資源描述:
《人教版高中英語選修8 Unit 2 Warming up 課件.ppt》由會員上傳分享,免費(fèi)在線閱讀,更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容在教育資源-天天文庫。
1、英語課標(biāo)教學(xué)課件選修8Unit2CloningWhoisYangYang?YangYangisChina’sfirstsuccessfullyclonedsheep.YangYangwasbornin2000,andhasjusthadits14thbirthday.It’stheworld’slongest-livingclonedsheep.1.Tolearnsomebasicinformationaboutcloning2.Toknowthedifferencebetweenanaturalcloneandaman-madecloneAclonei
2、sananimalorplantproducednaturallyorartificiallyfromthecellsofanotheranimalorplantandisexactlythesameasit.Cloningisawayofmakinganexactcopyofanotheranimalorplant.TheclonehasthesameDNAastheparent.What’scloning?SoundsReasonable?Therearedifferenttypesofcloning,andcloningtechnologiesca
3、nbeusedforotherpurposesbesidesproducingthegenetictwinofanotherorganism.Thethreetypesofcloningtechnologiesare:(1)recombinantDNAtechnologyorDNAcloning(基因重組克隆技術(shù))(2)reproductivecloning(生殖性克隆)(3)therapeuticcloning(治療性克隆)克隆一詞是英文單詞clone的音譯,作為名詞,clone通常被意譯為無性繁殖系。同一克隆的所有成員的遺傳構(gòu)成是完全相同的,例外僅見
4、于有突變發(fā)生時。自然界早已存在天然植物、動物和微生物的克隆。人們開始探索用人工的方法來生產(chǎn)高等動物克隆。這樣,克隆一詞就開始被用作動詞,指人工培育克隆動物這一動作。目前,生產(chǎn)哺乳動物克隆的方法主要有胚胎分割和細(xì)胞核移植兩種??寺⊙颉岸嗬颉?,以及其后各國科學(xué)家培育的各種克隆動物,采用的都是細(xì)胞核移植技術(shù)。所謂細(xì)胞核移植,是指將不同發(fā)育時期的胚胎或成體動物的細(xì)胞核,經(jīng)顯微手術(shù)和細(xì)胞融合方法移植到去核卵母細(xì)胞中,重新組成胚胎并使之發(fā)育成熟的過程。由于細(xì)胞核移植是產(chǎn)生克隆動物的有效方法,故人們往往把它稱為動物克隆技術(shù)。TwinsNaturalcloneDolly
5、thesheepMan-madecloneInpairs,lookatthesepicturesanddiscusswhichonesarenaturalclonesandwhichonesareman-made.Thinkabouthowtheydiffer.GrowingnewplantsMan-madecloneAstrawberryplantNaturalclone一株草莓依靠它沿地“爬走”的匍匐莖,一年內(nèi)就能長出數(shù)百株草莓苗。Cactus(仙人掌)Pendulumorchid(吊蘭)naturalcloneexamplesTwinsman-ma
6、decloneexamplesI'macelebrityinthehistoryofcloning.Doyouknowmyname?Dolly,thefirstmammaltobeclonedfromadultDNA,wasputdownbylethalinjectiononFeb.14,2003.Priortoherdeath,Dollyhadbeensufferingfromlungcancerandcripplingarthritis(嚴(yán)重的關(guān)節(jié)炎).CelebritySheepDollyDolly是世界上第一例用體細(xì)胞——乳腺上皮細(xì)胞,通過細(xì)胞核
7、移植技術(shù),在復(fù)雜的人工操作下,得到的一只小綿羊。Naturalcloneisonethatoccursinnaturewithouthumanhelp.Man-madecloneisonethatisproducedthroughhumanintervention(介入).CloneCanyoutellthedifferencebetweennaturalcloneandman-madeclone?Scientistshavebeencloninganimalsformanyyears.ThecreationofDollyisthefirstmammal
8、clonedfromthecellofanadultanimal.SinceDo