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1、中外美術(shù)史主題論文45論漢代美術(shù)簡議漢代畫像石畫像磚的藝術(shù)特點姓名年級班級09-09班專業(yè)藝術(shù)設(shè)計長沙理工大學(xué)設(shè)計藝術(shù)學(xué)院二零一零年六月45摘要畫像石是遺存豐富，很有特色的秦漢美術(shù)史資料。藝術(shù)家們以刀代筆，在堅硬的石面上創(chuàng)作了眾多精美的圖像，用以作為建筑構(gòu)件，構(gòu)筑和裝飾墓室、石闕等。全國發(fā)現(xiàn)的漢畫像石數(shù)以千。據(jù)載，畫像石萌發(fā)于西漢昭、宣時期，新莽時有所發(fā)展，到東漢時進(jìn)一步擴大，主要分布于山東、河南、陜西、四川及其周圍地區(qū)。畫像磚，顧名思義就是刻畫或模印著畫像紋飾的磚，一般認(rèn)為始于戰(zhàn)國晚期，盛于漢代，三國兩晉南北朝時期繼續(xù)流行，是一種建筑裝飾構(gòu)件源于戰(zhàn)國末期出現(xiàn)的“雕墻”壁畫藝術(shù)。秦漢至西漢初期
2、，多用于裝飾宮殿衙舍的階基；西漢中期以后，主要用于裝飾墓室壁面；東漢則是畫像磚藝術(shù)的鼎盛時期。在漢代畫像石、畫像磚中，圖像表現(xiàn)在取材、技法和主旨意蘊三個不同的層面。同時，從漢代政治、經(jīng)濟、社會和文化的各個方面來考察，我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)畫像石、畫像磚的產(chǎn)生和表現(xiàn)有著它深厚的時代背景、社會根源和民族文化的底蘊。尤其在繁榮穩(wěn)定、提倡建設(shè)和諧社會的今天，我們?nèi)绾卫斫鉂h代畫像石、畫像磚表現(xiàn)出來的文化意緒，對于我們重新認(rèn)識繪畫，并加以正確的繼承、引導(dǎo)和發(fā)揚，具有深遠(yuǎn)的現(xiàn)實意義。關(guān)鍵詞：畫像石，畫像磚，社會根源，文化意緒45ABSTRACT（3號黑體）Theportraitstoneisremainsrichly
3、,hasthecharacteristictheQinandHanDynastyhistoryofartmaterialverymuch.Theartistswritealetteronanother'sbehalfbytheknife,hascreatedthenumerousfineimagesinthehardstonefacing,withbytakesthebuildingunit,theconstructionandthedecorationtombchamber,ShiQueandsoon.ThenationdiscoveredtheChinesepaintsaportraitS
4、hiShuyithousand.Accordingtocarrying,theportraitstonesproutsintheWesternHanDynastyillustrious,proclaimsthetime,whenthexindynastyestablishedbywangmanghasthedevelopment,totheEasternHanDynastywhenfurtherexpands,mainlydistributesinShandong,Henan,Shanxi,Sichuanandperipherythearea.Thebrickrelief,isasthenam
5、esuggeststheportrayorthemoldisprintingtheportraitdecorativedesigninautensilbrick,generallythoughtthatbeginsintheWarringStateslaterperiod,intheHanDynasty,thethree-countrytwojin'sSouthernandNorthernDynastiestimecontinuesabundantlypopularly,isonekindofbuildingdecorationcomponentstems45fromtheWarringSta
6、teslaststagetoappear“carvesthewall”muralart.TheQinandHanDynastytotheWesternHanDynastyinitialperiod,useindecoratingthepalacealleyshedmuchthestepbase;AfterWesternHanDynastyintermediatestage,mainlyusesindecoratingthetombchamberwallsurface;TheEasternHanDynastyisthebrickreliefartprosperoustime.Paintsapor
7、traitinthestoneintheHanDynasty,thebrickrelief,theimagedisplaysintheselection,thetechniqueandtheprimaryintentionimplicationthreedifferentstratificationplanes.Atthesametime,fromtheHanDynastypolitics,the
