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1、Unit6 PreparingaSpeechTopicalHighlights1．GeneralRequirementsforPreparingaSpeech:planningdelivery,paraphrasingkeypoints,consideringtheaudience,practicingspeaking2．WaysofPreparingaSpeech:speakingwithoutreferences,speakingwithshortnotes,speakingwithaudio-visualaids,speakingfrom
2、thetext,readingthefulltext3．PointsforAttentioninPreparingaSpeech:easytoremember,completeandbalanced,considerate,completeThemePresentation1.GeneralRequirementsforPreparingaSpeech1)PlanningDeliveryCarefulplanningandpreparationwillhelpguaranteethataspeaker'smessageisclearlypres
3、entedandiseasytofollow.Whenpreparingaspeech,thespeakershouldkeepinmindthatitisoftennoteasyforlistenerstofollowthestructureoforalpresentationandtokeeptrackofwhathasbeensaid.Sothespeakershouldtrytouseanorganizationalpatternthatissuitableforhispurpose.2)ParaphrasingKeyPointsWhe
4、npreparingaspeech,thespeakershouldanticipatepointswherehislistenerswillneedspecialguidance.Forecastingandsummarizingkeypointswillhelplistenersfocusonhisideas.Thinkaboutconceptsthatmaybeespeciallydifficultforlistenerstounderstand.Trytopresentthoseconceptsrepeatedlyusingdiffer
5、entwordingeachtimesothatthelistenerscanbetteridentifywiththematerialsandideas.Paraphrasing(i.e.,highlightingkeypointsinvariousways)inthiscaseisausefultool.3)ConsideringtheAudienceDuringplanning,thespeakershouldkeeplistenersinmind.Iftheaudienceisexpectingafifteen-minutespeech
6、,heshouldtailorhispresentationtothatexpectation.Ifheknowstheenvironmentisgoingtobeuncomfortablefortheaudience,heshouldtrytoadapthisspeechtopicandlengthtoaccommodate2thephysicalsituation.4)PracticingSpeakingWithhisoutlineordraftcompleted,thespeakershouldbereadyforthefinalstep
7、inpreparation—practicinghisspeechfororalpresentation.Heprobablywillfindthatthebestmethodistotalkthroughtheoutlinealoud,followingtheplannedsequenceofideas.Heshoulddothisuntilhehasbeenfamiliarwiththissequencethoroughlyandcanexpresseachideaclearlyandfluently.Then,puttingtheoutl
8、ineaside,thespeakershouldthinkthroughthespeechsilently,pointbypoint,tomakec
