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1、語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)題四:時(shí)態(tài)1.現(xiàn)在時(shí)(Presenttenses)時(shí)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)與用法一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu):do/does/be(am/is/are)用法:1.表示現(xiàn)在的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)。2.表示客觀規(guī)律、真理;特征、性格等。3.用于標(biāo)題,小說(shuō)、劇本、圖片等中的情節(jié)介紹。4.用于時(shí)間、條件、讓步狀從中,表將來(lái)。5.表示按計(jì)劃、規(guī)定的時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,如時(shí)刻表等?,F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu):be(am/is/are)doing;或be+adv./prep.(如:in,on,under等)用法:1.表示現(xiàn)在、現(xiàn)階段正在發(fā)生、進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。2.常與go,leave,c
2、ome,arrive,stay,move等連用,表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作。3.與always,forever等連用,表示動(dòng)作的反復(fù),含厭倦或贊賞的意思。注意:1.表示感覺(jué)、心理、結(jié)果性的動(dòng)詞一般不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)。2.常見(jiàn)表進(jìn)行的副詞、介短:inprogressinoperationonshow現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu):have/hasdone用法:1.過(guò)去發(fā)生且結(jié)束,但對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成影響。2.過(guò)去發(fā)生且持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。3.在以下兩個(gè)句型中,其從句要求用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí):It(This)isthefirst(last,second,third,…)timetha
3、t…It(This)isthebest(worst,mostinteresting,…)+n.+that…完成進(jìn)行時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu):have/hasbeendoing用法:過(guò)去發(fā)生,目前還在進(jìn)行,且可能持續(xù)下去,強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的延續(xù)性。鞏固練習(xí):1.I’vewonaholidayfortwodaystoFlorida.Imymum.A.amtakingB.havetakenC.takeD.willhavetaken2.Becausefarmland______quickly,thegovernmentisconsideringsolvin
4、gtheproblem.A.isbeinglostB.islostC.islosingD.loses3.JohnandI______friendsfor8years.Wefirstgottoknoweachotherataparty.Butwe______eachotheracoupleoftimesbeforethat.A.hadbeen;havebeenB.havebeen;havebeenC.hadbeen;hadseenD.havebeen;hadseen4.DadwillcometoseemewhenI_____
5、_thetrainingcourse.A.willhavefinishedB.willfinishC.arefinishingD.finish5.---Didhenoticeyouentertheroom?---Idon’tthinkso.He______totheradiowithhiseyesshut.A.listenedB.waslisteningC.haslistenedD.hadlistened6.We______ournewneighborsyet,sowedon’tknowtheirnames.A.don’t
6、meetB.won’tmeetC.haven’tmetD.hadn’tmet7.Ihavetogotoworkbytaxibecausemycar______atthegarage.A.willberepairedB.isrepairedC.isbeingrepairedD.berepaired8.---______leaveattheendofthemonth.---Idon’tthinkyoushoulddothatuntil______anotherjob.A.I’mgoingto;you’dfoundB.I’mgo
7、ingto;you’vefoundC.I’ll;you’llfindD.I’ll;you’dfind9.Iwon’ttellthestudenttheanswertothemathproblemuntilhe______onitforanhour.A.hasbeenworkingB.willhaveworkedC.willhavebeenworkingD.hadworked10.Thefatheraswellashisthreechildren______skatingonthefrozenrivereverySunday
8、afternooninwinter.A.isgoingB.goC.goesD.aregoing11.I______inLondonformanyyears,butI’veneverregrettedmyfinaldecisiontomovebacktoChina.A.livedB.waslivingC.