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1、機(jī)械電子工程學(xué)院畢業(yè)論文課題現(xiàn)代機(jī)床和夾具的協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展摘要機(jī)床是工作母機(jī),機(jī)床制造業(yè)對(duì)國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展起著重要作用。建國(guó)初期,在優(yōu)先發(fā)展重工業(yè)的方針指導(dǎo)下,機(jī)床制造業(yè)迅速發(fā)展,按國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展計(jì)劃建立了一批機(jī)床制造廠,專業(yè)分工明確,機(jī)床型號(hào)齊全,形成了完整的通用機(jī)床制造體系。隨著汽車、航空航天等工業(yè)輕合金材料的廣泛應(yīng)用,高速加工已成為制造技術(shù)的重要發(fā)展趨勢(shì)。高速加工具有縮短加工時(shí)間、提高加工精度和表面質(zhì)量等優(yōu)點(diǎn),在模具制造等領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用也日益廣泛。機(jī)床的高速化需要新的數(shù)控系統(tǒng)、高速電主軸和高速伺服進(jìn)給驅(qū)動(dòng),以及機(jī)床結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)化和輕量化。高
2、速加工不僅是設(shè)備本身,而是機(jī)床、刀具、刀柄、夾具和數(shù)控編程技術(shù),以及人員素質(zhì)的集成?,F(xiàn)代機(jī)床的發(fā)展有著:機(jī)床的高速化、精密化、從工序復(fù)合到完整加工、信息化、智能化-測(cè)量、監(jiān)控和補(bǔ)償、微型化、新的并聯(lián)機(jī)構(gòu)原理、新的工藝過程、新結(jié)構(gòu)和新材料、新的設(shè)計(jì)方法和手段、直接驅(qū)動(dòng)技術(shù)、開放式數(shù)控系統(tǒng)、可重組制造系統(tǒng)等特點(diǎn)。在現(xiàn)在社會(huì)里,機(jī)械加工的要求越來越高,加工的產(chǎn)品要求也越來越高。這就需要機(jī)床本身的要求高,現(xiàn)代的機(jī)床加工離不開夾具的配合,機(jī)床和夾具的配合發(fā)展越好加工出來的產(chǎn)品才能越好。機(jī)床和夾具的協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展創(chuàng)不僅會(huì)帶動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展而且還能創(chuàng)造
3、更多的財(cái)富。關(guān)鍵詞:協(xié)調(diào);先進(jìn);配合;發(fā)展22目錄第一章現(xiàn)代機(jī)床簡(jiǎn)介和發(fā)展方向····································3第一節(jié)機(jī)床概述·················································3第二節(jié)現(xiàn)代機(jī)床的發(fā)展方向········································7第二章機(jī)床夾具概述··············································11第一節(jié)機(jī)床夾具的主要功能············
4、·····························11第二節(jié)機(jī)床夾具的分類···········································15第三節(jié)機(jī)床夾具的組成···········································17第三章工藝夾具的設(shè)計(jì)···········································18第一節(jié)工藝設(shè)計(jì)方案·············································18第二節(jié)夾具設(shè)計(jì)方案22····
5、········································18第四章機(jī)床夾具的現(xiàn)狀及發(fā)展方向·····································19第一節(jié)機(jī)床夾具的現(xiàn)狀···········································19第二節(jié)機(jī)床夾具的發(fā)展方向······································19第五章經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展與機(jī)床和夾具協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展的關(guān)系·························21參考文獻(xiàn)·············
6、············································22致謝·····························································2322第一章現(xiàn)代機(jī)床簡(jiǎn)介和發(fā)展方向第一節(jié)機(jī)床概述機(jī)床是工作母機(jī),機(jī)床制造業(yè)對(duì)國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展起著重要作用。建國(guó)初期,在優(yōu)先發(fā)展重工業(yè)的方針指導(dǎo)下,機(jī)床制造業(yè)迅速發(fā)展,按國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展計(jì)劃建立了一大批機(jī)床制造廠,專業(yè)分工明確,機(jī)床型號(hào)齊全,形成了完整的通用機(jī)床制造體系。向各行各業(yè)提供了大量的工作母機(jī),有力地推動(dòng)了國(guó)民經(jīng)
7、濟(jì)的發(fā)展。 1.產(chǎn)品開發(fā)與技術(shù)引進(jìn) 22應(yīng)用數(shù)字控制等先進(jìn)技術(shù),不斷開發(fā)新產(chǎn)品,滿足高質(zhì)量、高效率和高靈活性的要求是現(xiàn)代機(jī)床的發(fā)展特征,并成為世界各機(jī)床廠家正在為之努力的目標(biāo)。因此,國(guó)內(nèi)很多廠家也在引進(jìn)數(shù)控技術(shù)和產(chǎn)品,生產(chǎn)了各種類型的數(shù)控機(jī)床,從歷屆機(jī)床展覽會(huì)可見一斑,可以說中國(guó)的機(jī)床制造業(yè)的技術(shù)水平有了很大提高。但是,不能不看到,大多數(shù)廠家在日趨激烈的市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中,特別是在國(guó)際市場(chǎng)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中仍顯得能力不足。應(yīng)當(dāng)指出,新產(chǎn)品開發(fā)不是引進(jìn)或仿制其他廠家的機(jī)型。引進(jìn)或仿制的產(chǎn)品對(duì)制造廠家是新產(chǎn)品,對(duì)市場(chǎng)卻不是新產(chǎn)品。引進(jìn)或仿制在一定時(shí)
8、期是必要的,正如在建國(guó)初期我們通過仿制前蘇聯(lián)的產(chǎn)品建立了中國(guó)的機(jī)床制造業(yè)體系一樣,在改革開放初期引進(jìn)技術(shù)可以使我們的機(jī)床制造業(yè)快速跟上世界先進(jìn)水平。但是,這不應(yīng)是我們的唯一發(fā)展方向和最終目標(biāo)。新產(chǎn)品開發(fā)應(yīng)該是指全新機(jī)型或現(xiàn)有產(chǎn)品的改進(jìn)型。目前,在新產(chǎn)品開發(fā)方面,