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1、NanophotonicsandOpticalControlofSingle納米光子學(xué)和光學(xué)控制單IntroductiontoOpticalTweezersOUTLINEBriefHistoryofOpticalTweezersPrinciplesofOpticalTweezersOpticalTrappingForcesTheOpticalTweezersSetup&TheExperimentalMethodResearchAreasandPossibleusesTypesofOTSingleBeamOpticalTweezersDualbeamOpticalTweezer
2、sHolographicOpticalTweezersPrinciplesofOTExertalaserbeamtotheverysmallparticle,thelightwillbereflectedorrefractedfromthesurfaceoftheparticle.Themomentumofphoton,refractedtotheparticle,willbechangedandbythelawoftheconservationofthemomentum,theforceofthevariationofmomentumwillbeexertedtothesm
3、allparticle.(a)Iftheparticleistotheleft,say,ofthecenterofthebeam,itwillrefractmorelightfromtherighttotheleft,ratherthanviceversa.Theneteffectistotransfermomentumtothebeaminthisdirection,so,byNewton’sthirdlaw,theparticlewillexperienceanequalandoppositeforce–backtowardsthecenterofthebeam.Inth
4、isexampletheparticleisadielectricsphere(b)Similarly,ifthebeamistightlyfocuseditispossiblefortheparticletoexperienceaforcethatpushesbacktowardsthelaserbeam.(c)Wecanalsoconsideranenergeticargument:whenapolarizableparticleisplacedinanelectric?eld,thenet?eldisreduced.Theenergyofthesystemwillbea
5、minimumwhentheparticlemovestowhereverthe?eldishighest–whichisatthefocus.Therefore,potentialwellsarecreatedbylocalmaximainthefields.HowopticaltweezersworkOpticaltweezers:thenextgeneration,KishanDholakia,2002,physicsworldConditionsofOTTheRayOpticalRegimeofOpticalTweezersWonhoeKoo,Seoul,2005Th
6、eElectromagneticRegimeofOpticalTweezersTwoForcesTheElectromagneticRegimeofOpticalTweezersTheGradientForceTwoForcesTheGradientForceTheRayOpticalRegimeofOpticalTweezersWonhoeKoo,Seoul,2005TheBasicOTSetupAgenericopticaltweezersdiagramwithonlythemostbasiccomponentsTheOpticalTweezers,WikipediaRe
7、searchareasStudyandmanipulateparticlessuchasatoms,moleculesandsmalldielectricspheres(inrangefrommmtonm).Forcemeasurementsofbiologicalobjectsinpiconewtonrange.BiologicalinvestigationsinvolvingcellsCuttingandablatingbiologicalobjects(CellfusionandDNAcuttin
