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1、第2O卷第1期礦冶Vo1．20．No．1MINING＆METALLURGYMarch2Ol1文章編號(hào)：1005—7854(2011)01—0033—05固體草酸加料對(duì)草酸鎳粒度與形貌的影響黃凱，黃珊艷，郭學(xué)益，張多默(1．北京科技大學(xué)冶金與生態(tài)工程學(xué)院，北京100083；2．北京礦冶研究總院，北京100070；3．中南大學(xué)冶金科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院，長沙410083)摘要：采用固體草酸加料方式沉淀可溶性鎳鹽，可得到類球形顆粒，并顯著減少沉淀母液廢水的排放量，有利于緩解濕法生產(chǎn)鎳系列粉末過程造成的環(huán)境負(fù)荷。實(shí)驗(yàn)證實(shí)采用
2、一次性加料、施加超聲波、縮短陳化時(shí)間、降低溫度、選擇硝酸鎳、添加分散劑均可有利于促使沉淀顆粒粒度細(xì)化和提高分散性，而溶液pH對(duì)顆粒形貌具有顯著影響。從pH為11的中強(qiáng)堿性溶液中開始添加固體草酸，隨著pH值的逐步下降，存在沉淀顆粒的“溶解一再結(jié)晶”過程，使得晶粒形貌從結(jié)實(shí)顆粒轉(zhuǎn)化成為由大量細(xì)小長方體晶粒聚集而成的大顆粒。在堿性條件下沉淀顆粒的主要成分是含銨草酸鎳復(fù)鹽，而在酸性條件下沉淀的主要成分是草酸鎳，均可在400℃完全分解。關(guān)鍵詞：草酸鎳；固體草酸；粒度；形貌；可控合成中圖分類號(hào)：TQI38．13文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼
3、：ADOI：10．3969／j．issn．1005—7854．2011．O1．008EFFECTOFSOLIDOXALATEACIDFEEDINGONTHESIZEANDM0RPHOL0GY0FPRECIPITATEDNICKELOXALATEPARTICLESHUANGKai，HUANGShan—yan，GUOXue—yi，ZHANGDuo—mo(1．SchoolofMetallurgicalandEcologicalEngineering，UniversityofScienceandTechnologyB
4、eijing，Beng100083，China；2．BeijingGeneralResearchInstituteofMiningandMetallurgy，Beijing100070，China；3．SchoolofMetallurgicalScienceandEngineering，CentralSouthUniversity，Changsha410083，China)ABSTRACT：Sphericalandquasi—sphericalnickeloxalatecompoundprecipitated
5、particleswerepreparedbyfeed—ingoxalateacidintheformofsolidparticlesintothenickelionsolution，andalotofwastewaterwillbereducedduetothisspecialfeedingwayinsteadofthetraditionaloxalateacidsolution．Ithasbeenexperimentallyverifiedthatfeedingonebatchatatime，ultras
6、oniceffect，shorteningagingtime，loweringtheagingtemperature，takingnickelnitrateasthesourceofnickelion．a(chǎn)ndaddingofsurfactantwouldbebeneficialtotheattenuationanddisper．singoftheprecipitatedparticles，andespeciallythepHofsolutionshowsgreatereffectonthemorphology
7、ofparti—cles．FeedingofsolidoxalateacidintothenickelionsolutionfromtheinitialpHof11tolowerlevels．a(chǎn)dissolu—tion—recrystallizationphenomenonofprecipitatedparticleOccursandtheshapeofparticleswilltransferfromquasi—sphericaltoneedle—likeorrod—like．Theprecipitated
8、particlesobtainedunderalkalineconditionsweremain1vCOm—posedofcomplexnickeloxalatecontainedammonia，whileinacidicsolutionitwasnickeloxalatewhichbothcould，decomposeintonickeloxideparticlesatthetemperature
