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1、第29卷第1期2012年1月公路交通科技JournalofHighwayandTransportationResearchandDevelopmentVoL29No.1Jan.2012doi:10.3969/j.issn.1002—0268.2012.01.022考慮換道約束空間的車輛換道模型研究王崇倫,李振龍,陳陽舟,代桂平(北京工業(yè)大學(xué)電子信息與控制工程學(xué)院,北京100124)摘要:為進(jìn)一步提高換道安全性,根據(jù)不同換道需求給出四種挾道情形。針對不同類型司機(jī)在不同換道情形下對安全距離的敏感度不同,提出了一種新的基于不
2、同速度及不同司機(jī)類型的最小安全距離模型——?jiǎng)討B(tài)橢圓最小安全距離模型。在此基礎(chǔ)上,運(yùn)用車輛運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)理論,生成換道約束空間。通過Maflab仿真對比發(fā)現(xiàn),該模型較之傳統(tǒng)最小安全距離模型在相應(yīng)情形下的約束空間具有更高的安全性和靈活性。然后利用攝像機(jī)標(biāo)定方法對北京市朝陽區(qū)西大望路的實(shí)際換道拍攝的圖像進(jìn)行處理,荻取了雙車道、低速情況下實(shí)際換道軌跡。并在換道約束空間下,以更加適合雙車道、低速換道環(huán)境的圓弧換道軌跡為基礎(chǔ)生成換道軌跡,最后采用回旋曲線解決了圓弧換道模型的側(cè)向加速度過大,曲率不連續(xù)等問題。關(guān)鍵詞:交通工程;車輛換道模型;
3、回旋曲線;約束空間;最小安全距離中圖分類號:U491文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼:A文章編號:1002—0268(2012)0l一0121—07ResearchonLane—changingModelsConsideringRestrictedSpaceWANGChonglun,LIZhenlong,CHENYangzhou,DAIGuiping(SchoolofElectronicInformationandControlEngineering,BeijingUniversityofTechnology,Bering100124,Ch
4、ina)Abstract:Inordertofurtherimprovethesecurityoflane-changing,dependingonthedifferentdemandsoflane—changing,fourkindsoflane·changingsituationweregiven.Inallusiontothedifferentsensitivitiesofdifferentdiverstosafedistanceinfourkindsoflane—changingsituation,anewmo
5、deloflane—changingminimumsafetydistancebasedondifferentspeedsanddifferenttypesofdriver,whichiscalleddynamicellipsemodelofminimumsafedistancewasputforward.Onthisbasis,therestrictedspacewascreatedbyapplyingvehiclekinematicstheory.ThroughMatlabsimulationcomparison,
6、itisfoundthatthepresentedmodelissaferandmoreflexibleinthesamesituationofrestrictedspacecomparedtothetraditionalmodelofminimumsafedistance.Inordertogettheactuallane—changingtrajectoryinthecaseoftwo—laneandlowvelocity,themethodofcameracalibrationwasusedtoprocessth
7、eactualimagesoflane—changinginWestDawangRoad,ChaoyangDistrict,Beijing.Atpreconditionofconsideringofrestrictedspace,thelane—changingtrajectorybasedonarclane—changingtrajectorymoresuitedtodualcarriagewaylane-changingandlowspeedenvironmentwasgenerated.Finally,cloth
8、oidcurvewasusedtosolvesomedefectssuchastoohighlateralaccelerationandnoncontinuouscurvatureprofileofthepath.Keywords:trafficengineering;lane—changingmodel;clothoidcurv