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1、ABriefStudyofEnglishPoetry黃波Part1:ElementsofPoetry Part2:AnalysisofPoetry1.Beowulfistheearliestliteratureinepicform.Ithasthreeimportantfeaturesoftheepic (1).Themoststrikingfeatureistheuseofalliteration.ThisisthecharacteristicofalloldEnglishverse. (2).Thesecondisth
2、euseofmetaphorsandunderstatements. (3).ThethirdfeatureofthepoemisthemixtureofpaganandChristianelement.2.ChaucerintroducedfromFranceandItalytherhymedstanzasofvariousformstoEnglishpoetry,thatis: 1.theheroiccouplet;therhymedcoupletofiambicpenta-meter,whichwastobeveryi
3、mportantinthe18thcentury 2.therhymeroyal;aseven-linestanzainiambicpenta-meter,rhymingababbcc. 3.theterzarima;three-linestanzas,rhymingaba,bcb,cdc. 4.theoctave;eight-lineiambicpentameterstanza,rhymingababbcbc.Apoemhasrhythmandrhyme,theyhavelittlemeaninginthemselves,
4、yet,theymayhelptoreinforcethemeaning.Takerhythmasanexample,asadfeelingwillusuallybeintensifiedbylongvowelsandslow-pacedrhythm;whileahappyoccasionwillbemademoreexcitingbyaquickrhythm.e.g.inmusicRhymewillservetobringtogetherwordswhichareusuallynotthoughttogetherandth
5、ereforecreateimaginativerelationamongdifferentpartsofthepoems.E.g.Breathanddeath,ifrhymedtogether,willprobablyhelpustounderstandlifeasafragilebreath,buttheywillnotbesoiftheyarewrittenapart.Rhymeoccurswhentwowordsorphrasescontainanidenticalorsimilarvowelsound,usuall
6、yaccented,andanidenticalconsonantsound(ifany)thatfollowsthevowelsound.Sotospeak,rhymeistherepetitionofthestressedvowelsoundandallsucceedingsounds.Thus“l(fā)ine”willrhymewith“pine”,“visit”with“isit”.Rhymeisthemajorsoundelementwhichcontributestothemusicofpoetry.Therhymes
7、inapoemwillusuallyformapatterncalledrhymescheme.1.Masculine/femininerhymeWhentherhymingsoundinvolvesonlyonesyllable,usuallyattheendofrespectivelines,itiscalledmasculinerhyme.Oftenthefinalsyllableisstressed.TypesofRhymee.g.“cold”and“bold”,“sky”and“fly”. Whentherhymi
8、ngsoundsinvolvetwoormoresyllables,itiscalledfemininerhyme.e.g.“spitefully”and“delightfully”.2.Internalrhyme/endrhymeIftheoneorbothrhymingwordsare
