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2022-2023學(xué)年度下期高2023屆三診模擬考試英語(yǔ)試卷注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考號(hào)填寫在答題卡規(guī)定的位置上。2.答選擇題時(shí)，必須使用2B鉛筆將答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑，如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案標(biāo)號(hào)。3.答非選擇題時(shí)，必須使用0.5毫米黑色筆跡的簽字筆，將答案書寫在答題卡規(guī)定的位置上。4.所有題目必須在答題卡上作答，在試題卷上答題無效。5.考試結(jié)束后，只將答題卡交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.WhatistheworstpartofJoe’sstory?A.Thegrammar.B.Thehandwriting.C.Thespelling.2.Whatdotheman’sclasswanttodothisSunday?A.Goforaswim.B.Dosomesunbathing.C.Collectrubbish.3.Whoprobablypickedthewoman’sroses?A.Thewoman’sson.B.Themalespeaker.C.Thewoman’sneighbour.4.Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?A.Holidayplans.B.Workproblems.C.Familymembers.5.HowdidCynthiadoinherhistorytest?A.Shefailedit.B.Shebarelypassed.C.Shedidverywell.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。
聽第6段材料，回答第6至7題。6.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Recommendafilm.B.Buysomemedicine.C.Gotothecinema.7.Howdoesthewomansoundintheend?A.Annoyed.B.Excited.C.Humorous.聽第7段材料，回答第8至9題。8.WhatcanwesayabouttheweatheronSunday?A.Itwasveryfine.B.Itwasrainy.C.Itwaschangeable.9.Whatdothelocalsthinkofsuchweather?A.It’sacommonphenomenon.B.It’scausedbyclimatechange.C.It’sunusualandunforgettable.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatisthemandoing?A.Carryingoutasurvey.B.Conductingajobinterview.C.Sellingholidaypackages.11.Whereisthewomanfrom?A.Britain.B.France.C.Germany.12.Whatdoesthemanpromisethewoman?A.Lifeinsurance.B.Officesupplies.C.Fixedpayment.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatdayisittoday?A.Friday.B.Saturday.C.Sunday.14.WhatdoesClairethinkhelpedhergettheletterfromHarvard?A.Stayinguplatetostudy.B.Attendingextracourses.C.Forminggoodlearninghabits.95.WhydidClairechooseHarvardUniversity?A.Herauntoncestudiedthere.B.Shehadwonascholarshiptoit.
C.ShewantedtobeMadelyn’sschoolmate.16.WhatdoesClaireplantodobeforeSeptember?A.Visitheraunt.B.Travelabroad.C.Visitsomefriends.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.Explainingsomeclimatecrises.B.Talkingaboutfirstaidforemergencies.C.Introducingthecollapseoftheecosystem.18.Whatwillcauseaflashfloodaccordingtothespeaker?A.Tidalwaves.B.Damageddams.C.Therisingwarmair.19.Whatisthefourthcrisismainlyabout?A.Wildlifemigration.B.Habitatloss.C.Disappearingspecies.20.WhyisJamesElsnermentionedintheend?A.Heaimstoprotectcoralreefs.B.Hedoesresearchonpolarbears.C.Heproveshurricanesgetstronger.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ALondoncanbeanexpensivecitytovisitifyougounprepared.IfyougosightseeinginLondonforthefirsttime,itissuggestedinvestinginaLondonPass.TheLondonPassisadigitalsightseeingcreditspackagethatgivesyouaccessto80+attractionsinthecitywitharelativelylowercost.Formanyattractionsonthepass,there’snoneedtopre-book.However,somemayhavelimitedcapacity,soyou’llneedtobookinadvance.WhatdoyougetwithTheLondonPass?●Incrediblesavings.●Accesstomorethan80topLondonattractions.●Fastentryatselectedattractionsandsights.●90-daymoney-backguarantee.GotoTheLondonPassbookingpageandchooseadurationthatsuitsyourtrip-TheLondonPassisavailable
forone,two,three,four,five,six,sevenor10consecutivedays.Downloadthepasstoyourphoneandplanyoursightseeingtourswiththeapp.Whenyougettothegateofanyparticipatingattraction,showyourLondonPassandheadstraightinside.Whatareourbestsellers?●2DayPass:Child￡65.00Adult￡99.00●3DayPass:Child￡77.00Adult￡116.00●5DayPass:Child￡94.00Adult￡144.001.WhyisTheLondonPassrecommendedtotravelers?A.Itoffersmoney-savingtips.B.IthelpstovisitLondononabudget.C.Itprovidesaccesstomoreattractions.D.Itpromisestoreturnmoneyifunused.2.WhatshouldyoudobeforeusingTheLondonPass?A.Signuponthepage.B.Downloadtheapp.C.Bookyourtours.D.Updateyourinformation.3.Howmuchshouldyoupayifyouwant3DayPassfortwoparentsandakid?A￡.164.B.￡263.C.￡309.D.￡382.【答案】1.B2.B3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了倫敦通票的作用以及收費(fèi)情況。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“TheLondonPassisadigitalsightseeingcreditspackagethatgivesyouaccessto80+attractionsinthecitywitharelativelylowercost.(倫敦通票是一種數(shù)字觀光積分套餐，可以讓你以相對(duì)較低的成本游覽倫敦80多個(gè)景點(diǎn))”可知，推薦倫敦通票給旅行者是因?yàn)樗鼘?duì)在預(yù)算內(nèi)游覽倫敦會(huì)有所幫助。故選B。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)正文第二段“Downloadthepasstoyourphoneandplanyoursightseeingtourswiththeapp.(將通票下載到你的手機(jī)上，用應(yīng)用程序計(jì)劃你的觀光旅行)”可知，使用倫敦通票前應(yīng)該下載應(yīng)用。故選B。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“●3DayPass:Child￡77.00Adult￡116.00(●3日通票：兒童77英鎊，成人116英鎊)”可知，如果你想買一張父母和一個(gè)孩子的3日票，你需要付77+116+116=309￡。故選C。B
Asix-year-oldlongingtokeepaunicorninherbackyardfiguredshe’dgetthehardpartoutofthewayfirst.LastNovember,MadelinewrotealettertotheLosAngelesCountyDepartmentofAnimalCareandControlwithastraightforwardrequest.“DearLACounty,IwouldlikeyourapprovalifIcanhaveaunicorninmybackyardifIcanfindone.Pleasesendmealetterinresponse.”DirectorMayedarepliedtwoweekslater.Thedepartmentdoesinfactlicenseunicorns,shesaid,undercertainconditions.Thoseincludepolishingtheunicorn’shornatleastonceamonthwithasoftcloth,feedingitwatermelonatleastonceaweek,coveringitwithonlynontoxicandbiodegradablesparklesandgivingitregularaccesstosunlight,moonbeams,andrainbows.And,becauseunicornsareindeedveryraretofind,thedepartmentisalsogivingMadelineatoyunicorntokeephercompanyduringhersearch,asatokenofappreciation.“Itisalwaysrewardingtohearfromyoungpeoplewhothoughtfullyconsidertherequirementsofprovidingalovinghomeforanimals,”Mayedawroteintheletter.“IlikeyoursenseofresponsiblepetownershiptoseekpermissioninadvancetokeepaunicorninLosAngelesCounty.”MayedatoldtheWashingtonPostthatthisisthefirsttimethedepartmenthasreceivedarequestforalicenseforaunicornoranymythicalcreature.Theywereimpressedwiththefirstgraderforwantingtoaskpermissioninthefirstplace,anddoingherresearchtoworkouthowtogoaboutthat.Sheandhercolleaguesdealwithalotof“l(fā)ife-and-death”issuesonthejob,whetherthat’sseeingcasesofanimalabuseoranimalshurtingpeopleormakingdecisionsabouthavingtoputdowndangerousorsickanimals.SoMadeline’sletterhasconsiderablybrightenedtheirspirits,andsheisduetovisitthedepartmentthisweektodiscussherunicornlicenseapplication.Safetosay,she’sinforamagicalsurprise.4.WhydidMadelinewritetheletter?A.Toapplytovisitaunicorn.B.Tolearntoprovideanimalcare.C.Toaskpermissiontokeepapet.D.Tofigureouthowtofindaunicorn.5.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3?A.Madeline’sapplicationwasdisapproved.B.GuidancewasgivenforMadeline’ssearch.C.Madelinewaspresentedwithaliveunicorn.D.Requirementsshouldbemetforthelicense.6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMayeda?A.Strict.B.Loving.C.Sensitive.D.Realistic.7.WhyhasthelettercheeredupMayedaandhercolleagues?A.Itisthefirstapplicationletterforapet.
B.Madelineputsgreateffortintoherdream.C.Animalprotectionisalife-and-deathissue.D.Thedepartmentoftendealswithtoughissues.【答案】4.C5.D6.B7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要說明了六歲的孩子Madeline寫信給洛杉磯縣動(dòng)物保護(hù)與控制部門，希望獲得許可養(yǎng)一只獨(dú)角獸?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“LastNovember,MadelinewrotealettertotheLosAngelesCountyDepartmentofAnimalCareandControlwithastraightforwardrequest.“DearLACounty,IwouldlikeyourapprovalifIcanhaveaunicorninmybackyardifIcanfindone.Pleasesendmealetterinresponse.”(去年11月，Madeline給LosAngelesCountyDepartmentofAnimalCareandControl寫了一封信，提出了一個(gè)直截了當(dāng)?shù)囊??！坝H愛的洛杉磯縣，如果我能找到獨(dú)角獸，我希望你能批準(zhǔn)我在后院養(yǎng)一只獨(dú)角獸。請(qǐng)給我回信。”)”可知，Madeline寫這封信是為了請(qǐng)求允許養(yǎng)寵物。故選C。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“DirectorMayedarepliedtwoweekslater.Thedepartmentdoesinfactlicenseunicorns,shesaid,undercertainconditions.Thoseincludepolishingtheunicorn’shornatleastonceamonthwithasoftcloth,feedingitwatermelonatleastonceaweek,coveringitwithonlynontoxicandbiodegradablesparklesandgivingitregularaccesstosunlight,moonbeams,andrainbows.And,becauseunicornsareindeedveryraretofind,thedepartmentisalsogivingMadelineatoyunicorntokeephercompanyduringhersearch,asatokenofappreciation.(Mayeda局長(zhǎng)兩周后回復(fù)。她說，該部門實(shí)際上是在一定條件下批準(zhǔn)獨(dú)角獸的。這些措施包括每月至少用軟布擦拭獨(dú)角獸的角一次，每周至少喂它一次西瓜，只給它涂上無毒且可生物降解的閃光，并定期讓它接觸陽(yáng)光、月光和彩虹。而且，由于獨(dú)角獸確實(shí)非常罕見，該部門還送給瑪?shù)铝找恢煌婢擢?dú)角獸，讓她在尋找的過程中陪伴她，以表示感謝。)”可知，要獲得許可應(yīng)滿足一些要求。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“And,becauseunicornsareindeedveryraretofind,thedepartmentisalsogivingMadelineatoyunicorntokeephercompanyduringhersearch,asatokenofappreciation.(而且，由于獨(dú)角獸確實(shí)非常罕見，該部門還送給瑪?shù)铝找恢煌婢擢?dú)角獸，讓她在尋找的過程中陪伴她，以表示感謝。)”可知，Mayeda是富有愛心的，故選B。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Sheandhercolleaguesdealwithalotof“l(fā)ife-and-death”issuesonthejob,
whetherthat’sseeingcasesofanimalabuseoranimalshurtingpeopleormakingdecisionsabouthavingtoputdowndangerousorsickanimals.(她和她的同事們?cè)诠ぷ髦刑幚砹撕芏唷吧镭P(guān)”的問題，無論是看到動(dòng)物虐待或動(dòng)物傷害人類的案例，還是做出必須殺死危險(xiǎn)或生病動(dòng)物的決定。)”可知，這封信鼓舞了Mayeda和她的同事們是因?yàn)檫@個(gè)部門經(jīng)常處理棘手的問題。故選D。CLikeatiredmarriage,therelationshipbetweenlibrariesandpublishershaslongbeendull.E-books,however,arecausingheartache.Librariesknowtheyneeddigitalwaresiftheyaretoremainrelevant,butmanypublishersaretoocautiousaboutpiracy(盜版)andlostsalestocooperate.Amongthebigsix,onlyRandomHouseandHarperCollinslicensee-bookswithmostlibraries.Publishersarewisetobenervous.Ownersofe-readersareexactlythecustomerstheyneed:book-loverswithmoney.Ifthesepeopleswitchtoborrowinge-booksinsteadofbuyingthem,whatthen?Electronicborrowingisawfullyconvenient.Unlikeprintedbooks,e-bookfilescanbedownloadedathomefromdigitallibrariesanytime.Thefilesdisappearfromthedevicewhentheyaredueautomatically.Awkwardlyforpublishers,buyingane-bookcostsmorethanrentingonebutofferslittleextravalue.E-lendingisnotsimple,however.Therearelotsofdifferentandoftenincompatible(不兼容的)e-bookformats,devicesandlicenses.MostlibrariesuseacompanycalledOverDrive,whichsecuresrightsfrompublishersandprovidese-booksandaudiofilesineveryformat.YetpublishersandlibrariesareworriedbyOverDrive’sglobalmarketdominance,asthecompanycancontrolfeesandconditions.PublisherswereannoyedwhenOverDriveteamedupwithAmazon,theworld’sbiggestonlinebookseller,lastyear.OwnersofAmazon’sKindlee-readerwhowanttoborrowe-booksfromlibrariesarenowredirectedtoAmazon’swebsite,whereAmazonfollowsuplibraryfrequentersdirectly,lettingthemknowtheycan“Buythisbook”whentheloanfallsdue.AccordingtoPew,anopinionresearcher,libraryusersareaperfectmarketforAmazon.LatelastyearAmazonintroduceditsKindleOwners’LendingLibrary,whichletsitsbestcustomersborrowfreeoneofthousandsofpopularbookseachmonth.Librarysupportersarguethatbookborrowersarealsobookbuyersandthatlibrariesarevitalspacesforreaderstodiscovernewworks.ManywerecheeredbyarecentPewsurveywhichfoundthatmorethanhalfofAmericanswithlibrarycardssaytheyprefertobuytheire-books.So,publisherskeepadjustingtheirlendingarrangementsinsearchoftherightbalance.RandomHouseraiseditslicensingpricesearlierthisyear,andHarperCollinslimitslibrariestolendingitstitles26times.8.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph1?
A.Manypublishersarehesitanttolicensee-books.B.Thelibrary-publisherrelationshiphasbeenunstable.C.Librariesandpublishersholdthesameviewtowardse-books.D.RandomHouseandHarperCollinsarethetoptwopublishers.9.Whyarepublishersworriedaboutelectronicborrowing?A.Theremaybeanoticeabledropinprofit.B.Rightsforpublisherscan’tbesecuredanylonger.C.E-bookscanbedownloadedagainwhentheyaredue.D.E-booksandtheiraudiofilesareprovidedineveryformat.10.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Amazonisadoptingmeasurestowinmorecustomers.B.E-bookscanbelentatlibrariesasmanytimesasyoulike.COverDrivedistributese-booksandaudiofilestopublishers.D.OverhalfofAmericansareborrowinge-booksfromlibraries.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ReadingOnlineorOfflineB.AMarriage-likeRelationshipC.ABrightFutureforPublishersD.ATenseStoryRaisedbyE-books【答案】8.A9.A10.A11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說明文。本文由出版商和圖書館的關(guān)系入手，介紹了雖然電子借閱很方便，但大多數(shù)出版商不愿與圖書館合作，拒絕授予圖書館電子書的許可，使電子借閱經(jīng)濟(jì)難以預(yù)料。【8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Librariesknowtheyneeddigitalwaresiftheyaretoremainrelevant,butmanypublishersaretoocautiousaboutpiracy(盜版)andlostsalestocooperate.(圖書館知道，如果他們想保持影響力，就需要數(shù)字產(chǎn)品，但許多出版商對(duì)盜版和銷售損失過于謹(jǐn)慎，無法合作)”可推知，許多出版商對(duì)電子書授權(quán)猶豫不決。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Electronicborrowingisawfullyconvenient.Unlikeprintedbooks,e-bookfilescanbedownloadedathomefromdigitallibrariesanytime.Thefilesdisappearfromthedevicewhentheyaredueautomatically.Awkwardlyforpublishers,buyingane-bookcostsmorethanrentingonebutofferslittleextravalue.(
電子借閱非常方便。與紙質(zhì)書不同，電子書文件可以隨時(shí)在家里從數(shù)字圖書館下載。當(dāng)文件到期時(shí)自動(dòng)從設(shè)備中消失。令出版商尷尬的是，購(gòu)買一本電子書比租用一本要貴，但卻沒有什么額外的價(jià)值)”可知，出版商擔(dān)心電子借閱因?yàn)槔麧?rùn)可能會(huì)明顯下降。故選A?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“LatelastyearAmazonintroduceditsKindleOwners’LendingLibrary,whichletsitsbestcustomersborrowfreeoneofthousandsofpopularbookseachmonth.(去年晚些時(shí)候，亞馬遜推出了Kindle用戶借閱圖書館，讓最優(yōu)秀用戶每月免費(fèi)借閱數(shù)千本流行圖書中的一本)”可知，亞馬遜正在采取措施贏得更多顧客。故選A?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Likeatiredmarriage,therelationshipbetweenlibrariesandpublishershaslongbeendull.E-books,however,arecausingheartache.Librariesknowtheyneeddigitalwaresiftheyaretoremainrelevant,butmanypublishersaretoocautiousaboutpiracy(盜版)andlostsalestocooperate.Amongthebigsix,onlyRandomHouseandHarperCollinslicensee-bookswithmostlibraries.(就像一段乏味的婚姻，圖書館和出版商之間的關(guān)系長(zhǎng)期以來一直很沉悶。然而，電子書卻令人心痛。圖書館知道，如果他們想保持影響力，就需要數(shù)字產(chǎn)品，但許多出版商對(duì)盜版和銷售損失過于謹(jǐn)慎，無法合作。在六大出版商中，只有蘭登書屋和哈珀柯林斯向大多數(shù)圖書館授權(quán)電子書)”結(jié)合本文由出版商和圖書館的關(guān)系入手，介紹了雖然電子借閱很方便，但大多數(shù)出版商不愿與圖書館合作，拒絕授予圖書館電子書的許可，使電子借閱經(jīng)濟(jì)難以預(yù)料。可知，D選項(xiàng)“電子書引發(fā)的緊張故事”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選D。DDreams,accordingtoCarlJung,revealacertainamountofrealityhiddenduringwakingconsciousness.InJungianphilosophy,theconflictandchaosexperiencedindreamsfinallybringordertoourlives.WhileJung’smysticaltheoriesaredebatable,hewasnotmistakenabouttheimportanceofdreaming.Agrowingnumberofreportsshowthatacontinuouslackofdreamingisdamagingourwakinghoursinmanyways.Thistrendiscausingdamagetoourimmuneandmetabolic(新陳代謝的)systems,letalonetheelectronicproductsthatkeepusuplateatnightareruiningoursleeppatterns,whichhaslong-termconsequencesonourmemorysystem.OnestudyshowedthatnotallowingmicetohaveadequateamountsofREM(RapidEyeMovement)sleep,thestageinwhichwedream,themicecouldn’tstrengthenmemories.Youmightthinkthisisjustasleepproblem,butdreamingisinseparablefromournight-timerest.Wesleepincycles,eachlastingabout90minutes;inasleepcycle,wegothroughnon-REMsleepbeforehittingREM.Asthenightprogresses,REMsleepperiodsincreaseinlengthwhiledeepsleep(oneofthestagesofnon-REMsleep)decreases.Thelongerwesleep,themoretimewespendinREM,whichiswhyweareoftendreamingwhenwakingupinthemorning.Ifwesleeplessthansevenhours,however,itbecomeshardertoachievethislevelof
REM.Thecombinationofsleepinganddreamingactsasanemotionalstabiliser.Werecoverfromemotionalhurtfasterwhenwesleepanddreamproperly.However,we’renotgettingenoughsleeptocyclethroughthestagestotakeadvantageofthisnaturalcircadiananti-depressant(抗抑郁劑)—dreams.Instead,wegetdepressedandturntoalcoholormedicinestogettosleep,whichonlymakesthingsworsebecauseevenonedrinkleadstolateREMwhileanti-depressantspromotedeepsleepattheexpenseofREM.We’repayingforthislackofdreaminginmanyways.Forexample,a2021studystatedthatcomparedwithquietrestandnon-REMsleep,REMpromotedtheformationofassociativenetworksandtheintegration(整合)ofunassociatedinformation.VolunteersthatexperiencedmoreREMsleepwerebetterequippedforsolvingproblemsrequiringcreativesolutions.RowanHooper,themanagingeditoratNewScientist,writesthatdreamsthatincludean“emotionalcore”appeartobeamainfunctionofREMsleepandthatweshouldlookatsleeppatternsasseriouslyaswedodietandexercisehabits.12.What’sCarlJung’sviewaboutdreams?A.Theycausechaos.B.Theymirrorreality.C.Theyrevealsecrets.D.Theydamageimmunity.13.Whatdoes“thistrend”inParagraph2referto?A.Insufficientsleep.B.Aconstantstateofdreamlessness.C.Addictiontoelectronicproducts.D.Moreresearchonsleepanddreams.14.WhatcanwelearnaboutREM?A.REMhelpspeoplefightdepression.B.REMcanbeimprovedbyanti-depressants.C.REMsleepoccursbeforenon-REMsleep.D.ThebrainreceivesnewinformationduringREMsleep.15.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.Theimportanceofsleepliesindreams.B.Theabsenceofdreamsisharmfultohumanbeings.C.Dreamingpatternsaremoreimportantthanwerealise.D.Dreaminghasmysticalpowerofstrengtheningmemories.【答案】12.B13.B14.A15.B【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說明文。越來越多的報(bào)告顯示，持續(xù)不做夢(mèng)會(huì)在很多方面損害我們醒著的時(shí)間。文章主要說明了不做夢(mèng)會(huì)損害免疫和代謝系統(tǒng)，解釋了背后的原因以及對(duì)此的建議?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Dreams,accordingtoCarlJung,revealacertainamountofrealityhiddenduringwakingconsciousness.(根據(jù)卡爾·榮格的說法，夢(mèng)揭示了在清醒意識(shí)中隱藏的一定數(shù)量的現(xiàn)實(shí))”可知，卡爾·榮格認(rèn)為夢(mèng)反映了現(xiàn)實(shí)。故選B。【13題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Agrowingnumberofreportsshowthatacontinuouslackofdreamingisdamagingourwakinghoursinmanyways.(越來越多的報(bào)告表明，持續(xù)缺乏做夢(mèng)在很多方面損害了我們清醒的時(shí)間)”以及畫線詞后文“iscausingdamagetoourimmuneandmetabolic(新陳代謝的)systems(正在損害我們的免疫和代謝系統(tǒng))”可知，越來越多的報(bào)告顯示，持續(xù)不做夢(mèng)會(huì)在很多方面損害我們醒著的時(shí)間，這種趨勢(shì)（持續(xù)的無夢(mèng)狀態(tài)）正在損害我們的免疫和代謝系統(tǒng)。故畫線詞指的是“持續(xù)的無夢(mèng)狀態(tài)”。故選B?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“OnestudyshowedthatnotallowingmicetohaveadequateamountsofREM(RapidEyeMovement)sleep,thestageinwhichwedream,themicecouldn’tstrengthenmemories.(一項(xiàng)研究表明，如果不讓小鼠有足夠的REM（快速眼動(dòng)）睡眠，即我們做夢(mèng)的階段，小鼠就無法增強(qiáng)記憶)”和倒數(shù)第三段“However,we’renotgettingenoughsleeptocyclethroughthestagestotakeadvantageofthisnaturalcircadiananti-depressant(抗抑郁劑)—dreams.Instead,wegetdepressedandturntoalcoholormedicinestogettosleep,whichonlymakesthingsworsebecauseevenonedrinkleadstolateREMwhileanti-depressantspromotedeepsleepattheexpenseofREM.(然而，我們沒有足夠的睡眠來循環(huán)利用這種天然的晝夜節(jié)律抗抑郁劑——夢(mèng)。相反，我們會(huì)感到沮喪，并求助于酒精或藥物來入睡，這只會(huì)讓事情變得更糟，因?yàn)榧词挂槐埔矔?huì)導(dǎo)致快速眼動(dòng)晚期，而抗抑郁藥會(huì)以犧牲快速眼動(dòng)為代價(jià)促進(jìn)深度睡眠)”可知，夢(mèng)是一種天然的晝夜節(jié)律抗抑郁劑，做夢(mèng)會(huì)快速眼動(dòng)，所以快速眼動(dòng)有助于人們對(duì)抗抑郁。故選A?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Agrowingnumberofreportsshowthatacontinuouslackofdreamingisdamagingourwakinghoursinmanyways.(越來越多的報(bào)告顯示，持續(xù)不做夢(mèng)會(huì)在很多方面損害我們醒著的時(shí)間)”以及第二段“Thistrendiscausingdamagetoourimmuneandmetabolic(新陳代謝的)systems,letalonetheelectronicproductsthatkeepusuplateatnightareruiningoursleeppatterns,whichhaslong-termconsequencesonourmemorysystem.OnestudyshowedthatnotallowingmicetohaveadequateamountsofREM(RapidEyeMovement)sleep,thestageinwhichwedream,themicecouldn’tstrengthenmemories.(
這種趨勢(shì)正在損害我們的免疫和代謝系統(tǒng)，更不用說讓我們熬夜的電子產(chǎn)品正在破壞我們的睡眠模式，這對(duì)我們的記憶系統(tǒng)有長(zhǎng)期的影響。一項(xiàng)研究表明，如果不讓老鼠有足夠的REM(快速眼動(dòng))睡眠，也就是我們做夢(mèng)的階段，老鼠就不能加強(qiáng)記憶)”結(jié)合文章主要說明了不做夢(mèng)會(huì)損害免疫和代謝系統(tǒng)，解釋了背后的原因以及對(duì)此的建議?？芍@篇文章的主旨是缺乏夢(mèng)對(duì)人類有害。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。“Justthinkpositively!”“Itcouldbeworse.”“Youshouldlookatthebrightside!”We’veallheard(andmaybeused)thesephraseswithoutmuchthought.Buttheycouldbecontributingtoacultureoftoxic(有毒的)positivity.Forthosenewtothisterm,itmightsoundlikeanoxymoron(矛盾修辭法).Howcanpositivitybetoxic?Isn’titsupposedtobehelpful,or“positive”,asthenamesuggests?___16___“Toxicpositivityiswhensomebodyavoidsallnegativethoughtsorfeelings,pretendingeverythingisgoingwellwhenitisnot,”explainsMelissaDowd,atherapistatPlushCare,avirtualhealthplatform.WhitneyGoodman,anotherlicensedpsychotherapist,describestoxicpositivityasthe“endlesspressuretobehappyandpositive,nomatterwhatthecircumstancesare.”___17___It’salsosomethingwecancauseotherpeopletoexperience.Toxicpositivitycausesustosuppressouremotions,whichcanmakethemworse.___18___“Althoughitcanbehelpfultolookonthebrightsidewhenfacingchallenges,”Dowdsays,“notcopingwithnegativefeelingsinahealthywayinthemomentcanleadtothosefeelingsresurfacinglaterindifferentareasofyourlifeorasaformofanxiety.”___19___“IfIfeellikeyou’regoingtosetmeaside,I’mgoingtostopsharinghowI’mfeeling,”Goodmanadds.___20___Ifyou’reusingtoxicpositivityagainstyourself,Goodmansuggestsrememberingit’sOKifyou’reupsetaboutsomething.It’svalidifsomethingannoysyou.“Allowourselvesandotherpeopletosharewhenthey’regoingthroughadifficulttime,”shesays.Dowdaddsthatit’sessentialthat“wealllearntocopewithandprocessouremotionsinahealthywayasopposedtoavoidinghowwefeel”aslife’sstressorscontinuetorise.Forexample,insteadofsimplysaying“Justthinkpositively,”we’dbettersay“Sometimesbadthingshappen.HowcanIhelp?”A.Aretherewaystoavoidtoxicpositivity?B.Toxicpositivityalsointerruptsconnection.C.Itcanharmpeoplewhoaregoingthroughdifficulttimes.D.Expressingtoxicpositivitytoothersmaylooklikeofferingthemasimplesolution.
E.Theybecomemoreintenseandcanalsocauselong-lastinghealthconcernsinthefuture.F.Expertssayconstantforcedpositivitycanleadtotheopposite,andhaveanegativeeffect.G.Thisiswhatwemaybringontoourselvesbynotallowingnegativethoughtsandfeelings.【答案】16.F17.G18.E19.B20.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說明文，短文介紹了“有毒的積極性”的不良影響和應(yīng)對(duì)措施?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Howcanpositivitybetoxic?Isn’titsupposedtobehelpful,or“positive”,asthenamesuggests?(積極怎么會(huì)是有毒的呢？它不應(yīng)該是有益的，或者像它的名字所暗示的那樣是“積極的”嗎？)”可知，選項(xiàng)承接上文說明專家對(duì)此的觀點(diǎn)。故F選項(xiàng)“Expertssayconstantforcedpositivitycanleadtotheopposite,andhaveanegativeeffect.(專家表示，持續(xù)的強(qiáng)迫積極可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致相反的結(jié)果，并產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響。)”切題。故選F。【17題詳解】根據(jù)上文“WhitneyGoodman,anotherlicensedpsychotherapist,describestoxicpositivityasthe“endlesspressuretobehappyandpositive,nomatterwhatthecircumstancesare.”(另一位有執(zhí)照的心理治療師WhitneyGoodman將有毒的積極描述為“無論環(huán)境如何，都要保持快樂和積極的無盡壓力?！?”可知，選項(xiàng)承接上文進(jìn)一步總結(jié)所帶來的后果。故G選項(xiàng)“Thisiswhatwemaybringontoourselvesbynotallowingnegativethoughtsandfeelings.(這就是我們不允許消極的想法和感覺給自己帶來的后果。)”切題。故選G。【18題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Toxicpositivitycausesustosuppressouremotions,whichcanmakethemworse.(有毒的積極情緒會(huì)使我們壓抑情緒，從而使情緒變得更糟。)”可知，選項(xiàng)承接上文說明有毒的積極情緒的不良影響。故E選項(xiàng)“Theybecomemoreintenseandcanalsocauselong-lastinghealthconcernsinthefuture.(它們變得更加強(qiáng)烈，也可能在未來造成長(zhǎng)期的健康問題。)”切題。故選E?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)下文““IfIfeellikeyou’regoingtosetmeaside,I’mgoingtostopsharinghowI’mfeeling,”Goodmanadds.(Goodman補(bǔ)充說：“如果我覺得你要把我放在一邊，我就不會(huì)再分享我的感受了?！?”可知，有毒的積極情緒會(huì)破壞人際關(guān)系，故B選項(xiàng)“Toxicpositivityalsointerruptsconnection.(有毒的積極態(tài)度也會(huì)中斷人際關(guān)系。)”切題。故選B?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Ifyou’reusingtoxicpositivityagainstyourself,Goodmansuggestsrememberingit’sOKifyou’re
upsetaboutsomething.It’svalidifsomethingannoysyou.“Allowourselvesandotherpeopletosharewhenthey’regoingthroughadifficulttime,”shesays.Dowdaddsthatit’sessentialthat“wealllearntocopewithandprocessouremotionsinahealthywayasopposedtoavoidinghowwefeel”aslife’sstressorscontinuetorise.(Goodman建議，如果你正在用有害的積極態(tài)度來對(duì)付自己，記住，如果你對(duì)某事感到不安，那也沒關(guān)系。如果有什么事惹惱了你，這是合理的。她說：“讓我們自己和其他人在經(jīng)歷困難的時(shí)候分享?！盌owd補(bǔ)充說，隨著生活壓力的不斷增加，“我們都學(xué)會(huì)以一種健康的方式處理我們的情緒，而不是逃避我們的感受”，這是至關(guān)重要的。)”可知，下文是對(duì)上文有沒有辦法避免有毒的積極性的問題的回答。故A選項(xiàng)“Aretherewaystoavoidtoxicpositivity?(有沒有辦法避免有毒的積極情緒？)”切題。故選A。第三部分英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共20小題;每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C、D)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。OnChristmasof2017,Iwasbornagain.WeliketospendourChristmasholidayssomewherewarmabroad,andthatyearwe___21___Uganda.Nature,wildlife,andsunnydayswerea___22___whenitwasso___23___anddarkinEurope.Lifewasbeautiful,andwehadarentalcarandabusyscheduleaheadtoexplorethecountry.Thisiswherethisshorttravelstoryturnsintooneofmymost___24___travelexperiences.AtMurchinsonFallsNationalPark,wehadacaraccident.Ilost___25___ofthecar,anditrolledover,destroyingwindows,chassis,andtheengine.Butwewerealive!Myrightarmwas___26___injured,butwe___27___towalktoourlodge(小屋),notfarinsidethe___28___.Inthelodge,Iwas___29___tolearnthattherewasaprettydecentAmericanhospitalinMasindithatwasjustaone-hourdriveaway.Moreover,oneofthelodge’sguestswasanursewho____30____thewoundwhilewewerewaitingforthetaxi.Thehospitaltookcareofusandafteracoupleofinjectionsandstitches,Iwas____31____toheadtoournewhotelinMasindi;however,mywoundrequireddaily____32____andmoreinjections,sowewere____33____tostayintownforafewdays.Thetown’shighlightswerethemarketandour____34____visittothehospital,sowe____35____lookingforthesmallthings,____36____withthemedicalstaffandthepeopleinthemarket,andlearningmoreabouttheircustoms.Welearnedtoslowdown.Whenwewereallowedto____37____,wetookaroadtripthroughthecountrytoseesomethingelse.Wedidnotcareaboutourtravel____38____anymore–wewere____39____,andwewantedtoenjoyUganda’suniquenatureanditspeople.Intheend,ourUgandatripwasnotabouttheplacesthatwesaw,butthepeoplethatwemet.Itwastravelfor____40____morethansightseeing.
21.A.recommendedB.choseC.predictedD.finished22.A.blessingB.barrierC.limitationD.balance23.A.oldB.crowdedC.coldD.mysterious24.A.doubtfulB.wonderfulC.scaryD.inspiring25.A.senseB.sightC.controlD.direction26.A.severelyB.permanentlyC.partlyD.deliberately27.A.discoveredB.failedC.continuedD.managed28.A.spotB.valleyC.countryD.park29.A.curiousB.nervousC.surprisedD.happy30.A.cleanedB.curedC.sweptD.observed31.A.fortunateB.gratefulC.readyD.relieved32.A.operationB.dressingC.pressureD.recovery33.A.permittedB.askedC.forbiddenD.taught34.A.occasionalB.dailyC.riskyD.awful35.A.putoffB.carriedonC.insistedonD.endedup36.A.meetingB.arguingC.bargainingD.chatting37.A.exerciseB.wanderC.escapeD.leave38.A.guideB.typeC.scheduleD.budget39.A.awakeB.aloneC.allergicD.alive40.A.experimentB.explanationC.experienceD.reflection【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.C25.C26.A27.D28.D29.D30.A31.C32.B33.B34.B35.D36.D37.D38.C39.D40.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者進(jìn)行安排的烏干達(dá)之旅，因?yàn)橐馔獾能嚨湺兊靡徊ㄈ?。最后，作者感受到烏干達(dá)之行不是關(guān)于我們看到的地方，而是我們遇到的人。這次旅行是為了體驗(yàn)而不是觀光?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們喜歡在溫暖的國(guó)外度過圣誕節(jié)，那年我們選擇了烏干達(dá)。A.recommended記得；B.chose選擇；C.predicted預(yù)計(jì)；D.finished完成。根據(jù)上文“WeliketospendourChristmasholidayssomewherewarmabroad,”喜歡在溫暖的國(guó)外度過圣誕節(jié)，可推知，此處為那年我們選擇了烏干達(dá)。故選B項(xiàng)。
【22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)歐洲又冷又黑的時(shí)候，大自然、野生動(dòng)物和陽(yáng)光明媚的日子是一種幸事。A.blessing幸事；B.barrier障礙；C.limitation限制；D.balance平衡。根據(jù)該句中的“Nature,wildlife,andsunnydays”可推知，此處為大自然、野生動(dòng)物和陽(yáng)光明媚的日子是一種幸事。故選A項(xiàng)。【23題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)歐洲又冷又黑的時(shí)候，大自然、野生動(dòng)物和陽(yáng)光明媚的日子是一種幸事。A.old舊的；B.crowded擁擠的；C.cold冷的；D.mysterious神秘的。根據(jù)上文提到的大自然、野生動(dòng)物和陽(yáng)光明媚的日子是一種祝福。以及該句中的“anddarkinEurope”可推知，此處為當(dāng)歐洲又冷又黑的時(shí)候，大自然、野生動(dòng)物和陽(yáng)光明媚的日子是一種幸事。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：就在這里，這個(gè)簡(jiǎn)短的旅行故事變成了我最可怕的旅行經(jīng)歷之一。A.doubtful懷疑的；B.wonderful極好的；C.scary可怕的；D.inspiring鼓舞人心的。根據(jù)下文“wehadacaraccident.”出了車禍，可推知，此處為這個(gè)簡(jiǎn)短的旅行故事變成了我最可怕的旅行經(jīng)歷之一。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我失去了對(duì)車的控制，車翻了，窗戶、底盤和引擎都被撞壞了。A.sense感覺；B.sight視力；C.control控制；D.direction方向。根據(jù)該句中的“anditrolledover,destroyingwindows,chassis,andtheengine.”可知，此處為我失去了對(duì)車的控制，車翻了，窗戶、底盤和引擎都被撞壞了。故選C項(xiàng)。【26題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我的右臂嚴(yán)重受傷，但我們努力走到離公園不遠(yuǎn)的小屋。A.severely嚴(yán)重地；B.permanently永久地；C.partly部分地；D.deliberately故意地。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境以及該句中的injured可推知，此處為我的右臂嚴(yán)重受傷。故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我的右臂嚴(yán)重受傷，但我們?cè)O(shè)法走到離公園不遠(yuǎn)的小屋。A.discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.failed失敗；C.continued繼續(xù)；D.managed設(shè)法。根據(jù)上文提到的出了車禍，我的右臂嚴(yán)重受傷，可推知，此處為我們努力走到離公園不遠(yuǎn)的小屋。故選D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我的右臂嚴(yán)重受傷，但我們?cè)O(shè)法走到離公園不遠(yuǎn)的小屋。A.spot地點(diǎn)；B.valley山谷；C.country鄉(xiāng)村；D.park公園。根據(jù)上文“AtMurchinsonFallsNationalPark”提到的Park公園，可知，此處為我們努力走到離公園不遠(yuǎn)的小屋。故選D項(xiàng)。
【29題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在小屋里，我很高興地得知，馬辛迪有一家相當(dāng)不錯(cuò)的美國(guó)醫(yī)院，車程只有一個(gè)小時(shí)。A.curious好奇的；B.nervous緊張的；C.surprised驚訝的；D.happy高興的。根據(jù)句意以及該句中的“therewasaprettydecentAmericanhospitalinMasindi”可推知，此處為我很高興地得知，馬辛迪有一家相當(dāng)不錯(cuò)的美國(guó)醫(yī)院。故選D項(xiàng)。【30題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：此外，小屋的一位客人是護(hù)士，在我們等出租車的時(shí)候，她幫我們清洗了傷口。A.cleaned清洗；B.cured治療；C.swept掃除；D.observed觀察。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境以及該句中的thewound，可推知，此處為小屋的一位客人是護(hù)士，在我們等出租車的時(shí)候，她幫我們清洗了傷口。故選A項(xiàng)。【31題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：醫(yī)院照顧好了我們，打了幾針，縫了幾針后，我準(zhǔn)備前往馬辛迪的新酒店。A.fortunate幸運(yùn)的；B.grateful感激的；C.ready準(zhǔn)備好的；D.relieved放心的，寬慰的。根據(jù)句意以及該句中的“toheadtoournewhotelinMasindi”可推知，此處為醫(yī)院照顧好了我們，打了幾針，縫了幾針后，我準(zhǔn)備前往馬辛迪的新酒店。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，我的傷口需要每天包扎和更多的注射，所以我們被要求在小鎮(zhèn)上呆幾天。A.operation手術(shù)；B.dressing（保護(hù)傷口的）敷料；C.pressure壓力；D.recovery恢復(fù)。根據(jù)該句中的“mywoundrequired”以及“andmoreinjections”可知，此處為我的傷口需要每天包扎和更多的注射。故選B項(xiàng)。【33題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，我的傷口需要每天包扎和更多的注射，所以我們被要求在小鎮(zhèn)上呆幾天。A.permitted允許；B.asked要求；C.forbidden禁止；D.taught教。根據(jù)上文提到的傷口需要每天包扎和更多的注射，以及該句中的“tostayintownforafewdays.”可推知，此處為然而，我的傷口需要每天包扎和更多的注射，所以我們被要求在小鎮(zhèn)上呆幾天。故選B項(xiàng)。【34題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)的重點(diǎn)是市場(chǎng)和我們每天都會(huì)去的醫(yī)院，所以我們最后找了一些小東西，和醫(yī)務(wù)人員和市場(chǎng)里的人聊天，了解了更多他們的習(xí)俗。A.occasional偶然的；B.daily每天的；C.risky冒風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的；D.awful可怕的。根據(jù)上文提到的所以我們被要求在小鎮(zhèn)上呆幾天，以及該句中的“visittothehospital”可知，此處為這個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)的重點(diǎn)是市場(chǎng)和我們每天都會(huì)去的醫(yī)院。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：這個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)的重點(diǎn)是市場(chǎng)和我們每天都會(huì)去的醫(yī)院，所以我們最后找了一些小東西，和醫(yī)務(wù)人員和市場(chǎng)里的人聊天，了解了更多他們的習(xí)俗。A.putoff推遲；B.carriedon繼續(xù)；C.insistedon堅(jiān)持；D.endedup結(jié)束。根據(jù)上文提到的這個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)的重點(diǎn)是市場(chǎng)和我們每天都會(huì)去的醫(yī)院，以及該句中的“l(fā)ookingforthesmallthings”可推知，此處為這個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)的重點(diǎn)是市場(chǎng)和我們每天都會(huì)去的醫(yī)院，所以我們最后找了一些小東西。故選D項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)的重點(diǎn)是市場(chǎng)和我們每天都會(huì)去的醫(yī)院，所以我們最后找了一些小東西，和醫(yī)務(wù)人員和市場(chǎng)里的人聊天，了解了更多他們的習(xí)俗。A.meeting見面；B.arguing爭(zhēng)論；C.bargaining討價(jià)還價(jià)；D.chatting聊天。根據(jù)下文“andlearningmoreabouttheircustoms.”可推知，此處為和醫(yī)務(wù)人員和市場(chǎng)里的人聊天，了解了更多他們的習(xí)俗。故選D項(xiàng)。【37題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我們被允許離開時(shí)，我們進(jìn)行了一次公路旅行，穿過這個(gè)國(guó)家去看別的東西。A.exercise鍛煉；B.wander漫游；C.escape逃脫；D.leave離開。根據(jù)下文“wetookaroadtripthroughthecountrytoseesomethingelse.”可推知，此處為當(dāng)我們被允許離開時(shí)，我們進(jìn)行了一次公路旅行，穿過這個(gè)國(guó)家去看別的東西。故選D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們不再關(guān)心我們的旅行計(jì)劃——我們還活著，我們想享受烏干達(dá)獨(dú)特的自然和那里的人文風(fēng)情。A.guide指南；B.type類型；C.schedule日程，計(jì)劃；D.budget預(yù)算。根據(jù)上文提到的“wehadarentalcarandabusyscheduleaheadtoexplorethecountry.”可知，此處為我們不再關(guān)心我們的旅行計(jì)劃——我們還活著。和上文中的schedule相呼應(yīng)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們不再關(guān)心我們的旅行計(jì)劃——我們還活著，我們想享受烏干達(dá)獨(dú)特的自然和那里的人文風(fēng)情。A.awake醒著的；B.alone獨(dú)自的；C.allergic過敏的；D.alive活著的。根據(jù)上文提到的我們不再關(guān)心我們的旅行計(jì)劃，以及下文“andwewantedtoenjoyUganda’suniquenatureanditspeople.”可推知，此處為我們不再關(guān)心我們的旅行計(jì)劃——我們還活著，我們想享受烏干達(dá)獨(dú)特的自然和那里的人文風(fēng)情。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這次旅行是為了體驗(yàn)而不是觀光。A.experiment實(shí)驗(yàn)；B.explanation解釋；C.experience經(jīng)歷；D.reflection反思。根據(jù)句意以及上文“Intheend,ourUgandatripwasnotabouttheplacesthatwesaw,butthepeoplethatwemet.”可推知，此處為這次旅行是為了體驗(yàn)而不是觀光。故選C項(xiàng)。
第三部分英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheastronautsofChina’sShenzhou-15crew___41___(complete)threespacewalkssincetheirjourneyintospacefourmonthsago,accordingtotheChinaMannedSpaceAgency(CMSA).Thethirdspacewalkwasconducted___42___ThursdaybyastronautsFeiJunlongandZhangLu,incollaborationwiththeastronautDengQingming,___43___wasinsidethespacestation.Thepairaccomplishedalltheir___44___(former)scheduledtasksbeforesafelyreturningtothelabmodule(艙)Wentian,theCMSAsaid.BasedonCMSA’saccount,fourcrewhavecarriedout___45___totalof10spacewalkssincetheShenzhou-12mannedmissionin2021,masteringaseriesofkey___46___(technology).Follow-upactivitieswillcontinuetobeconductedregularly___47___planned.Inthepastmonth,theShenzhou-15crewhascompletedvarioustasks,thein-orbitmaintenanceofthespacestation___48___(include).TheStirlingthermoelectricconvertor(斯特林熱電轉(zhuǎn)換器)hasalsocompleteditsin-orbittest.Capableofconvertingthermalenergyintoelectricitywithrelativelyhighefficiency___49___powerdensity(密度),theconvertorisexpected____50____(use)infuturemannedlunarmissionsanddeep-spaceexploration,theCMSAsaid.【答案】41.havecompleted42.on43.who44.formerly45.a46.technologies47.as48.included49and50.tobeused【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了中國(guó)宇航員在太空中的航天任務(wù)?！?1題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：據(jù)中國(guó)載人航天局(CMSA)稱，自四個(gè)月前進(jìn)入太空以來，中國(guó)神舟15號(hào)宇航員已經(jīng)完成了三次太空行走。根據(jù)sincetheirjourneyintospacefourmonthsago可知，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。主語(yǔ)Theastronauts為復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用have。故填havecompleted。【42題詳解】考查介詞。句意：第三次太空行走于周四由宇航員費(fèi)俊龍和張陸與在空間站內(nèi)的宇航員鄧清明合作進(jìn)行。在星期幾的前面介詞用on。故填on。
【43題詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：第三次太空行走于周四由宇航員費(fèi)俊龍和張陸與在空間站內(nèi)的宇航員鄧清明合作進(jìn)行。句中先行詞為theastronautDengQingming，在非限定性定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，所以用關(guān)系代詞who引導(dǎo)。故填who。【44題詳解】考查副詞。句意：中國(guó)航天局表示，兩人在安全返回“文天號(hào)”實(shí)驗(yàn)艙之前完成了所有預(yù)定任務(wù)。形容詞scheduled前用副詞修飾。故填formerly?！?5題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：根據(jù)中國(guó)載人航天局的介紹，自2021年神舟12號(hào)載人航天任務(wù)以來，四名航天員共進(jìn)行了10次太空行走，掌握了一系列關(guān)鍵技術(shù)。atotalof總數(shù)為。故填a?！?6題詳解】考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：根據(jù)中國(guó)載人航天局的介紹，自2021年神舟12號(hào)載人航天任務(wù)以來，四名航天員共進(jìn)行了10次太空行走，掌握了一系列關(guān)鍵技術(shù)。名詞technology為可數(shù)名詞，aseriesof后接名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填technologies。【47題詳解】考查介詞。句意：后續(xù)活動(dòng)將繼續(xù)按計(jì)劃定期開展。asplanned按計(jì)劃。故填as。【48題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：在過去的一個(gè)月里，神舟15號(hào)機(jī)組人員完成了各種任務(wù)，包括空間站的在軌維護(hù)。included表示“包括在內(nèi)”，用于名詞和代詞后。故填included?！?9題詳解】考查連詞。句意：中國(guó)航天局表示，該轉(zhuǎn)換器能夠以相對(duì)較高的效率和功率密度將熱能轉(zhuǎn)化為電能，預(yù)計(jì)將用于未來的載人月球任務(wù)和深空探測(cè)。名詞highefficiency和powerdensity之間為并列關(guān)系，所以用并列連詞and。故填and。【50題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：中國(guó)航天局表示，該轉(zhuǎn)換器能夠以相對(duì)較高效率和功率密度將熱能轉(zhuǎn)化為電能，預(yù)計(jì)將用于未來的載人月球任務(wù)和深空探測(cè)。beexpectedtodosth.被期望做某事。主語(yǔ)theconvertor與use之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用不定式的被動(dòng)式。故填tobeused。第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分35分)第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)(共10小題;每小題1分，滿分10分)51.假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(＼)劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1．每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞;2．只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。MyfavouriteinventorisAlexanderGrahamBell.Atayoungage,Bellstartedtoshowmuchinteresthelpingdeafpeoplecommunicate,whichledtotheirinventionofthemicrophone.Beside,healsoinventedthetelephonein1876.However,atthebeginning,whatheactuallytriedtodesignwasnotatelephonebutamultipletelegraph.Duringhissearchtoimprovethetelegraph,Bellinventsthefirsttelephone.Oneofhismostfamoussayingis:“Leavethebeatentrackoccasionalanddiveintothewoods.Everytimeyoudosoyouwillbecertaintofindsomethingwhichiscompletelynewinyourlife.”Indeed,whatitwashisacutecuriositythatmadehissuccess.Bellwasahonourableinventorallhislife.Hemadehisfirstinventionat11buthislastinventionat75.【答案】1.interest后添加in2.their→his3.Beside→Besides4.invents→invented5.saying→sayings6.occasional→occasionally7.which→that8.刪除what9.a→an10.but→and【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了科學(xué)家AlexanderGrahamBell的重大發(fā)明。【詳解】1.考查介詞。句意：在很小的時(shí)候，貝爾就開始對(duì)幫助聾啞人交流表現(xiàn)出很大的興趣，這導(dǎo)致了他發(fā)明了麥克風(fēng)。短語(yǔ)showmuchinterestin表示“感興趣”。故interest后添加in。2.考查代詞。句意：在很小的時(shí)候，貝爾就開始對(duì)幫助聾啞人交流表現(xiàn)出很大的興趣，這導(dǎo)致了他發(fā)明了麥克風(fēng)。此處指Bell發(fā)明了麥克風(fēng)，應(yīng)用代詞his。故their改為his。3.考查副詞。句意：此外，他還在1876年發(fā)明了電話。表示“此外”修飾后文句子應(yīng)用副詞besides；beside表示“在旁邊”不符合語(yǔ)境。故Beside改為Besides。4.
考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：在他研究改進(jìn)電報(bào)的過程中，貝爾發(fā)明了第一臺(tái)電話。動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。故invents改為invented。5.考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：他最著名的一句話是：“偶爾離開人跡罕至的小路，潛入樹林?！眘aying為可數(shù)名詞，此處為oneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞。故saying改為sayings。6.考查副詞。句意：他最著名的一句話是：“偶爾離開人跡罕至的小路，潛入樹林。”修飾動(dòng)詞leave應(yīng)用副詞occasionally，故occasional改為occasionally。7.考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：每次你這樣做的時(shí)候，你肯定會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)生活中有一些全新的東西。先行詞為something，為不定代詞，在從句作主語(yǔ)，只能用that引導(dǎo)。故which改為that。8.考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句。句意：事實(shí)上，正是他強(qiáng)烈的好奇心成就了他的成功。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知此處為強(qiáng)調(diào)句：itwas+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that。故刪除what。9.考查冠詞。句意：貝爾一生都是一位可敬的發(fā)明家。honourable是發(fā)音以元音音素開頭的單詞，應(yīng)用不定冠詞an。故a改為an。10.考查連詞。句意：他11歲時(shí)完成了第一項(xiàng)發(fā)明，75歲時(shí)完成了最后一項(xiàng)發(fā)明。結(jié)合前后文語(yǔ)境可知為并列關(guān)系，應(yīng)用連詞and。故but改為and。第二節(jié)書面表達(dá)(滿分25分)52.假定你是李華。近期，你所在的城市向中學(xué)生發(fā)起了“最美漢字”投票活動(dòng)。請(qǐng)閱讀下面一則新聞報(bào)道，以“TheMostBeautifulChineseCharacter”為題，向?qū)W校NewBabel英文雜志投稿。內(nèi)容包括：簡(jiǎn)要概括這則新聞；簡(jiǎn)述你最想推薦的漢字及理由；談?wù)勀銓?duì)該活動(dòng)的感想。注意：詞數(shù)100詞左右?？蛇m當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。HighschoolstudentsrecommendrenasmessagetotheworldTheChinesecharacterren,awordthatgenerallymeans“benevolence(仁)”,hasbeenselectedbyhighschoolstudentsinapoll(民意調(diào)查)tohighlightChineseculturearoundtheworld.Thecharacterrenwasselectedby8.33percentofthe3,000respondentswhotookpartinthepoll,accordingtooneoftheorganisers,astudentfromahighschool.Itwasfollowedbythecharactersai,yi,mengandxiao,whichmean‘‘love”,“one”,“dream’’and“filialpiety(孝)”.Thosecharactersrankedinthe“top-20mostbeautifulChinesecharacters”.(ChinaDaily,March6,2022.Page4)TheMostBeautifulChineseCharacter
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Recently,somehighschoolstudentshaveconductedapolltochoosethemostbeautifulChinesecharacter.Amongtensofthousandsofcharacters,“ren,ai,yi,meng,xiao”arestronglyrecommended.Obviously,moststudentsthinkthefivecharacterscarrytypicalChinesecultureintermsoftraditionalbeliefsandcorevaluesconcerningmoralityandethics.Ofthesecharacters,Iputmengonthetopofmylist.Holdingmeng,whichmeansbestwishesforthefuture,oneisnotonlytoseekforopportunitiesforabetterlife,butalsotocreatebrand-newthingsforpeoplearoundtheworld.Personally,Chinesecharactersaresocharmingthattheyaretreasuresofhumancultures.WithdeeploveforChineseculture,weshouldstrivetopromotethemtotheworld.【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本書面表達(dá)是一篇開放作文。要求考生根據(jù)一則新聞報(bào)道，簡(jiǎn)要概括學(xué)生推薦五個(gè)漢字（仁、愛、義、夢(mèng)、孝）的理由，它們的寓意以及自己的感想?！驹斀狻?.詞匯積累組織，進(jìn)行：conduct→carryout顯然：obviously→apparently關(guān)于：concerning→withregardto在我看來：personally→frommypointofview2.句型拓展合并句子原句：Amongtensofthousandsofcharacters,“ren,ai,yi,meng,xiao”arestronglyrecommended.Obviously,moststudentsthinkthefivecharacterscarrytypicalChinesecultureintermsoftraditionalbeliefsandcorevaluesconcerningmoralityandethics.拓展句：Amongtensofthousandsofcharacters,“ren,ai,yi,meng,xiao”arestronglyrecommended,whichmoststudentsthinkcarrytypicalChinesecultureintermsoftraditionalbeliefsandcorevaluesconcerningmoralityand
ethics.【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1]Holdingmeng,whichmeansbestwishesforthefuture,oneisnotonlytoseekforopportunitiesforabetterlife,butalsotocreatebrand-newthingsforpeoplearoundtheworld.（運(yùn)用了which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句）[高分句型2]Obviously,moststudentsthinkthefivecharacterscarrytypicalChinesecultureintermsoftraditionalbeliefsandcorevaluesconcerningmoralityandethics.（運(yùn)用了that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，that已省略）聽力答案：1~5BCAAC6~10ABCAB11~15ABCCC16~20BABCC
