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1、GrammarandUsageDirectspeechandreportedspeechUnit1M4直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)直接引用別人的話叫直接引語(yǔ)，用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話叫間接引語(yǔ)。間接引語(yǔ)在多數(shù)情況下構(gòu)成賓語(yǔ)從句；直接引語(yǔ)前后加引號(hào)，間接引語(yǔ)不必加。直接引語(yǔ)：Shesaid,“Mybrother’snameisTom.”Heaskedme,“Wheredoyoulive?”間接引語(yǔ)：Shesaidthatherbrother’snamewasTom.HeaskedmewhereIlived.直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)的轉(zhuǎn)換在直
2、接引語(yǔ)向間接引語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)換的過(guò)程中，不僅要進(jìn)行句式上的轉(zhuǎn)換，而且常常要在時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人稱等方面做相應(yīng)的轉(zhuǎn)換。1、如何變?nèi)朔Q： 口訣：一隨主,二隨賓，第三人稱不更新1.She?said.?"My?brother?wants?to?goshopping?with?me.?”→She?said_____brotherwanted?to?goshopping?with___2.Shesaidtome,“Youplaybasketballbetterthanme.”→Shetoldmethat___playedbasketballbet
3、terthan____.3.Hesaid,“She?willcometohavealongholidaywithus.”→Hesaid?that_____wouldcometohavealongholidaywith_____.herherIhershethem2.若主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，直接引語(yǔ)變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)要調(diào)整時(shí)態(tài)。如下表：直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在時(shí)過(guò)去時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)不變將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)將來(lái)完成時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)完成時(shí)Hesaid
4、,“I’mapoliceman.”Hesaidthathewasapoliceman.2.Hesaid,“I’mplayingfootballnow.”Hesaidthathewasplayingfootballthen.3.Hesaid,“Ihavedonemyhomework.”Hesaidthathehaddonehishomework.4.Hesaid,“Isawafilmyesterday.”Hesaidthathehadseenafilmthedaybefore.5.Hesaid,“Ihadlearned3,
5、000Englishwordsbytheendoflastterm.Hesaidthathehadlearned3,000Englishwordsbytheendofthetermbefore.注意：以下幾種情況時(shí)態(tài)不變①直接引語(yǔ)是客觀真理。The?teachersaid"The?earth?moves?around?the?sun?.”→The?teacher?said?that?the?earth?moves?aroundthe?sun?earth.③直接引語(yǔ)中有具體的過(guò)去某年、某月、某日作狀語(yǔ)，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)
6、不變。如：Jack?said.?"I?was?born?on?April?2l,?1980."②直接引語(yǔ)是過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。Jack?said.?“IwasdoingcookingwhenTomcametoseeme”Jack?saidhewasdoingcokingwhenTomcametoseehim.→Jacksaid?he?was?born?on?April?21,?1980.3.指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞也要做調(diào)整。如下表：直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)指示代詞thisthesethatthose時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)nowtodayt
7、onightthenthatdaythatnightthisweeklastweekyesterdayfivedaysagotomorrownextweekthatweektheweekbeforethedaybeforefivedaysbeforethenextdaythenextweek地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)herethere動(dòng)詞comegoEx:Page9(1)was(2)wouldbe(3)hadread(4)that(5)would(6)hadbought(7)that(8)would(9)those(10)her4.若直接
8、引語(yǔ)為一般疑問(wèn)句，改為間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)要用陳述句語(yǔ)序，而且要加連詞if或whether。如：Sheaskedhermother,“CanIgoshoppingwithyou?”Sheaskedhermotherif/whethershecouldgoshoppingwithher.Heaskedme,“Willyouhav
