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1、凱程考研輔導班，中國最強的考研輔導機構(gòu)，http://www.kaichengschool.com考研就找凱程考研，學生滿意，家長放心，社會認可！考研英語：1997翻譯真題精練精講 一、全真試題 Doanimalshaverights?Thisishowthequestionisusuallyput.Itsoundslikeauseful，ground-clearingwaytostart.（71）Actually，itisn’t，becauseitassumesthatthereisanagreedaccountofhumanrights，whichissome
2、thingtheworlddoesnothave. Ononeviewofrights，tobesure，itnecessarilyfollowsthatanimalshavenone.72）Somephilosophersarguethatrightsexistonlywithinasocialcontract，aspartofanexchangeofdutiesandentitlements.Therefore，animalscannothaverights.Theideaofpunishingatigerthatkillssomebodyisabsurd，f
3、orexactlythesamereason，soistheideathattigershaverights.However，thisisonlyoneaccount，andbynomeansanuncontestedone.Itdeniesrightsnotonlytoanimalsbutalsotosomepeople—forinstance，toinfants，thementallyincapableandfuturegenerations.Inaddition，itisunclearwhatforceacontractcanhaveforpeoplewhon
4、everconsentedtoit:howdoyoureplytosomebodywhosays“Idon’tlikethiscontract?” Thepointisthis:withoutagreementontherightsofpeople,arguingabouttherightsofanimalsisfruitless.（73）Itleadsthediscussiontoextremesattheoutset:itinvitesyoutothinkthatanimalsshouldbetreatedeitherwiththeconsiderationh
5、umansextendtootherhumans，orwithnoconsiderationatall.Thisisafalsechoice.Bettertostartwithanother，morefundamentalquestion:isthewaywetreatanimalsamoralissueatall? Manydenyit.（74）Arguingfromtheviewthathumansaredifferentfromanimalsineveryrelevantrespect，extremistsofthiskindthinkthatanimals
6、lieoutsidetheareaofmoralchoice.Anyregardforthesufferingofanimalsisseenasamistake—asentimentaldisplacementoffeelingthatshouldproperlybedirectedtootherhumans. Thisview，whichholdsthattorturingamonkeyismorallyequivalenttochoppingwood,mayseembravely“l(fā)ogical”.Infactitissimplyshallow:theethi
7、calequivalentoflearningtocrawl—istoweighothersinterestsagainstone’sown.Thisinturnrequiressympathyandimagination:withoutwhichthereisnocapacityformoralthought.Toseeananimalinpainisenough,formost,toengagesympathy.（75）Whenthathappens,itisnotamistake:itismankind’sinstinctformoralreasoning
