvironmentalBiologyandEvolutionaryTheory7.Entomology8.Genetics,DevelopmentalBiologyandReproductiveBiology9.MarineBiology10.MicrobiologicalSciences11.Neuroscience12.Nutrition13.Paleontology14.ZoologyAr
5、tsandAmericanHistory20%1.AppliedArtsandDesign2.Architecture3.ArtandArtHistroy4.Film,TelevisionandVideo5.Music6.PerformingArtsSocialSciences10%1.CommunicationandMedia2.Economics3.Geography4.PoliticalScienceandInternationalAffairs5.Psychology6.SocialSciencesandSociology7.Anthropo
6、logy8.ArchaeologyHumanities10%1.History2.Humanities3.LanguageandLiterature4.LinguisticStudies5.PhilosophyandEthicsBiographyandOthers10%3（二）態(tài)度原則：同情弱者（少數(shù)民族、婦女、黑人、印第安人），排除帶有歧視、極端消極的選項(xiàng)TheUndergroundRailroadParagraph8:Thepeoplewhoworkedontherailroadwerebreakingthelaw.Althoughtheesca
7、penetworkwasneverassuccessfuloraswellorganizedasSouthernersthought,thefewthousandslaveswhomadetheirwaytofreedominthiswayeachyearhadasymbolicsignificanceoutofproportiontotheiractualnumbers.TheUndergroundRailroadcontinuedoperatinguntilslaveryintheUnitedStateswasfinallyabolishedin
8、1865.Itcanbeinferredfromparagraph8thattheauthormostlik
