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1、1.民工潮新年春節(jié)剛過,農(nóng)村的破舊小車站就擠滿了成千上萬的農(nóng)民。他們只有一個(gè)目的,到城市去。八十年代處,農(nóng)村的改革,使得千千萬萬的農(nóng)民從土地上解放了出來,紛紛跑到城市找工作。自那以后,這種大規(guī)模的民工潮一直使城市感到頭痛。這不僅是因?yàn)閷?duì)城市設(shè)施造成了極大的壓力,而且他們擔(dān)心會(huì)引發(fā)許多社會(huì)矛盾。所以外來民工往往補(bǔ)被看成二等公民,不能成為城市居民,孩子不能在城市讀書。但是另一方面,城市和經(jīng)濟(jì)開發(fā)區(qū)的發(fā)展急切需要大批勞力到工廠和建設(shè)工地。而且政府也感到如果不讓農(nóng)民出來。而農(nóng)民的不滿加劇,會(huì)導(dǎo)致社會(huì)動(dòng)亂。參考譯文(53)1,2)Onlyafew
2、daysaftertheLunarNewYearindilapidatedlittlerailwaystationsthroughoutthecountrysidemillionsofpeasantsaregatheringwithasinglepurposetogettothecities.3,4)Evensincetheearly1980swhentheagriculturalreformfreedmillionsoffarmerstoseekcityjobsthemassnotjustbecauseofthepressureitp
3、utsoninfrastructure.5)Manyfearthatmigrationonsuchagiantscalewillleadtosocialstrain,6)Asaresulttheyhavetreatedthemigrantsassecond-classcitizens.6)Forinstanceworkersformtheruralheartlandaredeniedtherighttosettledownaspermanentresidentsandtosendtheirchildrentocityschools.7)
4、Butontheotherhandinboomingcitiesandspecialeconomiczonesfactoriesandconstructionsitesneedallthelabortheycanget.8,9)Andthegovernmentbelievethatiftheruralmassesdidnotgetashareofandpoorcountrysidewouldfurtherwidenleadingtoabuilding-upresentmentthatmightfuelsocialunrest.2.豫園原
5、是明代四川布政史潘允端的私人花園。始建于一五五九年,至一五七七年落成。距今已有四百余年歷史。園地面積為二萬多平方米。全國共分三十余景,均有回廊曲徑可通;亭臺(tái)樓閣,假山池塘的布局,獨(dú)具匠心,有“以小見大”的特色。園內(nèi)屋宇還綴有精致的磚刻木雕,具有明清兩代南方建筑藝術(shù)的風(fēng)格。園內(nèi)一景,點(diǎn)春堂是一八五三年上?!靶〉稌?huì)”起義軍的城北指揮所。豫園自十六世紀(jì)后,曾幾度變遷,屢遭摧殘。至解放前夕,園內(nèi)景物荒蕪殆盡。解放后重新進(jìn)行了修繕,至一九六一年開放,成為上海人民參觀瀏覽的場所。參考譯文(92)1)Yuyuanwasoriginallythepri
6、vategardenofPanYunduanthegovernorofSichuanProvinceduringtheMingDynasty.2,3)Thegardenwhoseconstructionbeganin1559andwascompletedin1577boastsalonghistoryofmorethanfourcenturies.4,5)Itcoversanareaofover20000squaremetersandisdividedinsomethirtydifferentscenesconnectedbytwist
7、ingcorridorsandpassages.6)Thelayoutofthepavilionsterracestowersrockeriesandpondsshowsmuchoriginalityinaffordingawideviewinasmallconfinedspace.7)BuildingsinthegardenornamentedwithfinebrickdesignsandwoodcarvingsarecharacteristicoftheSouthernarchitecturalstyleoftheMingandQi
8、ngDynasties.8)OnesceneistheHallforSummoningSpringusedbytheuprisingarmyofthe“SmallSwordSociety”in1853ast