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1、J.gen.Virol.(1981),54,91-10291PrintedinGreatBritainAntigenicandBiologicalRelationshipsbetweenHumanCoronavirusOC43andNeonatalCalfDiarrhoeaCoronavirusByG.GERNA,*P.M.CEREDA,M.GRAZIAREVELLO,E.CATTANEO,M.BATTAGLIAANDMARIATORSELLINIGERNAVirusLaboratory,InstituteofInfectiousDiseases,UniversityofPavia,271
2、00Pavia,Italy(Accepted22December1980)SUMMARYMonospecificantiserawerepreparedinmicetohumancoronavirusOC43andneonatalcalfdiarrhoeacoronavirus(NCDCV)whichhadbeenpreviouslyadaptedtogrowthinsucklingmousebrain.Brainsuspensionfrominfectedsucklingmicewasusedasimmunogen.TheantigenicrelationshipbetweenOC43a
3、ndNCDCVwasstudiedbytheindirectimmunoperoxidaseantibodytechnique,bythehaemagglutination-inhibition(HI)testandanewinfectiouscentre-reductionneutralizationtest.Inmouseimmunesera,atwo-waycross-reactionbetweenOC43andNCDCVwasdetected.However,theantigenicrelationshipappearedtobecloserforinternal(asshownb
4、yimmunoperoxidasestaining)ascomparedtosurfaceantigens(asshownbyHIandneutralization).Inprimaryinfectionsofnaturalhoststherewasahighdegreeofcross-reactivitybetweenthetwocoronavirusstrainsforbothsurfaceandinternalantigens,andhomologousandheterologoustitreswereconsistentlywithinaneightfolddilutiondiff
5、erencebyalltests.MosthumanadultsandcalveshadantibodytobothOC43andNCDCVandgeometricmeantitresofhomologousantibodywerehigherthantitresofheterologousantibody.AlthoughOC43andNCDCVshareantigenicdeterminants,theypossessedseveraldifferentbiologicalproperties,includingplaquemorphologybytheinfectiouscentre
6、assay,agglutinationof1-day-oldchickerythrocytesandresistanceofhaemagglutinintophysicalandchemicaltreatments.INTRODUCTIONHumancoronavirusOC43isawellknowncauseofupperrespiratorytractsyndromes(McIntoshetal.,1967a,b,1970;Kayeetal.,1971;Hendleyetal.,1972;Bradburne&Somerset,1972).Coronaviruseshavebeenim
7、plicatedintheaetiologyofhumangastro-enteritis(Caul&Clarke,1975;Cauletal.,1975;Caul&Egglestone,1977;Lennartzetal.,1978).Neonatalcalfdiarrhoeacoronavirus(NCDCV)isanimportantcauseofdiarrhoeainnewborncalves(Stairetal
