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1、TheTell-TaleNeighbors:TrustandReputationinPeer-to-PeerSystemsThomasRepantisDepartmentofComputerScience&EngineeringUniversityofCalifornia,Riversidetrep@cs.ucr.eduMarch19,2004AbstractPeer-to-peersystemsareanattractivemeansofsharingdataandservices.However,theproblemofhowtoecient
2、lydecidewhichpeersaretobetrustedstillremainsunsolved.Inthisworkweproposeade-centralizedtrustmanagementsystembasedonreputation,forunstruc-tured,self-organizingpeer-to-peernetworks.Ourprotocoltakesad-vantageoftheunstructurednatureofthenetworktorendermaliciousbehaviorlikelyingandc
3、olludingrisky.Thereputationinformationofeachpeerisstoredinitsneighborsandpiggy-backedonitsquery-hits.Bysimulatingthebehaviorofnetworksbothusingandnotusingaratingschemewewereabletoshowthatjustafewdishonestnodescan
oodthenetworkwithfalseresults,whereasthisphenomenonisvirtuallyeli
4、minatedwhenusingaratingscheme.1IntroductionPeer-to-peer(P2P)systemshaveattractedalotofinterest,asahighlydy-namicplatformthatenablesautonomouscomputingnodestoshareresourcesCourseProjectReportforCS255-ComputerSecurity,Spring2004.1andservices.Theadvantagesofpeer-to-peerenvironmen
5、ts,especiallyofun-structuredones,includetheirabilityforself-organization,foradaptationtodi erentloads,andforresiliencytonodefailures.Operationofallthepeersasbothclientsandservers,andwithoutacentralcoordinatoreliminatespossiblebottlenecksintermsofscalabilityorreliability.However
6、,inanunstructuredanddecentralizedtopologyseveralsecurityissuesarise.Oneofthemostchallengingproblems,thatisstillbeingactivelyresearched,ishowtocreateatrustednetworkofpeersintheabsenceofacentraltrustmanagingauthority.Trustisimportantwhensharingdataorprocessingpower,andcrucialfore
7、-commerceapplicationsandauctioning.BysayingthatpeerAputsaleveloftrustintopeerB,wemeanthatAestimatestheprobabilityofBactinginawaythatwillallowAtoachieveadesiredlevelofsatisfaction.OnewayapeerAcanestimatetheleveloftrusttoputintoanotherpeerB,isbybeingbasedonthereputationofpeerB.Th
8、ereputationofpeerBismeasuredfrompreviousinteractionsof
