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1、第33卷第2期經(jīng)濟林研究、,01.33No.22015年6月NonwoodForestResearchJun.2015Doi:10.14067~.cnki.1003-8981.2015.02.013http://qks.csuft.edu.cn不同棗品種花粉的形態(tài)特征和萌發(fā)特性胡瓊。,王森。,郭紅艷(中南林業(yè)科技大學a.經(jīng)濟林育種與栽培國家林業(yè)局重點實驗室;b.經(jīng)濟林培育與保護省部共建教育部重點實驗室;C.經(jīng)濟林培育與利用湖南省2011協(xié)同創(chuàng)新中心,湖南長沙410004)摘要:為調(diào)控棗花芽分化,為豐產(chǎn)栽培提供
2、理論指導,以雞蛋棗、以色列1號棗、以色列3號棗、引.10棗、中秋酥脆棗5個棗品種為試材,采用纖維素酶法、電鏡掃描、瓊脂培養(yǎng)法對其進行花粉量、花粉形態(tài)、花粉萌發(fā)特性的研究。結果表明:(1)5個棗品種單藥花粉量為31i~1115,其中以色列3號棗的花粉量最少,中秋酥脆棗的花粉量最多;(2)5個棗品種的花粉形態(tài)為長橢圓形或細長橢圓形,具3條狹長萌發(fā)溝,極端不匯合,表面為網(wǎng)狀雕紋;(3)不同品種花粉萌發(fā)對培養(yǎng)基中硼酸及蔗糖濃度具有選擇性,以色列1號棗、引.1O棗、雞蛋棗的最適硼酸質(zhì)量濃度為10.0mg/L,以色列3號
3、棗、中秋酥脆棗的最適硼酸質(zhì)量濃度分別為30.0、50.Omg/L。引.10棗、雞蛋棗的最適蔗糖質(zhì)量分數(shù)分別為20%、15%,以色列3號棗、中秋酥脆棗的最適蔗糖質(zhì)量分數(shù)為10%。以色列1號棗在各種培養(yǎng)條件下,平均萌發(fā)率為2.04%,屬于雄性高度不育品種。關鍵詞:棗;花粉;形態(tài);萌發(fā)率;花粉管中圖分類號:$665.1文獻標志碼:A文章編號:1o03—8981f2O1502—O073—09Morphologicalandgerminationcharacteristicsofpollensindiferentjuj
4、ubecultivarsHUQiong,WANGSena-~,GUOHong-yana。。fa.TheKeyLabofNon-woodForestProductsofStateForestryAdministration;b.TheKeyLabofCulfivationandProtectionforNon-WoodForestTreesofEducationMinistry;C.2011CooperativeInnovationCenterofCultivationandUtilizationforNon-
5、WoodForestTreesofHunanProvince,CentralSouthUniversityofForestryandTechnology,Changsha410004,Hunan,China)Abstract:Inordertoregulateflowerbuddiferentiationinjujubeandtoprovideatheoreticalguidanceforhigh-yieldcultivation,takingfivejujubecultivarsasexperimental
6、materials,includingEggjujube,IsraelNo.1,IsraelNo.3,Yin-10,andMid-Autumncrispjujube,pollenamount,pollenmorphology,pollengerminationcharacteristicswereresearchedbyusingthemethodsofcelluloseenzymatic,electronmicroscopescanning,andagarculture.Theresultsshowedth
7、at:(1)Pollenamountperantherinthefivejujubecultivarswerebetween311and1115,pollenamountinIsraelNo.3WaStheleast,andthatinMid-Autunmcrispjujubewasthemost;(2)Pollenmorphologyinfivejujubecultivarswaslongorslenderoblong,hadthreelongandnalTOWgerminationditcheswitho
8、utmeetinginthepoletips,andhadnet-scull~ltures;(3)PollengerminationofdiferentjujubeeultivarshadselectivityofHsBO4andsucroseconcentrationsinmedia,theoptimalmassconcentrationsofH3BO4forIsraeliNo.1,Yin一10a