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1、定語(yǔ)從句1.先行詞2.主從句3.關(guān)系代詞：其作用有①.連接主從句②.代替先行詞，關(guān)系代詞可以代替先行詞在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)關(guān)系代詞：thatwhichwhowhomwhoseas1.前提：當(dāng)先行詞為物（非生命）時(shí)，可用that或which①.關(guān)系代詞代替先行詞在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)時(shí)可用that或whichEg.Thisisthegiftwhich/thatisboughtbyTom.②.關(guān)系代詞代替先行詞在從句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可用that或which，或者省略Eg.Thisisthegiftwhich/th
2、atTomboughtyesterday.或者ThisisthegiftTomboughtyesterday.2.前提：當(dāng)先行詞為有生命體時(shí)，可用who，whom，that①.關(guān)系代詞代替先行詞在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)，只能用who或thatEg.Ihatethemanwho/thatalwaystellslies.②.關(guān)系代詞代替先行詞在從句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)，可用who，whom，thatEg.Ihatethemanwho/whom/thatIsawyesterday.注：（特殊）在定語(yǔ)從句中that不能與介詞搭
3、配。先行詞為生命體時(shí)，與介詞搭配的只能是whom；先行詞為生命體時(shí)，與介詞搭配的只能是whichEg.HeisthemanwithwhomIwentswimming.Howisthecase?1.Ahairandsomedropsofbloodwerefound,inthelightof_____themurdererwillsoonbefoundout.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.when2.Intheroomtherearemanytables_______youcansitandr
4、ead.A.inwhichB.ofwhomC.ofitD.atwhich**只能用that不用which的情況1.先行詞前有序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)，或先行詞本身就是序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)時(shí)Eg.ThisisthemostinterestingfilmthatI’veeverseen.2.當(dāng)先行詞是不定代詞時(shí)，如all,little,few,much,alot,anything,everything,none,nothing,some等Eg.Hedideverythingthathecouldtohe
5、lpus.3.當(dāng)先行詞被all,every,no,some,any,little,much,theonly,thevery,theright,last,few,just等修飾時(shí)Eg.Theonlythingthatwecandoistogiveyousomeadvice.4.當(dāng)先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)Eg.LatermyfatherandMr.Smithtalkedforabouthalfanhourofthethingsandpersonsthattheyrememberedintheschool.5.
6、當(dāng)主句是以who或which開始的特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，為了避免重復(fù)Eg.Whoistheboythatwonthegoldmedal?6.當(dāng)關(guān)系詞在從句中做表語(yǔ)Eg.Heisnotthemanthatheusedtobe.**只能用which不用that的場(chǎng)合1.關(guān)系代詞前有介詞2.引導(dǎo)非限制性從句限制性定語(yǔ)從句：限制性定語(yǔ)從句中沒有逗號(hào)，限制性較強(qiáng)，翻譯成漢語(yǔ)時(shí)應(yīng)放在先行詞前面Eg.ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.這是我看過(guò)的最好的電影非限制性定語(yǔ)從句：非限制性定語(yǔ)從
7、句中間有逗號(hào)，限制性不強(qiáng)，翻譯成漢語(yǔ)一般放在先行詞之后，起一個(gè)補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明的作用Eg.LastnightIsawaverygoodfilm,whichwasabouttheLongMarch.昨晚我看了一部很好的電影，是關(guān)于長(zhǎng)征的附：關(guān)系詞的基本用法詞形先行詞充當(dāng)從句的成分關(guān)系代Who人主、賓詞Whom人賓Which物主、賓、定That人、物主、賓、表As人、物主、賓、表Whose=（ofwhich/ofwhom）人、物定語(yǔ)關(guān)系副詞When=(on/at/inwhich)時(shí)間詞時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Where=(in/
8、at/onwhich)地點(diǎn)詞地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)How方式詞方式狀語(yǔ)Why=forwhich原因詞原因狀語(yǔ)AsAs引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句通常有比較固定的句式或標(biāo)志1.as可以引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句。As在從句中做主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)，常與thesame,such,as,so搭配。Eg.Heissuchacleverboyaseveryonelikes.HeiswearingthesamejacketasIboughtyesterday.2.as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句修飾整個(gè)句子，意
