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1、附件3蘋果樹鉀素動態(tài)規(guī)律與施肥管理樊紅柱,同延安*,趙營,劉汝亮(西北農(nóng)林科技大學資源環(huán)境學院,陜西楊陵712100)摘要:以“富士”蘋果樹為試材,對樹體生物量和各器官鉀含量及鉀累積動態(tài)進行了研究,確定果樹鉀素吸收、轉(zhuǎn)運和分配規(guī)律,為合理施肥提供依據(jù)。結(jié)果表明,從3月26日到9月21日,果樹生長較快,果實采收后生長趨于緩慢;7月30日以后根系快速生長;植株及其地上部鉀累積量7月30日最大,根系鉀累積量年周期內(nèi)基本不變;早春樹體器官建造主要利用貯藏的鉀素,同時鉀素的分配隨生長中心的轉(zhuǎn)移而轉(zhuǎn)移;中后期果樹生長所需的鉀主要依靠根系從土壤中吸收;年周期內(nèi)果樹吸鉀量為87.16㎏/㎞2,果
2、實和葉片共帶走56.25㎏/㎞2的鉀,從3月26日到7月30日,吸收為54.67㎏/㎞2,占吸收總量的62.72%,果實采收后至1月15日,吸收量為32.49㎏/㎞2,占37.28%;果園年施鉀肥217.91㎏/㎞2,秋季基施81.23㎏/㎞2,幼果期追施136.68㎏/㎞2。關鍵詞:蘋果樹;鉀素;動態(tài)分布;施肥管理PotassiumDynamicsandFertilizerManagementofAppleTreeFANHong-zhu,TONGYan-an*,ZHAOYing,LIURu-liang(CollegeofResourcesandEnvironmentalScie
3、nces,NorthwestSci-TechUniversityofAgricultureandForestry,Yangling,Shaanxi712100,China)Abstract:Potassiumfertilizerisanimportantfactorfortheyieldandqualityproductioninappletrees.Potassiumconcentrationandaccumulationindifferentpartsoftheappletreeswerestudiedinfield-grown“Fuji”appletrees(M.micro
4、malus.Makino)in2004and2005growingseasonsinShaanxiprovince,China.Theobjectiveofthisstudywastofindthedynamicofthepotassiumuptake,transportationanddistributionindifferentpartoftheappletreeinordertofertilizeproperly.Theresultsshowedthatthebiomassoftheplantandthepartsabovegroundvegetatedquicklyfro
5、mMarch26toSeptember21,anddevelopedslowlyafterfruitharvestedinSeptember21.ButrootssystembegantogrowafterJuly30.PotassiumaccumulationinplantandthepartsabovegroundwashighestinJuly30.Fruittreesmainusedstoragepotassiuminearlyspring,andpotassiumtransportationandassignmentshiftedalongwiththegrowthce
6、ntershift.Thenfruittreesusednutritionthatwasabsorbedfromthesoil.Total87.16kg/hm2potassiumwas收稿日期:基金項目:PPI/PPIC資助項目;農(nóng)業(yè)部948重大引進項目作者簡介:樊紅柱(1978—),男,陜西藍田人,碩士研究生,主要從事果樹生理與營養(yǎng)研究。*通訊作者,Email:tongyanan@nwsuaf.edu.cn.Tel:029-870812136uptakebyplantsduringtheyearand56.25㎏/hm2wasmoveawaybyfruitsandleaves.
7、FromMarch26toJuly30,54.67kg/hm2potassiumwasuptake,anditoccupied62.72%oftotaluptake.32.49kg/hm2potassiumwasstilluptakefromharvestedtimetoJanuary15,accountedfor37.28%oftotaluptake.Totalpotassiumfertilizationinappleorchardwas217.91kg/hm2inoneyea