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1、16中國(guó)農(nóng)村水利水電·2015年第7期文章編號(hào):1007-2284(2015)07-0016-05不同水肥模式下水稻光合光響應(yīng)特性研究陳勁豐,時(shí)元智,崔遠(yuǎn)來,韓煥豪,李碩林(武漢大學(xué)水資源與水電工程科學(xué)國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室,武漢430072)摘要:為揭示不同水肥模式對(duì)水稻分蘗期和拔節(jié)孕穗期葉片光合作用光響應(yīng)特征的影響,在2種灌溉模式、2種施肥次數(shù)和4個(gè)施氮量水平下,開展了不同水肥模式的水稻葉片光合作用的光響應(yīng)特征研究。結(jié)果表明,在水稻分蘗期和拔節(jié)孕穗期,間歇灌溉水稻的凈光合速率高于淹灌,且隨著施氮量的提高,這種由于灌溉模式引起的差異將被弱化。在施氮量較低時(shí),淹灌水稻很快就達(dá)到了光飽和,而
2、在間歇灌溉下,光飽和點(diǎn)則明顯后移。這表明低氮水平下,間歇灌溉的水稻對(duì)光的適應(yīng)能力比淹灌的水稻強(qiáng)。灌溉模式和設(shè)計(jì)施氮量相同時(shí),由于3次施肥在時(shí)間尺度上施肥分布更均勻,盡管其在分蘗期凈光合速率較小,但在拔節(jié)孕穗期凈光合速率較大,與2次施肥相比,其水稻產(chǎn)量更高。這表明,提高拔節(jié)孕穗期作物的凈光合速率有利于作物干物質(zhì)的積累,從而獲得更高的產(chǎn)量。關(guān)鍵詞:水稻;光合光響應(yīng);灌溉模式;施肥次數(shù);施氮量中圖分類號(hào):S365文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:AResearchontheCharacteristicsofRiceLeafPhotosyntheticLightResponseCurvewithDifferen
3、tWaterandFertilizerModesCHENJin-feng,SHIYuan-zhi,CUIYuan-lai,HANHuan-hao,QIUPei,LIShuo-lin(StateKeyLaboratoryofWaterResourcesandHydropowerEngineeringScience,WuhanUniversity,Wuhan430072,China)Abstract:Inordertorevealtheinfluenceofconditionsofirrigationandfertilizationoncharacteristicsofriceleaf
4、photosyntheticlightresponse,experimentswerecarriedouttoadopttwoirrigationmodeswithfournitrogenlevelsandtwodifferentfertilizationtimes.Leafphotosyntheticlightresponsecurvesweremeasuredatlatertilleringstageandbooting-jointingstages.Atthemeasuredstages,photosynthesisratewashigherunderintermittent
5、irrigation.Inaddition,thedifferencewasweakenedasthenitrogenlevelrose.Withlownitrogenlevels,theflushed-irrigatedriceleafreachedlightsaturationpointsLSPquickly,whiletheLSPofriceleafunderintermittentirrigationwaspostponedevidently.Itindicatedthatintermittent-irrigatedriceleafhadhigherlightadaptab
6、ilitythanflushed-irrigatedone.Whentheirrigationconditionsandnitrogeninputwerethesame,despitearelativelylowphotosynthesisrateinlatertilleringstage,thephotosynthesisratewashighinbooting-jointingstageandtheoutputishigherwhenthericeleafwasirriga-tedthreetimesasagainsttwotimes,asirrigationwasbetter
7、-distributedovertime.Itindicatesthatthedrymaterialaccumulationofriceleafcanbeenhancedbypromotingthephotosynthesisrateinbooting-jointingstage,thusincreasingoutput.Keywords:rice;photosyntheticlightresponse;irrigationmode;fertilizationtime