資源描述：
《最新chapter18presentation教學(xué)講義PPT.ppt》由會員上傳分享，免費在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容在教育資源-天天文庫。
1、chapter18presentationParametricandNonparametricTestsChapter18introducestwonon-parametrichypothesistestsusingthechi-squarestatistic:thechi-squaretestforgoodnessoffitandthechi-squaretestforindependence.2ParametricandNonparametricTests(cont.)Theterm"non-parametric"referstothefactthatthechi?sq
2、uaretestsdonotrequireassumptionsaboutpopulationparametersnordotheytesthypothesesaboutpopulationparameters.Previousexamplesofhypothesistests,suchasthettestsandanalysisofvariance,areparametrictestsandtheydoincludeassumptionsaboutparametersandhypothesesaboutparameters.37TheChi-SquareTestforIn
3、dependenceThesecondchi-squaretest,thechi-squaretestforindependence,canbeusedandinterpretedintwodifferentways:1.Testinghypothesesabouttherelationshipbetweentwovariablesinapopulation,or2.Testinghypothesesaboutdifferencesbetweenproportionsfortwoormorepopulations.8TheChi-SquareTestforIndepende
4、nce(cont.)Althoughthetwoversionsofthetestforindependenceappeartobedifferent,theyareequivalentandtheyareinterchangeable.Thefirstversionofthetestemphasizestherelationshipbetweenchi-squareandacorrelation,becausebothproceduresexaminetherelationshipbetweentwovariables.9TheChi-SquareTestforIndep
5、endence(cont.)Thesecondversionofthetestemphasizestherelationshipbetweenchi-squareandanindependent-measuresttest(orANOVA)becausebothtestsusedatafromtwo(ormore)samplestotesthypothesesaboutthedifferencebetweentwo(ormore)populations.10TheChi-SquareTestforIndependence(cont.)Thefirstversionofthe
6、chi-squaretestforindependenceviewsthedataasonesampleinwhicheachindividualisclassifiedontwodifferentvariables.Thedataareusuallypresentedinamatrixwiththecategoriesforonevariabledefiningtherowsandthecategoriesofthesecondvariabledefiningthecolumns.11TheChi-SquareTestforIndependence(cont.)Theda
7、ta,calledobservedfrequencies,simplyshowhowmanyindividualsfromthesampleareineachcellofthematrix.Thenullhypothesisforthisteststatesthatthereisnorelationshipbetweenthetwovariables;thatis,thetwovariablesareindependent.12TheChi-SquareTestforIndependence(cont.)These
