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《四川省南充高級(jí)中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期一模英語(yǔ)題 Word版含解析.docx》由會(huì)員上傳分享，免費(fèi)在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容在教育資源-天天文庫(kù)。
英語(yǔ)試題時(shí)間：120分鐘總分：150分注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，務(wù)必將自己的姓名、班級(jí)、考號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡規(guī)定的位置上。2.答選擇題時(shí)，必須使用2B鉛筆將答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑，如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案標(biāo)號(hào)。3.答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案書(shū)寫(xiě)在答題卡相應(yīng)位置上，寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。4.考試結(jié)束后，將答題卡交回。第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5，滿分7.5)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.1.Whatdoesthewomanintendtodo?A.Takeaphoto.B.Rowaboat.C.Haveapicnic.2.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inthehospital.B.Onthebus.C.Atthebusstation.3.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Gotothebathroom.B.Buyanumbrella.C.Callataxi.4.WhatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenAndyandMona?A.Brotherandsister.B.Schoolmates.C.Friends.5.Whatisthegirldoing?A.Makingacomplaint.B.Makinganexcuse.C.Readingastory.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5，滿分22.5)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhydoesthewomanfailtouseWi-Fi?
A.TheWi-Fihasbrokendown.B.Shegotthepasswordwrong.C.Herphoneisoutoforder.7.Whatisthewomanlikelytodonext?A.Watchavideo.B.Meethermother.C.Sendamessage.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whatkindofjeansdoesthemanneed?A.Slim.B.Regular.C.Relaxed.9.Whatdoesthemandislikeaboutthefirstpairofjeans?A.Itscolor.B.Itsmaterial.C.Itslength.10Whatdoesthemanaskthewomanfor?A.Adiscount.B.Areceipt.C.Afreegift.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussingatfirst?A.Aphrase.B.Adesert.C.Abook.12.Whywillthewoman’sunclemoveoutofthetown?A.Hecan’tgetonwiththelocals.B.Hehasgotanewjobinacity.C.Hefindsitinconvenienttolivethere.13.Wherewillthemanprobablygonext?A.Tohishome.B.Toarestaurant.C.Toapostoffice.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.Whomakesthewomanfeelstressed?A.Herboss.B.Herparents.C.Herclients.15.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Getsomerest.B.Quitherjob.C.Applyforaproject.16.Howdoesthemansoundintheend?A.Considerate.B.Uninterested.C.Humorous.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WheredidHughespassaway?A.InFlorida.B.InGeorgia.C.InNewYork.
18.WhatdidHughesdo?A.Arealestateagent.B.Asinger.C.Awriter.19.WhichmagazinedidSteinemco-foundwithHughes?A.Ms.Magazine.B.NewYorkMagazine.C.Children’sMagazine.20.WhatdidHughesencourageSteinemtodo?A.Travelacrossthecountry.B.Devotetochildren’swelfare.C.Makepublicspeeches.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A，B，C，和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳答案，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ASuperbSpringGardensSunshineonyourface,thescentofblossomintheair,thedreamysongofablackbird.Whatbetterwaytowhileawayaspringdaythaninacountrygardenfilledwithflowerslikemagnolia,rhododendron,primula,iris,daffodilsorbluebells?Hereareafourofthebest.LONDONTheSaviliGardenEgham,Surrey.Opendaily.PartoftheWindsorGreatParkestate,withoneofthecountry’sfinestplantcollections.AptlynamedSpringWoodisplantedwithmagnoliaandrhododendron,includingmanyLoderihybrids,theflowersofwhicharedeliciouslyscented,whiletheAzaleaWalkisatitspeakinmidtolateMay.Brilliantforfamilieswithagreatcafe,too.windsorgreatpark.co.uk/enWALESBodnantGardenNearColwynBay,Clwyd.Opendaily.RightlyconsideredoneoftheUK’sfinestgardens,BodnantspringstolifewithpoolsofdaffodilsinOldParkMeadow,alongwithnationalcollectionsofmagnoliaandrhododendron.Extensiveplantingsofcherryfillthegardenwithsweetscentinmid-spring,alongsideplentifulbluebells.Fortheseweeksfrommid-May,thefamousLaburnumArch,alongwalkwaywithgolden-yellowflowers,aloneisworthavisittoexperienceit.01492650460,nationaltrust.org.uk/bodnant-gardenSCOTLANDYORKSHIRE
ArduaineGardenNearOban,Argyll.Opendailyfrom1April.SetonScotland’swestcoastamidstunningscenery,thisbeautifulgardenbenefitsfromtheinfluenceoftheGulfStream.NowinthecareoftheNationalTrustforScotland,thehistoricgardenfeaturedover200rhododendronsbythe1920s,whicharestillspringhighlights,asarestandsofprimulaandiris.Buttherealstarsarethestretchesofcolourfulandjaw-droppinglybeautifulHimalayanplants.01852200366,nationaltrust.org.uk/arduain-gardenTheHimalayanGardenGrewelthorpe,NorthYorkshire.Opendailyfrom12April.SetinavalleybetweenHarrogateandRipon,thisgardenfeatureshundredsofnativeHimalayanplantsinasettingthatisperhapsascloseasyoucangettobeinginanactualHimalayanvalley—especiallyonamistymorning.Manyoftherhododendronsarewildspecies,collectedandgrownfromseedandnowintheirmatureprime.01765658009,himalayangarden.com1.Whichgardenshouldyouvisitifyou’reintodaffodils?A.TheSaviliGarden.B.BodnantGarden.C.ArduaineGarden.D.TheHimalayanGarden.2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.Allfourgardensboastmagnoliaandrhododendron.B.TwogardensareopentothepubliconlyduringApril.C.TheNationalTrusttakescareoftwoofthefourgardens.D.Touristscancalltoknowmoreaboutthefourgardens.3.What’sthepurposeofthepage?A.TointroducethebeautyofthesuperbspringgardensintheUK.B.Tourgegardenloverstovisitthewebsitesofthefourgardens.C.TopromotedifferentregionsintheUKbyintroducingtheirgardens.D.Toadvertisefourspringgardensandencouragevisitstothem.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了四個(gè)最適合春天觀賞的花園?！?題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“BodnantGarden”下面的“RightlyconsideredoneoftheUK’sfinestgardens,BodnantspringstolifewithpoolsofdaffodilsinOldParkMeadow,alongwithnationalcollectionsofmagnoliaandrhododendron.(Bodnant被理所當(dāng)然地認(rèn)為是英國(guó)最漂亮的花園之一，憑借OldParkMeadow中的水仙花池以及國(guó)家收藏的木蘭花和杜鵑花，它煥發(fā)了生機(jī)。)”可知，喜歡水仙花的人可以參觀BodnantGarden。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“BodnantGarden”下面的網(wǎng)址“nationaltrust.org.uk/bodnant-garden”可推測(cè)出，BodnantGarden由TheNationalTrust管轄。根據(jù)“ArduaineGarden”下面的“NowinthecareoftheNationalTrustforScotland(現(xiàn)在由蘇格蘭TheNationalTrust負(fù)責(zé))”可知，ArduaineGarden由TheNationalTrust管轄。由此可知，TheNationalTrust管理四個(gè)花園中的兩個(gè)，C正確。故選C。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章標(biāo)題“SuperbSpringGardens(極棒的春天花園)”、第一段中的“Hereareafourofthebest.(這里有四個(gè)最好的。)”以及表格內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹四個(gè)最適合春天觀賞的花園，鼓勵(lì)游客參觀。故選D。BIn1959,Handlerchangedhowtoydollsweremadewhensheintroduced“Barbie”totheworld.Withhermaturefigure,Barbiewasoneofthefirst“grown-up”dollstohittheretailmarket.Handlerwantedtocreateatoythatwasdifferentfromthebabydollsthatdominatedlittlegirls’toyboxes.Shewantedadollthatgirlscouldprojecttheirfuturedreamsuponandallowedforlimitlessclothingandcareerchoices.Inspiredbypaperdollsofthetime,Handler,tomuchdisagreement,madesureBarbiehadthebodyofagrownwoman.“MyownphilosophyofBarbie,”Handlerwroteinherautobiography,“wasthatthroughthedoll,thelittlegirlcouldbeanythingshewantedtobe.Barbiealwaysrepresentedthefactthatawomanhadchoices.”There’sevenaBarbieforcancerpatients—BraveBarbie—apartnershipbetweenMattelandCureSearchthatsendsabald(光頭的)Barbietofamiliesaffectedbycancer.“GiftingmydaughteraBarbiewhosufferedfromcancerwastremendous,”Michelle,acancersurvivorsaid,“WewouldplaywiththatBarbietogetherandI’dheartbreakinglywatchherpretendtotakethedolltothehospitalforchemo(化療),orplaceitslongwigontopofitsheadandtellthedoll‘It’stimetobebeautifulagain.’”BaldBarbiewassuperbraveandwentonawesomeadventuresafterchemo.Sometimesshefeltsickandneededtosleep,butwouldfeelmuchbetterafterarest.BaldBarbiealwaysbeatthecancerandwentontolivealongandhappylifewithherfamily.ThatBarbiebecamesomuchmorethanaplasticdoll—shewasameansof
communicationandacopingmechanismduringanextremelydistressingtimeforlittlefamilies.4.WhydidHandlercreateBarbie?A.Tomakeahitintheretailmarket.B.Toappealtogirlswithherdiverseoutfits.C.Todoaprojectonwomen’scareerchoices.D.Toinspiregirlstomakechoicesastheywish.5.HowmightMichellefeelwhenwatchingherdaughterwithBraveBarbie?A.Sadyetcomforted.B.Enviousyetproud.C.Overwhelmedandashamed.D.Heartbrokenandregretful.6.WhatdoesBraveBarbiemeantoMichelle’sfamily?A.Areliableemotionalsupport.B.Aglueforbrokenrelationships.C.Aneffectivepracticaltreatment.D.Asecretmediumofnegotiation.7.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Amedicaljournal.B.Acharitybrochure.C.Afinancialreport.D.Astorycollection.【答案】4.D5.A6.A7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了Handler創(chuàng)造芭比娃娃的初衷，以及其中一個(gè)名為BraveBarbie的洋娃娃對(duì)一個(gè)癌癥女孩的幫助?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“Shewantedadollthatgirlscouldprojecttheirfuturedreamsuponandallowedforlimitlessclothingandcareerchoices.(她想要一個(gè)女孩們可以投射未來(lái)夢(mèng)想的娃娃，并允許無(wú)限的服裝和職業(yè)選擇)”和第三段的“thelittlegirlcouldbeanythingshewantedtobe.Barbiealwaysrepresentedthefactthatawomanhadchoices.(通過(guò)這個(gè)娃娃，小女孩可以成為任何她想成為的人。芭比娃娃一直代表著女性擁有選擇權(quán)的事實(shí))”可推知，Handler創(chuàng)造Barbie的目的是讓激勵(lì)女孩根據(jù)自己的意愿做出選擇。故選D。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的““GiftingmydaughteraBarbiewhosufferedfromcancerwastremendous,”Michelle,acancersurvivorsaid,“WewouldplaywiththatBarbietogetherandI’dheartbreakinglywatchherpretendtotakethedolltothehospitalforchemo(化療),orplaceitslongwigontopofitsheadandtellthedoll‘It’stimetobebeautifulagain.’”(“送給我患癌癥的女兒一個(gè)芭比娃娃真是太棒了，”癌癥幸存者米歇爾說(shuō)，“給我的女兒一個(gè)患了癌癥的芭比娃娃是一件非常美妙的事情。我們會(huì)一起玩那個(gè)芭比娃娃，我心碎地看著她假裝帶著芭比娃娃去醫(yī)院化療，或者把它的長(zhǎng)假發(fā)戴在它的頭上，告訴它
‘是時(shí)候變漂亮了’”)”可推知，Michelle看到女兒和BraveBarbie一起感到欣慰的同時(shí)也很難過(guò)。故選A。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“BaldBarbiealwaysbeatthecancerandwentontolivealongandhappylifewithherfamily.ThatBarbiebecamesomuchmorethanaplasticdoll—shewasameansofcommunicationandacopingmechanismduringanextremelydistressingtimeforlittlefamilies.(禿頭芭比總是戰(zhàn)勝癌癥，并繼續(xù)與她的家人過(guò)著漫長(zhǎng)而幸福的生活。芭比娃娃不僅僅是一個(gè)塑料娃娃——她是一個(gè)溝通的工具，也是一個(gè)在小家庭極度痛苦時(shí)期的應(yīng)對(duì)機(jī)制)”可推知，BraveBarbie對(duì)于米歇爾一家而言是可靠的情感支持，幫助女兒和這個(gè)家庭應(yīng)對(duì)極度痛苦的階段。故選A。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，文章主要講述了Handler創(chuàng)造芭比娃娃的初衷，以及其中一個(gè)名為BraveBarbie的洋娃娃對(duì)一個(gè)癌癥女孩和其家庭的幫助。由此推知，本文很有可能來(lái)自一本故事集。故選D。CItisreportedthatabout14percentofAmericansagedover12havetroubleinhearing.Andhearinglossincreasesdramaticallyto50percentormoreforthoseagedover70.Itoftencomesonsograduallythatmanyignoreit.Onlyanestimated15to25percentofadultswouldusehearingaids,andtheuseislowestamongpeoplewhohavelessaccesstohealthcare.However,recentresearchhasrevealedthatevenmildormoderatehearinglossinolderadultsisassociatedwithcognitive(認(rèn)知)decline.Olderadultswithhearinglossaremorelikelytodevelopdementia(癡呆),andthelikelihoodincreaseswiththeseverityoftheloss.InJuly,FrankR.Lin,aprofessorfromJohnsHopkinsUniversity,presentedresultsfromafirst-of-its-kindrandomizedclinicaltrial.Participantsare977adultsagedbetween70and84,includingthosewhohavemoreriskfactorsfordevelopingdementiaandthosewhoarerelativelyhealthy.Theyreceivedbest-practicehearingcare,includinghearingaids.Threeyearslater,hearingaidsdidmakeadifferencetotheparticipantsincognitivedecline.Especiallyforthosewhowereatthehigherriskfordementia,a48percentcutinriskofcognitivedeclinecouldbemadeiftheygothearingaids.Whenhearinglossisuntreated,thebrain’sorganizationchanges,saysAnuSharma,anauditoryneuroscientistoftheUniversityofColoradoBoulder.Inadultswithmildhearingloss,studiesshowadecreaseingraymatter(灰質(zhì))inbrain.Sharmafoundearlysignsthatvisionandtouchareasofthebraincoverandchangeunderusedhearingareas.Adultswithhearinglossalsoshowmoreactivityinworkingmemoryareas.Theyneedtomakeextraeffortsjusttolisten,Sharmasays,whichmayexhaustcognitivereserves.Hearinglossisalsoassociatedwithmorefalls,higherhealth-carecosts,andincreasedlonelinessandsocial
isolation.“Hearingisfundamentaltohealthyaging,”saysNicholasReed,whoworkedwithFrankR.Linonthecognitive-declinestudy.8.Whatcanwelearnfromthefiguresinthefirstparagraph?A.Americanspayspecialattentiontotheirhearing.B.Americansareunawareofdangerofhearingloss.C.ManyAmericanswithhearinglossstayuntreated.D.MostAmericansaresufferingserioushearingloss.9.WhatdidFrankR.Lin’sclinicaltrialreveal?A.Hearingaidshelpedreducecognitivedecline.B.Hearingaidsworkedonhealthypeople.C.Cognitivedeclinecouldresultinhearingloss.D.Cognitivedeclinewasunrelatedtoage.10.Whatisparagraph4centredon?A.Whatsignwillappearbeforelosinghearing.B.Howhearinglossimpactscognitivedecline.C.Whyhearinglossisleftuntreatedbypeople.D.Howourbraindiscouragescognitivedecline.11.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Hearingloss—anewfactorconnectedwithdementiaB.Cognitivedecline,causedbymorethanhearinglossC.Dementia—anincurablebutpreventablediseaseD.Hearingloss,havinglimitedaccesstohealthcare【答案】8.C9.A10.B11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了研究表明，老年人的聽(tīng)力損失與認(rèn)知能力下降有關(guān)。有聽(tīng)力損失的老年人更容易患癡呆癥，而且這種可能性隨著聽(tīng)力損失的嚴(yán)重程度而增加?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Itisreportedthatabout14percentofAmericansagedover12havetroubleinhearing.Andhearinglossincreasesdramaticallyto50percentormoreforthoseagedover70.Itoftencomesonsograduallythatmanyignoreit.Onlyanestimated15to25percentofadultswouldusehearingaids,andtheuseislowestamongpeoplewhohavelessaccesstohealthcare.”（據(jù)報(bào)道，大約14%的12
歲以上的美國(guó)人有聽(tīng)力障礙。對(duì)于70歲以上的人來(lái)說(shuō)，聽(tīng)力損失會(huì)急劇增加到50%或更多。它的發(fā)生往往是如此緩慢，以至于許多人都忽略了它。據(jù)估計(jì)，只有15%到25%的成年人會(huì)使用助聽(tīng)器，而在獲得醫(yī)療保健機(jī)會(huì)較少的人群中，助聽(tīng)器的使用率最低。）可推知，我們可以從第一段的數(shù)字中了解到許多聽(tīng)力受損的美國(guó)人沒(méi)有得到治療。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Threeyearslater,hearingaidsdidmakeadifferencetotheparticipantsincognitivedecline.Especiallyforthosewhowereatthehigherriskfordementia,a48percentcutinriskofcognitivedeclinecouldbemadeiftheygothearingaids.”（三年后，助聽(tīng)器確實(shí)對(duì)認(rèn)知衰退的參與者產(chǎn)生了影響。特別是對(duì)于那些患癡呆癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)較高的人來(lái)說(shuō)，如果他們戴上助聽(tīng)器，認(rèn)知能力下降的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)可以降低48%。）可知，F(xiàn)rankR.Lin的臨床試驗(yàn)揭示了助聽(tīng)器有助于減少認(rèn)知能力下降。故選A項(xiàng)。【10題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“Whenhearinglossisuntreated,thebrain’sorganizationchanges,saysAnuSharma,anauditoryneuroscientistoftheUniversityofColoradoBoulder.Inadultswithmildhearingloss,studiesshowadecreaseingraymatterinbrain.Sharmafoundearlysignsthatvisionandtouchareasofthebraincoverandchangeunderusedhearingareas.Adultswithhearinglossalsoshowmoreactivityinworkingmemoryareas.Theyneedtomakeextraeffortsjusttolisten,Sharmasays,whichmayexhaustcognitivereserves.”（科羅拉多大學(xué)博爾德分校(UniversityofColoradoBoulder)的聽(tīng)覺(jué)神經(jīng)科學(xué)家阿努·夏爾馬(AnuSharma)說(shuō)，如果聽(tīng)力損失得不到治療，大腦的組織就會(huì)發(fā)生變化。在輕度聽(tīng)力損失的成年人中，研究表明大腦灰質(zhì)減少。夏爾馬發(fā)現(xiàn)早期跡象表明，大腦的視覺(jué)和觸覺(jué)區(qū)域覆蓋并改變了未充分利用的聽(tīng)覺(jué)區(qū)域。患有聽(tīng)力損失的成年人在工作記憶區(qū)域也表現(xiàn)出更多的活動(dòng)。他們需要付出額外的努力來(lái)傾聽(tīng)，Sharma說(shuō)，這可能會(huì)耗盡認(rèn)知儲(chǔ)備。）可知，第4段的重點(diǎn)講的是聽(tīng)力損失如何影響認(rèn)知能力下降。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章大意以及第二段“However,recentresearchhasrevealedthatevenmildormoderatehearinglossinolderadultsisassociatedwithcognitive(認(rèn)知的)decline.Olderadultswithhearinglossaremorelikelytodevelopdementia(癡呆),andthelikelihoodincreaseswiththeseverityoftheloss.”（然而，最近的研究表明，即使是老年人輕度或中度的聽(tīng)力損失也與認(rèn)知能力下降有關(guān)。有聽(tīng)力損失的老年人更容易患癡呆癥，而且這種可能性隨著聽(tīng)力損失的嚴(yán)重程度而增加。）可知，文章主要講的研究表明，老年人的聽(tīng)力損失與認(rèn)知能力下降有關(guān)。有聽(tīng)力損失的老年人更容易患癡呆癥，而且這種可能性隨著聽(tīng)力損失的嚴(yán)重程度而增加。故文章的標(biāo)題是“聽(tīng)力損失——與癡呆有關(guān)的新因素”。故選A項(xiàng)。DDoyourememberallthoseyearswhenscientistsarguedthatsmokingwouldkillusbutthedoubtersinsisted
thatwedidn’tknowforsure?Thattheevidencewasnotenough,thescienceuncertain?Theyeventhoughtthattheanti-smokinggroupwasouttodestroyourwayoflifeandthegovernmentshouldstayoutoftheway.LotsofAmericansbelievedthatnonsense,andoverthreedecades,some10millionsmokerswenttoearlygraves.Thereareupsettingsimilaritiestoday,asscientiststrytoawakenustothegrowingthreatofglobalwarming.ThelatestwasanexpertgroupfromtheNationalAcademyofSciences,tellingusthattheEarth’satmosphereisdefinitelywarmingandthattheproblemislargelyman-made.ThepresidentoftheNationalAcademy,BruceAlberts,addedthat“Scienceneverhasalltheanswers.Butsciencedoesprovideuswiththebestavailableguidetothefuture,anditiscriticalthatournationandtheworldbaseimportantpoliciesonthebestjudgmentsthatsciencecanprovideconcerningthefutureconsequencesofpresentactions.”Justasonsmoking,voicesnowcomefrommanyquartersinsistingthatthescienceaboutglobalwarmingisincomplete,thatit’sOKtokeeppouringsmokeintotheairuntilweknowforsure.Thisisadangerousgame:bythetime100percentoftheevidenceisin,itmaybetoolate.Withtherisksobviousandgrowing,acarefulpeoplewouldtakeoutaninsurancepolicynow.Fortunately,thegovernmentisstartingtopayattention.Butit’sobviousthatamajorityofthepresident’sadvisersstilldon’ttakeglobalwarmingseriously.Insteadofaplanofaction,theycontinuetoaskformoreresearch—aclassiccaseof“paralysisbyanalysis”.Toserveasresponsiblekeepersoftheplanet,wemustpressforwardondeeperatmosphericandoceanicresearch.Butresearchaloneisinadequate.Thelegislative(立法的)actionshouldbetakentoprotecttheplanet,andtoprotectourselves.12.WhatstatementdidlotsofAmericansagreewith?A.Smokingwascloselyconnectedwithdeath.B.Peoplehadthefreedomtochoosetheirownwayoflife.C.Thenumberofearlydeathsofsmokerswassmall.D.Anti-smokingpeoplewereusuallytalkingnonsense.13.AccordingtoBruceAlberts,whatcanscienceserveas?A.Aguide.B.Ajudge.C.Acritic.D.Aprotector.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“paralysisbyanalysis”inparagraph4mean?A.Endlessstudieskillaction.B.Carefulinvestigationrevealstruth.C.Adequateplanningensuressuccess.D.Extensiveresearchhelpsdecision-making.15.Whydoestheauthorassociatetheissueofglobalwarmingwiththatofsmoking?A.Bothofthemareignoredbythegovernment.
B.Alessonfromthelattercanbeappliedtotheformer.C.Theoutcomeofthelatterworsenstheformer.D.Bothofthemhaveturnedfrombadtoworse.【答案】12.B13.A14.A15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇議論文，主要講述了全球變暖問(wèn)題與吸煙問(wèn)題在科學(xué)面前有相似之處，都很難引起人們的重視，并呼吁進(jìn)行研究和立法來(lái)保護(hù)我們的地球。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Theyeventhoughtthattheanti-smokinggroupwasouttodestroyourwayoflifeandthegovernmentshouldstayoutoftheway.(他們甚至認(rèn)為反吸煙組織是要破壞我們的生活方式，政府應(yīng)該置身事外。)”可知，吸煙的支持者認(rèn)為反吸煙組織在破壞他們的生活方式，希望政府不要管，由此可推測(cè)出，他們同意人們有選擇自己生活方式的自由。故選B?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中BruceAlberts的話“sciencedoesprovideuswiththebestavailableguidetothefuture”可知，他認(rèn)為科學(xué)確實(shí)為我們的未來(lái)提供了最好的指導(dǎo)，由此可推測(cè)出，科學(xué)可充當(dāng)指引。故選A。【14題詳解】短語(yǔ)猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Insteadofaplanofaction,theycontinuetoaskformoreresearch”可知，總統(tǒng)的顧問(wèn)沒(méi)有指定行動(dòng)計(jì)劃，而是繼續(xù)要求更多的研究，“aclassiccaseof‘paralysisbyanalysis’”在這里是對(duì)前面的總結(jié)。由此可推測(cè)出，paralysisbyanalysis意為“分析癱瘓”，在這里可理解為無(wú)休無(wú)止的研究最終會(huì)阻止采取行動(dòng)。故選A?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Thereareupsettingsimilaritiestoday,asscientiststrytoawakenustothegrowingthreatofglobalwarming.(今天，當(dāng)科學(xué)家們?cè)噲D喚醒我們意識(shí)到全球變暖日益嚴(yán)重的威脅時(shí)，有著令人不安的相似之處。)”、第三段“Justasonsmoking,voicesnowcomefrommanyquartersinsistingthatthescienceaboutglobalwarmingisincomplete,thatit’sOKtokeeppouringsmokeintotheairuntilweknowforsure.Thisisadangerousgame:bythetime100percentoftheevidenceisin,itmaybetoolate.Withtherisksobviousandgrowing,acarefulpeoplewouldtakeoutaninsurancepolicynow.(就像關(guān)于吸煙一樣，現(xiàn)在來(lái)自許多方面的聲音堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為，關(guān)于全球變暖的科學(xué)是不完整的，在我們確定之前，繼續(xù)向空氣中傾倒煙霧是可以的。這是一場(chǎng)危險(xiǎn)的游戲：當(dāng)100%的證據(jù)都出來(lái)時(shí)，可能為時(shí)已晚。隨著風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的明顯和增長(zhǎng)，謹(jǐn)慎的人現(xiàn)在會(huì)購(gòu)買(mǎi)保險(xiǎn)。)”和最后一段“Toserveasresponsiblekeepersoftheplanet,wemustpressforward
ondeeperatmosphericandoceanicresearch.Butresearchaloneisinadequate.Thelegislative(立法的)actionshouldbetakentoprotecttheplanet,andtoprotectourselves.(為了成為地球負(fù)責(zé)任的守護(hù)者，我們必須推進(jìn)更深層次的大氣和海洋研究。但僅憑研究是不夠的。應(yīng)該采取立法行動(dòng)來(lái)保護(hù)地球，保護(hù)我們自己。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為，全球變暖問(wèn)題和吸煙問(wèn)題有相似之處，科學(xué)家很難使人們接受這兩個(gè)問(wèn)題的嚴(yán)重性，而結(jié)合吸煙問(wèn)題的后果可知，直到有充分的證據(jù)后才保護(hù)環(huán)境，這可能為時(shí)已晚，最后作者呼吁進(jìn)行研究和立法來(lái)保護(hù)地球。由此可推測(cè)出，作者將兩個(gè)問(wèn)題聯(lián)系起來(lái)是因?yàn)槲覀儚奈鼰焼?wèn)題上得到的教訓(xùn)可以應(yīng)用在全球變暖問(wèn)題上。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處得最佳選項(xiàng)。Howtocommunicatecomplexinformation?Didyoueverhavetoreadapresentationwhereyoufeltlikeyou’relostinconfusingterms,dataandconcepts?Areyougivingothersthissameexperience?___16___Buttherearewaysyoucansimplifyyourpresentationandreengageyouraudience.Here’showyoucangetcomplexinformationacross.Useinteractivecontent.Itgetsthereadersmoreinvolvedinyourpresentationbylettingthemplayanactivepart.___17___Beyondthat,questionnairesandchatbotsprovidepersonalizedandspecificanswerstoreadersaspartofyourpresentation.Makingyourpresentationinteractiveusedtobehard,butnowyoucanjustuseStorydoc.Gomakeyourfirstinteractivepresentation.It’seasyaspie.___18___Noonewillreadapresentationwithathousandwords.Doeveryoneafavoranduseimages.Imagescanbesupereffectiveatcommunicatingcomplexinformationandsaveyoualotofneedlesstext.Infact,visualrepresentationofdataandconceptscanoftenconveywhatwordscannot.Usediagramsandimagestoillustrateyourpointsandsimplifythecomplex.Narrateyourcontent.___19___Whetherit’sthroughtexttospeechAlorvideobubbles,centeringyourpresentationaroundastorycanhelpguideyouraudiencethroughthecomplexity,makingitmoredigestible,engaging,andmemorable.Useexamplesandfables.Theycanhelpexplainclearlythecomplexityofideasfortheyarewhatwe’vealreadyknownandunderstood.___20___Moreimportantly,therealsecretliesinselectingexamplesthatarenotjustfamiliarbutalsodeeplyrelevant-thosearetheonesthatwilltrulyringwithyourlistenersA.Show,don’ttellB.Makeeverywordcount.C.ThismakesthecomplexconceptslessnewandmorefamiliarD.Ifyoudon’tsoundexcited,thelistenerswon’tfeelexcitedeither
E.Storytellingisanotherpowerfultoolforcommunicatingcomplexconcepts.F.CommunicatingcomplexinformationisacommonchallengeinpresentationsG.Forexample,allowthemtochoosethecontentroutetheywishtotakeandcontrolthepace.【答案】16.F17.G18.A19.E20.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要就如何傳遞復(fù)雜的信息提出了一系列的建議?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)空前“Didyoueverhavetoreadapresentationwhereyoufeltlikeyou’relostinconfusingterms,dataandconcepts?Areyougivingothersthissameexperience?(你是否曾經(jīng)讀過(guò)一篇演講，感覺(jué)自己迷失在混亂的術(shù)語(yǔ)、數(shù)據(jù)和概念中？你會(huì)給別人同樣的經(jīng)歷嗎？)”可知空前就交流中可能出現(xiàn)的術(shù)語(yǔ)、數(shù)據(jù)和概念的混亂提出了兩個(gè)問(wèn)題，根據(jù)空后“Buttherearewaysyoucansimplifyyourpresentationandreengageyouraudience.Here’showyoucangetcomplexinformationacross.(但是有一些方法可以簡(jiǎn)化你的演講并重新吸引你的聽(tīng)眾。下面是如何傳遞復(fù)雜信息的方法。)”可知此處指出有一些可以傳遞復(fù)雜信息的方法，空處承上啟下，所以空處應(yīng)該提出傳遞復(fù)雜信息這個(gè)話題，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)Communicatingcomplexinformationisacommonchallengeinpresentations.(在演講中，傳達(dá)復(fù)雜的信息是一個(gè)常見(jiàn)的挑戰(zhàn)。)提出傳遞復(fù)雜信息這個(gè)話題，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選F項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)空前“Useinteractivecontent.Itgetsthereadersmoreinvolvedinyourpresentationbylettingthemplayanactivepart.(使用交互式內(nèi)容。這會(huì)讓讀者更積極地參與到你的演講中來(lái)。)”可知本段的建議是使用交互式內(nèi)容，根據(jù)空后“Beyondthat,questionnairesandchatbotsprovidepersonalizedandspecificanswerstoreadersaspartofyourpresentation.(除此之外，問(wèn)卷調(diào)查和聊天機(jī)器人為讀者提供個(gè)性化和具體的答案，作為你演講的一部分。)”可知此處仍然講的是交互式內(nèi)容的好處，空處呈上啟下，所以空處應(yīng)該就空前所提到的交互式內(nèi)容舉出例子，G項(xiàng)Forexample,allowthemtochoosethecontentroutetheywishtotakeandcontrolthepace.(例如，允許他們選擇他們想要的內(nèi)容路線并控制節(jié)奏。)舉例說(shuō)明如何使用交互式內(nèi)容，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選G項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】空處位于句首，應(yīng)是本段的主旨句。根據(jù)空后“Noonewillreadapresentationwithathousandwords.Doeveryoneafavoranduseimages.(沒(méi)有人會(huì)讀一篇一千字的報(bào)告。幫大家一個(gè)忙，使用圖片。)”可知此處講的是要善于運(yùn)用圖片而不是篇幅較長(zhǎng)的文字來(lái)展示自己所講的內(nèi)容，所以空處的建議應(yīng)該是運(yùn)用展示而不是講的方式來(lái)傳遞復(fù)雜信息，A項(xiàng)Show,don’ttell(展示，不要告訴)指出要用展示的方式，概括了本段的主旨大意，符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選A項(xiàng)。
【19題詳解】根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“Narrateyourcontent.(敘述你的內(nèi)容。)”可知本段的建議是運(yùn)用講故事的方式來(lái)傳遞復(fù)雜信息，根據(jù)空后“Whetherit’sthroughtexttospeechAlorvideobubbles,centeringyourpresentationaroundastorycanhelpguideyouraudiencethroughthecomplexity,makingitmoredigestible,engaging,andmemorable.(無(wú)論是通過(guò)文本到語(yǔ)音還是視頻氣泡，以故事為中心的演講都可以幫助引導(dǎo)觀眾理解復(fù)雜的內(nèi)容，使其更容易理解、更吸引人、更難忘。)”可知此處講的仍然是通過(guò)講故事的形式來(lái)傳遞信息的好處，所以空后應(yīng)該對(duì)這一建議所能采用的方法進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步的解釋?zhuān)珽項(xiàng)Storytellingisanotherpowerfultoolforcommunicatingcomplexconcepts.(講故事是傳達(dá)復(fù)雜概念的另一個(gè)強(qiáng)大工具。)指出了講故事是敘述的傳達(dá)復(fù)雜概念的一種強(qiáng)大工具，符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選E項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)空前“Useexamplesandfables.Theycanhelpexplainclearlythecomplexityofideasfortheyarewhatwe’vealreadyknownandunderstood.(使用例子和表格。它們可以幫助我們清楚地解釋思想的復(fù)雜性，因?yàn)樗鼈兪俏覀円呀?jīng)知道和理解的。)”可知本段的建議是使用例子和表格來(lái)傳遞復(fù)雜信息，根據(jù)空后“Moreimportantly,therealsecretliesinselectingexamplesthatarenotjustfamiliarbutalsodeeplyrelevant-thosearetheonesthatwilltrulyringwithyourlisteners.(更重要的是，真正的秘訣在于選擇那些不僅熟悉而且非常相關(guān)的例子——那些能真正引起聽(tīng)眾共鳴的例子。)”可知此處依舊講的使用例子的好處，空處承上啟下，所以空處應(yīng)該講的是運(yùn)用例子和表格來(lái)傳遞復(fù)雜信息的好處，C項(xiàng)Thismakesthecomplexconceptslessnewandmorefamiliar.(這使得復(fù)雜的概念不再那么新鮮，而是更加熟悉。)指出使用例子和表格來(lái)傳遞復(fù)雜信息的好處，符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選C項(xiàng)。第三部分英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用第一節(jié)(共20小題;每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從短文后每題所給的A，B，C，和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Iarossiisa10-year-oldsoftballplayerfromTampa,FL.Shewastiredofhavingherpracticescanceledbecauseofan____21____betweengirlsandboyssports.Hercommunityhasmanybaseballfieldsbutonlyonesoftballfield.Whenbaseballteamsneedmore____22____,theywilloftentakeupthesoftballfield,____23____herteam’spractice.Iarossisaidtheeffectwasn’tjust____24____.“Manyofmyteammatesseemedless____25____.Theyfeltdiscouragedfromcontinuingandthereforesome____26____.Theythoughttheydidn’tgetthepracticeandthus____27____tobeasgood.”Tochangethat,shedecidedtosenda____28____tothemayor.“Isaidit’snotthe1800sanymore,andgirlswouldliketoplaysportstoo.Pleasegivegirlsandboyssportsanequal____29____,”
Iarossisaid.“Ihopeallgirlsget_____30_____tosoftball.It’sjustfairforallinsports.”Herinitialgoalwasto_____31_____supportforthecause,butitdidmuchmore.Heraction_____32_____thecity’sgovernmenttoconstructmulti-usefields_____33_____forbothgirlssoftballandboysbaseballteams.Iarossi’smomsaid,“_____34_____,towritetothemayorwasallmydaughter’s_____35_____—noonetoldherto.Ifeelproudofher_____36_____toturntothemayorasalittlechildandexcitedbythe_____37_____fromtheauthorities.Itisreally_____38_____toseethereareotherpeoplewho_____39_____thisandhelpenableallofourchildrento_____40_____thiswonderfulgame.”21.A.exchangeB.agreementC.associationD.imbalance22.A.supportB.trainingC.roomD.audience23.A.reducingB.ruiningC.changingD.joining24.A.annoyingB.noticeableC.complexD.predictable25.A.curiousB.pleasedC.enthusiasticD.patient26.A.complainedB.quitC.arguedD.fought27.A.unqualifiedB.unpreparedC.unthinkableD.unable28.A.letterB.videoC.giftD.package29.A.privilegeB.payC.shotD.salary30.A.accessB.permissionC.attachmentD.connection31.A.offerB.expressC.strengthenD.gain32.A.motivatedB.forcedC.requiredD.persuaded33.A.necessaryB.availableC.favourableD.responsible34.A.ThankfullyB.UnwillinglyC.HopefullyD.Actually35.A.adviceB.intentionC.ideaD.concern36.A.daringB.affordingC.promisingD.begging37.A.allowanceB.commitmentC.responseD.instruction38.A.desirableB.inspiringC.appealingD.reasonable39.A.introduceB.appreciateC.treasureD.back40.A.pickupB.participateinC.makeoutD.taketo【答案】21.D22.C23.B24.A25.C26.B27.D28.A29.C30.A31.D32.A33.B34.D35.C36.A37.C38.B39.D40.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹Iarossi是佛羅里達(dá)州坦帕市的一個(gè)10
歲的壘球球員，她所在的社區(qū)只有一個(gè)壘球球場(chǎng)，且這一球場(chǎng)經(jīng)常被棒球隊(duì)隊(duì)員占用，導(dǎo)致她們無(wú)法訓(xùn)練。為改變這一現(xiàn)狀，她給市長(zhǎng)寫(xiě)了一封信，最后政府決定在坦帕市建設(shè)多用途場(chǎng)地，她也為女孩們參加體育運(yùn)動(dòng)爭(zhēng)取到了公平的權(quán)利?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她厭倦了因?yàn)榕⒑湍泻⒌倪\(yùn)動(dòng)不平衡而取消她的訓(xùn)練。A.exchange交換；B.agreement協(xié)議；C.association協(xié)會(huì)；D.imbalance不平衡。根據(jù)下文“Hercommunityhasmanybaseballfieldsbutonlyonesoftballfield.”以及“Pleasegivegirlsandboyssportsanequal”可知，她厭倦了因?yàn)榕⒑湍泻⒌倪\(yùn)動(dòng)不平衡而被取消訓(xùn)練。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)棒球隊(duì)需要更多的空間時(shí)，他們經(jīng)常會(huì)占用壘球場(chǎng)地，破壞了她的球隊(duì)的練習(xí)。A.support支持；B.training訓(xùn)練；C.room空間；D.audience觀眾。根據(jù)下文“theywilloftentakeupthesoftballfield”可知，當(dāng)棒球隊(duì)需要更多的空間時(shí)，他們通常會(huì)占用壘球場(chǎng)地。故選C。【23題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)棒球隊(duì)需要更多的空間時(shí)，他們經(jīng)常會(huì)占用壘球場(chǎng)地，破壞了她的球隊(duì)的練習(xí)。A.reducing減少；B.ruining毀滅；C.changing改變；D.joining加入。根據(jù)上文“havingherpracticescanceled”和棒球隊(duì)經(jīng)常會(huì)占用壘球場(chǎng)地可知，此處指她的球隊(duì)訓(xùn)練遭到破壞。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Iarossi說(shuō)，這種影響不僅僅是令人討厭。A.annoying煩人的；B.noticeable顯而易見(jiàn)的；C.complex復(fù)雜的；D.predictable可預(yù)測(cè)的。根據(jù)上文“Shewastiredofhavingherpracticescanceled”及下文內(nèi)容可知，此處表示這種影響不僅僅是令人氣惱的。故選A。25題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我的許多隊(duì)友似乎不那么熱情了。A.curious好奇的；B.pleased高興的；C.enthusiastic熱情的；D.patient耐心的。根據(jù)下文“Theyfeltdiscouragedfromcontinuing”可知，壘球隊(duì)的許多隊(duì)員似乎對(duì)這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)不那么滿腔熱忱了。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們感到灰心喪氣，因此有些人放棄了。A.complained投訴；B.quit放棄，退出；C.argued爭(zhēng)論；D.fought戰(zhàn)斗。根據(jù)上文“Theyfeltdiscouragedfromcontinuing”可知此處表示有些人感到灰心，因此退出了，不再進(jìn)行這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)了。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他們認(rèn)為他們沒(méi)有得到練習(xí)，因此不能做得那么好。A.unqualified不合格的；B.unprepared無(wú)準(zhǔn)備的；C.unthinkable無(wú)法想象的；D.unable不能的。根據(jù)上文“Theythoughttheydidn’tgetthepracticeandthus”可知前后因果關(guān)系，他們沒(méi)有得到練習(xí)，自然不能做的那么好，故選D。
【28題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：為了改變這種狀況，她決定給市長(zhǎng)寫(xiě)封信。A.letter信；B.video視頻；C.gift禮物；D.package包裹。根據(jù)下文“towritetothemayor”可知，此處指Iarossi給市長(zhǎng)寄了一封信。故選A?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：請(qǐng)給女孩和男孩平等的運(yùn)動(dòng)機(jī)會(huì)。A.privilege特權(quán)；B.pay薪水；C.shot機(jī)會(huì)；D.salary薪金。根據(jù)上文“givegirlsandboyssportsanequal”可知，此處指Iarossi請(qǐng)求市長(zhǎng)給予女孩和男孩同等的運(yùn)動(dòng)機(jī)會(huì)。故選C。【30題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我希望所有的女孩都能接觸壘球。A.access入口，通道；B.permission準(zhǔn)許；C.attachment依戀；D.connection連接。根據(jù)上文“It’sjustfairforallinsports.”可知讓男孩和女孩有平等的運(yùn)動(dòng)機(jī)會(huì)，所以希望所有女孩也能接觸壘球，getaccessto，意為“接近，獲得”，符合語(yǔ)境，故選A?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她最初的目標(biāo)是為這項(xiàng)事業(yè)贏得支持，但它的作用遠(yuǎn)不止于此。A.offer提供；B.express表達(dá)；C.strengthen加強(qiáng)；D.gain獲得。根據(jù)后文“supportforthecause”可知，她最初的目標(biāo)是為她的理想獲得支持，讓市長(zhǎng)給男孩和女孩有平等的運(yùn)動(dòng)機(jī)會(huì)。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她的行動(dòng)促使市政府為女子壘球隊(duì)和男子棒球隊(duì)建造了多用途的場(chǎng)地。A.motivated促動(dòng)；B.forced迫使；C.required要求；D.persuaded勸說(shuō)。根據(jù)上文“Herinitialgoalwasto____11____supportforthecause,butitdidmuchmore.”可知她寫(xiě)信只是想獲得支持，沒(méi)想到會(huì)有更大的作用，所以她的行動(dòng)應(yīng)該是促使政府做了更多事情，故選A?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.necessary必須的；B.available可用的；C.favourable有利的；D.responsible負(fù)責(zé)的。根據(jù)“multi-usefields”和“forbothgirlssoftballandboysbaseballteams”可知政府建造了多用途場(chǎng)地供女孩和男孩使用，故選B?！?4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：實(shí)際上，給市長(zhǎng)寫(xiě)信完全是我女兒的主意——沒(méi)人叫她這么做。A.Thankfully感謝地；B.Unwillingly不愿意地；C.Hopefully有希望地；D.Actually實(shí)際上。結(jié)合上文可知，事實(shí)上，寫(xiě)信給市長(zhǎng)完全是Iarossi的主意。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.advice建議；B.intention意圖；C.idea想法；D.concern
。根據(jù)前文和下文“noonetoldherto”，可知寫(xiě)信給市長(zhǎng)完全是Iarossi的主意。故選C。【36題詳解】考查動(dòng)名詞詞義辨析。句意：我為她這么小敢于向市長(zhǎng)求助感到驕傲，也為當(dāng)局的反應(yīng)感到高興。A.daring敢；B.affording買(mǎi)得起；C.promising允諾；D.begging乞求。根據(jù)前文“Iarossiisa10-year-oldsoftballplayerfromTampa,FL.”可知Iarossi還很小就給市長(zhǎng)寫(xiě)信求助，應(yīng)該是敢于這么做，是勇敢的，故選A。【37題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.allowance津貼；B.commitment承諾；C.response回復(fù)；D.instruction指示。根據(jù)前文政府建造多用途場(chǎng)地和后文“fromtheauthorities”，說(shuō)明是對(duì)官方的回應(yīng)感到高興。故選C?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：看到有其他人支持這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)，幫助我們所有的孩子都能參與到這個(gè)精彩的運(yùn)動(dòng)中，這真的很鼓舞人心。A.desirable可取的；B.inspiring鼓舞人心的；C.appealing吸引人的；D.reasonable合理的。根據(jù)上文“excitedbythe____17____fromtheauthorities”可知，空處所填詞應(yīng)與excited同屬一個(gè)語(yǔ)義范疇。此處表示看到有人支持這件事真的很令人振奮，故選B?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.introduce介紹；B.appreciate欣賞；C.treasure珍惜；D.back支持。根據(jù)下文“helpenableallofourchildren”可知有其他人支持這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)，故選D。【40題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：同上。A.pickup撿起，學(xué)會(huì)；B.participatein參加；C.makeout理解；D.taketo喜歡。根據(jù)下文“thiswonderfulgame”可知，此處指讓我們的孩子們都能夠參與到這項(xiàng)精彩的運(yùn)動(dòng)中。故選B。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Thesheepskinraft(羊皮筏),theoldestmeansoftransportationalongtheYellowRiver,hasahistoryofnearly2,000years.Theairbagoftheraftismadeof___41___wholesheepskinandgoesthroughmanyprocessesincludingheatingtoremovehair,soakinginsaltyoil,sewing,drying___42___blowing.Thentheairbags___43___(fasten)toawoodenstand,enablingitsusefortransportingpeopleandgoodsacrossthewater.Itissaidthatthelargestsheepskinraftinoldtimes___44___(consist)ofmorethan600sheepskinairbags,withanimpressivelengthof22metersanda___45___(wide)of7meters.Itwascapableofcarryingaround30tonsofgoodsanddriftingover200kilometersinoneday.Intheearly20thcentury,beforethe1950s,___46___railwayswerenotyetinoperationandroadtrafficwas
___47___(convenient),thesheepskinraftservedasthemostimportantmeansoftransportationforresidents___48___(live)alongtheYellowRiver.However,withtherapiddevelopmentofsociety,thesheepskinrafthaslargelyplayeditshistoricalrole___49___transportingpeopleandgoods.Nowadays,itcanonlybefoundalongthebanksoftheYellowRiverinsomecitiesinGansuprovince.Ithasbecomeatoolforpeople___50___(do)somesightseeingontheYellowRiver.【答案】41.a42.and43.arefastened44.consisted45.width46.when47.inconvenient48.living49.in50.todo【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說(shuō)明文。介紹了黃河沿岸羊皮筏的制作流程和歷史作用。41題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：筏子的安全氣囊由整張羊皮制成，經(jīng)過(guò)加熱脫毛、浸咸油、縫制、烘干、吹氣等諸多工序。sheepskin意為“帶毛綿羊皮”，為可數(shù)名詞，句中用的單數(shù)，前用不定冠詞修飾，whole為輔音音素開(kāi)頭，用a修飾。故填a?！?2題詳解】考查連詞。句意：筏子的安全氣囊由整張羊皮制成，經(jīng)過(guò)加熱脫毛、浸咸油、縫制、烘干、吹氣等諸多工序。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，blowing和前文的heatingtoremovehair,soakinginsaltyoil,sewing,drying并列，應(yīng)用and連接。故填and?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：然后將安全氣囊固定在一個(gè)木制支架上，使其能夠在水上運(yùn)輸人員和貨物。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，fasten作本句謂語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)是airbags，兩者是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，前文用的是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，此處也用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故填arefastened?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：據(jù)說(shuō)古代最大的羊皮筏由600多個(gè)羊皮氣囊組成，長(zhǎng)22米，寬7米，令人印象深刻。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，consist作從句的謂語(yǔ)，根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)inoldtimes可知，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填consisted。
【45題詳解】考查名詞。句意：據(jù)說(shuō)古代最大的羊皮筏由600多個(gè)羊皮氣囊組成，長(zhǎng)22米，寬7米，令人印象深刻。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空前是冠詞，所以空處應(yīng)填名詞，wide的名詞形式是width。故填width。【46題詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：20世紀(jì)50年代以前，鐵路尚未開(kāi)通，公路交通不便，羊皮筏是黃河沿岸居民最主要的交通工具。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是前文的時(shí)間，在從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，用when引導(dǎo)。故填when。【47題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：20世紀(jì)50年代以前，鐵路尚未開(kāi)通，公路交通不便，羊皮筏是黃河沿岸居民最主要的交通工具。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空前是形容詞，所以空處填形容詞作表語(yǔ)，根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)是inconvenient意為“不方便”符合語(yǔ)境。故填inconvenient?！?8題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：20世紀(jì)50年代以前，鐵路尚未開(kāi)通，公路交通不便，羊皮筏是黃河沿岸居民最主要的交通工具。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞served，所以live用非謂語(yǔ)形式，邏輯主語(yǔ)是residents，兩者是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語(yǔ)。故填living?！?9題詳解】考查介詞。句意：然而，隨著社會(huì)的飛速發(fā)展，羊皮筏已經(jīng)在很大程度上發(fā)揮了它在運(yùn)送人和貨物方面的歷史作用。此處是固定搭配：playrolein意為“在某方面起作用”。故填in。【50題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：它已經(jīng)成為人們?cè)邳S河上觀光的工具。本句已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞hasbecome，所以do用非謂語(yǔ)形式，根據(jù)句意，此處應(yīng)是用不定式做主語(yǔ)。故填todo。第四部分寫(xiě)作第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)51.假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫(xiě)的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧)，并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線()劃掉修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下畫(huà)一橫線，并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。注意：1．每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2．只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。IenjoylearningEnglishbutcanrememberindividualwordseasy.However,whenitcomestoreading
comprehension,it’sreallythechallenge.Lastweekend,ItriedtoreadastorybookwriteinEnglishtoimprovemyreading.Atfirst,IrefertothedictionaryeverytimeIcameacrossanewword,whichIfounditnotveryhelpful.IoftenfeltpuzzlingaboutwhatIhadread.ThenItriedtofinishachaptercompletelywithlookingupthenewwords.WhatsurprisedmewasIcouldunderstandthestorymerelyfromthecontext.IhopeIwillmakegreatprogressesinEnglishinthisway.【答案】1.but→and2.easy→easily3.the→a4.write→written5.refer→referred6.刪除it7.puzzling→puzzled8.with→without9.在was后加that10.progresses→progress【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了作者愛(ài)好英語(yǔ)，在閱讀的時(shí)候，常查單詞，但是決定嘗試不查單詞閱讀，發(fā)現(xiàn)也行得通?！?1題詳解】考查連詞。句意：我喜歡學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)，能輕松地記住單個(gè)單詞。前后句意是并列順承，不存在轉(zhuǎn)折。故將but改為and?！?2題詳解】考查副詞。句意：我喜歡學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)，能輕松地記住單個(gè)單詞。此處修飾動(dòng)詞“remember”，應(yīng)用副詞，作狀語(yǔ)。故將easy改為easily?！?3題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：然而，當(dāng)涉及到閱讀理解時(shí)，這真的是一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)。此處泛指“一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)”，應(yīng)用不定冠詞，challenge是以輔音音素開(kāi)頭的詞，應(yīng)用a。故將the改為a。【54題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：上周末，我試著讀了一本英文故事書(shū)來(lái)提高我的閱讀能力?！皐rite”和“storybook”構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞，作定語(yǔ)，表被動(dòng)和完成。故將write改為written?！?5題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：起初，每當(dāng)我遇到生詞時(shí)，我就查字典，我發(fā)現(xiàn)這不是很有幫助。此處描述過(guò)去的事情，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故將refer改為referred?！?6題詳解】考查代詞。句意：起初，每當(dāng)我遇到生詞時(shí)，我就查字典，我發(fā)現(xiàn)這不是很有幫助?！皐hich”在定語(yǔ)從句中作“found”的賓語(yǔ)，it多余。故刪除it?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：我經(jīng)常對(duì)我讀過(guò)的東西感到困惑。主語(yǔ)為人，應(yīng)用-ed結(jié)尾形容詞puzzled，修飾人的感情。故將puzzling改為puzzled?！?8題詳解】考查介詞。句意：然后我試著不查生詞就把一章讀完。根據(jù)句意可知，此處指“沒(méi)有查閱新單詞”，應(yīng)用介詞without。故將with改為without?！?9題詳解】考查表語(yǔ)從句。句意：令我驚訝的是，我僅僅從上下文就能理解這個(gè)故事。此處引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句，that不充當(dāng)任何成分，但不能省略。故在was后加that?！?0題詳解】考查名詞。句意：我希望通過(guò)這種方式在英語(yǔ)方面取得很大的進(jìn)步。progress是不可數(shù)名詞，沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式。故將progresses改為progress。第二節(jié)書(shū)面表達(dá)(滿分25分)52.假如你是李華，你的外國(guó)朋友Albert想了解中國(guó)高中生對(duì)于是否需要開(kāi)設(shè)學(xué)生職業(yè)生涯規(guī)劃(careerplanning)課程的想法，請(qǐng)你寫(xiě)一封信給他，內(nèi)容包括：1.你的觀點(diǎn)；2.你的理由；3.你的建議。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。DearAlbert,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearAlbert,Ihopethisletterfindsyouwell.LearningthatyouwonderwhetheracareerplanningcourseisneededforChinesehighschoolstudents,I’mwritingtosharewithyoumyopiniononit.IbelievethatintroducingcareerplanningcoursesinChinesehighschoolsiscrucial.Thesociety,asyouknow,isincreasinglycompetitivenow.Itcan’tbebetterforourhighschoolstudyandcollegemajorselectionifwehaveageneralplanandatop-leveldesignforourfuturecareerinhighschool.Itishighlyrecommendedtoinviteuniversityprofessorsorcareerplannerstoguidestudentsincareerplanning.Organizingstudentstoparticipateinvarioussocialpracticeisalsopreferable,whichhelpstoexposethestudentstothecharacteristicsofallwalksoflife,andlocatetheiremploymentdirections.Thankyouforconsideringmyopinion.I’mconfidentthatthecoursewillbenefitstudentsintheirfutureendeavors.Yours,LiHua【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本篇書(shū)面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文，要求考生給Albert寫(xiě)一封信，針對(duì)中國(guó)高中生對(duì)于是否需要開(kāi)設(shè)學(xué)生職業(yè)生涯規(guī)劃課程，給出自己的觀點(diǎn)、理由、建議?！驹斀狻?.詞匯積累觀點(diǎn)：opinion→view/idea重要的：crucial→important/essential/vital建議：recommend→advise/propose參加：participatein→takepartin2.句式拓展同義句轉(zhuǎn)換原句：IbelievethatintroducingcareerplanningcoursesinChinesehighschoolsiscrucial.拓展句：IbelievethatitiscrucialtointroducecareerplanningcoursesinChinesehighschools.【點(diǎn)睛】【高分句型1】LearningthatyouwonderwhetheracareerplanningcourseisneededforChinesehighschoolstudents,I’mwritingtosharewithyoumyopiniononit.(使用了現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)、that和whether
引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句、不定式作目的狀語(yǔ))【高分句型2】Organizingstudentstoparticipateinvarioussocialpracticeisalsopreferable,whichhelpstoexposethestudentstothecharacteristicsofallwalksoflife,andlocatetheiremploymentdirections.(使用了動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)、不定式作賓補(bǔ)和賓語(yǔ)、which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句)
