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1、一簡單句句子結(jié)構(gòu)句子功能1主語+不及物動(dòng)詞陳述句2主語+系動(dòng)詞+表語疑問句3主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語祈使句4主語+及物動(dòng)詞+間接賓語+直接賓語感嘆句5主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語+賓補(bǔ)6therebe句型（一）陳述句1.肯定句：主語+謂語2.否定句（1）謂語動(dòng)詞是be、have或有助動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，在它們之后直接加notHeisnotastudent.Hehasnotanybooks.Hewillnotgothere.（2）謂語動(dòng)詞為行為動(dòng)詞，無助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，在謂語動(dòng)詞前加do再加not（did、does）Idon’twanttodothat.Hedoesn’tlik
2、ethis.（3）其他否定詞no,hardly,never,few,little等Hehasnobrothersorsisters.Iwillneverrideahorse.HecanhardlyspeakanEnglishword.（4）兩者全部否定Neither或norNeitherofthemknowsFrench.NeitherJohnnorMaryishere.（5）兩者部分否定Bothofthemdidn’tattendthemeeting.（6）三者以上全部否定none,nothing,nobody,noone等Noneoftheseanswers
3、isright.Nobodyagreeswithwhatyousaid.（7）三者以上部分否定，all,many,every等加not構(gòu)成。Notmanypeoplelikemusic.Noteverygirlslikesinginganddancing.Allthesebooksarenotmine.（8）本應(yīng)在從句中的not被移至主句的謂語動(dòng)詞中，believe，expect,imagine,suppose,think等。Idon’tthinkitwillbeverycoldtoday.Wedon’tbelievethathecandoit.（二）疑問句1.
4、一般疑問句：用Yes,No回答（1）謂語是be或have，將其提前到主語前HaveyouanyEnglishbooks?(DoyouhaveanyEnglishbooks?)Issheateacher?（2）謂語動(dòng)詞是行為動(dòng)詞，將助動(dòng)詞do或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞置于主語前Doyouhaveameetingeveryweek?（3）否定式：把be,have或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和not的簡略式n’t一起放在句首Isn’tsheadoctor?肯定回答“Yes,sheis.”否定回答“No,sheisn’t”（4）提問的回答可肯定可否定Isthereanythingwrongwithyou
5、rpen?提問人預(yù)期得到肯定回答Istheresomethingwrongwithyourpen?Didsomeonephonelastnight?2.特殊疑問句：用疑問代詞或疑問副詞提問，不用Yes或No回答（1）疑問詞作主語或主語的定語Whoisintheroom?WhosefatherworksinBeijing?（2）疑問詞作句子的賓、狀、表語或修飾這三種成分時(shí)，“疑問詞+一般疑問句”Wheredoyoucomefrom?Whenwillyougo?區(qū)別：who（主格）和whom（賓格）Who(Whom)areyoulookingfor?Withwhom
6、didyouworkyesterday?（3）“Why+一般疑問句否定式”，一般表勸告、建議、責(zé)備等。Whydon’tyoucomeearlier?(Whynotcomeearlier?)3.選擇疑問句：用or連接，不用yes、no回答。Doyougotoworkbybusorbybike?Bybus.4.反義疑問句（三）祈使句：表命令、請(qǐng)求、建議，主語常?。?）說話對(duì)象是第二人稱you，一般省略主語；否定式“Don’t(Never)+動(dòng)詞原形”Getup!Don’tbeafraid.（2）說話對(duì)象是第一人稱和第三人稱，“Let+賓語+動(dòng)詞原形”，否定式：“l(fā)e
7、t+賓語+not+動(dòng)詞原形”或“Don’tlet+賓語+動(dòng)詞原形”Letusgo.let’snotgofishing.Letus（不包括對(duì)方），let’s(包括對(duì)方)Letusgonow,willyou?(=Pleaseallowustogonow.)Let’sgonow,shallwe?比較：Useyourheadandyouwillfindaway.Usingyourhead,hefoundaway.（四）感嘆句：表示快樂、痛苦等強(qiáng)烈感情，用how和what開頭1.How開頭（1）“How+adj（adv）+主語+謂語”Howbeautifultheflow
8、eris!Howflue
