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1、某淺灘航道整治課程設(shè)計(jì)學(xué)校:學(xué)院:專(zhuān)業(yè):姓名:學(xué)號(hào):指導(dǎo)老師:時(shí)間:2014年6月航道整治課程設(shè)計(jì)一、設(shè)計(jì)目的:消化和鞏固《航道整治》課程的基本理論和知識(shí),并加以綜合應(yīng)用。培養(yǎng)理論與實(shí)際相結(jié)合、分析和解決問(wèn)題的能力,初步掌握航道整治設(shè)計(jì)的基本內(nèi)容、步驟和方法。二、設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù):本課題系采用順直治段上的過(guò)渡段沙質(zhì)淺灘。淺灘的基本特點(diǎn)為:能滿足航深要求的上、下深槽寬而淺,且水深相差不大,曲率甚小,但經(jīng)多年觀察,深槽仍然變化不大,基本穩(wěn)定;上、下邊灘低坦,過(guò)渡段河面寬闊,水流分散。擬統(tǒng)一采取整治(筑壩)和疏浚相結(jié)合的工程措施進(jìn)行整治。其具體整治措施為:沿溪線布置挖槽,吸引水流,增加航深;兩岸用對(duì)口丁壩束
2、窄過(guò)渡段河面寬度,抬高邊灘,穩(wěn)固中、枯水河槽及其主流方向,加大流速,提高水流輸沙能力,確保挖槽穩(wěn)定。這個(gè)方案是根據(jù)課程設(shè)計(jì)的需要擬定的,不一定是最好的方案。三、設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容和步驟:3.1基本參數(shù)的確定3.1.1設(shè)計(jì)水位、最低通航水位的計(jì)算(1)計(jì)算1963年保證率為95%的水位值保證率為95%的水位,即在一年中出現(xiàn)大于該水位值的水位的概率為95%,則可知一年中出現(xiàn)小于該水位值的水位的概率為5%,那么一年中水位低于該水位值的天數(shù)為:天。由航道整治課程設(shè)計(jì)指導(dǎo)書(shū)中的1963年長(zhǎng)江上游某基站日平均水位表,根據(jù)所給資料按水位從42.19米到31.00米按20厘米分級(jí),從30.99米到30.00米按10厘米
3、分級(jí)的方法,統(tǒng)計(jì)出1963年長(zhǎng)江上游某基站日平均水位的各區(qū)間水位出現(xiàn)的次數(shù),其統(tǒng)計(jì)結(jié)果如下表年水位保證率曲線計(jì)算表水位平均值出現(xiàn)次數(shù)累計(jì)次數(shù)保證率(%)36.61-36.6736.6400036.41-36.6036.505110.00273972636.21-36.4036.305120.00547945236.01-36.2036.105130.00821917835.81-36.0035.905140.01095890435.61-35.8035.705040.01095890435.41-35.6035.505040.01095890419航道整治課程設(shè)計(jì)35.21-35.4035.3
4、05150.0136986335.01-35.2035.105270.01917808234.81-35.0034.905180.02191780834.61-34.8034.705190.02465753434.41-34.6034.5053120.03287671234.21-34.4034.3054160.04383561634.01-34.2034.1051170.04657534233.81-34.0033.9052190.05205479533.61-33.8033.7055240.06575342533.41-33.6033.5053270.07397260333.21-33.4
5、033.3054310.08493150733.01-33.2033.1057380.10410958932.81-33.0032.9056440.12054794532.61-32.8032.70511550.15068493232.41-32.6032.50515700.19178082232.21-32.4032.3058780.2136986332.01-32.2032.10511890.24383561631.81-32.0031.905111000.27397260331.61-31.8031.705181180.32328767131.41-31.6031.505191370.3
6、7534246631.21-31.4031.305161530.41917808231.01-31.2031.105261790.49041095930.91-31.0030.955181970.53972602730.81-30.9030.855162130.58356164430.71-30.8030.755192320.63561643830.61-30.7030.655212530.69315068530.51-30.6030.555132660.72876712330.41-30.5030.455242900.79452054830.31-30.4030.355503400.9315
7、0684930.21-30.3030.255133430.93972602730.11-30.2030.155123651然后繪制保證率水位曲線,如圖由此可知1963年保證率為95%的水位值為30.29m.19航道整治課程設(shè)計(jì)上游基站最枯水位和保證率95%水位年份最枯水位P=95%水位零點(diǎn)水位對(duì)應(yīng)95%水位年份最枯水位P=95%水位零點(diǎn)水位對(duì)應(yīng)95%水位195530.3930.400.581965