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1、智課網(wǎng)TOEFL備考資料托福閱讀機經(jīng)背景文化類：馴服噩夢Inthenewmovie,'Inception,'amasterthiefisabletoinfiltratepeoples'dreamsandstealtheirsubconscioussecrets--evenplantadreamideathey'llthinkistheirown.Asfantasticalasthatseems,anevolvingareaofsleepresearchholdsthatitispossibleforpeopletodirecttheirowndreams,inalimitedway.Forex
2、ample,peoplewhosufferfromrecurringnightmarescanlearntosubstitutehappierendings.Practitionersofluciddreaming--whotrainthemselvestobeawarethattheyaredreaming--saytheycantryoutfantasieslikeflying.在新電影《盜夢空間》(Inception)中，大盜能夠潛入人們的夢中，偷走他們潛意識中的秘密──甚至還能植入夢的構(gòu)思，讓人們以為那是自己的夢。正如它所展現(xiàn)的奇妙想象一樣，一個發(fā)展之中的睡眠研究領(lǐng)域認為，人們可以有限
3、地指揮自己的夢。例如，反復(fù)做噩夢的人可以學(xué)會用更快樂的夢境結(jié)局取而代之。清醒夢境的實踐者──訓(xùn)練自己意識到在做什么夢的人──說，他們可以在夢中嘗試像飛行這樣的幻想。Orderingupadreamaboutanaggingpersonalproblemisdifficult,butpossible,saysRobertStickgold,anassociateprofessorofpsychiatryatHarvardMedicalSchool.'Asyougotobedtonight,reallythinkaboutsomeofthoseemotionalissuesthatyouhaven
4、'twantedtodealwith.You'vegotabouta10%to20%shot.'哈佛醫(yī)學(xué)院(HarvardMedicalSchool)的精神病學(xué)副教授羅伯特斯蒂克戈爾德(RobertStickgold)說，控制關(guān)于煩人的個人問題的夢很難，但卻是可能的?！叭绻憬裢砩洗矔r考慮過某些你不想處理的感情問題，那么你夢到這些問題的幾率約為10%至20%。”Thatfitswiththecurrentunderstandingofwhatdreamsareandwhywehavethem.Oncethoughttorepresentrepressedsexualurges,orsimply
5、neuronsfiringrandomly,dreamsarenowbelievedtobemash-upscreatedbytheunconsciousmindasitprocesses,sortsandstoresemotionsfromtheday.'Wetakeourproblemstosleepandweworkthroughthemduringthenight,'saysRosalindCartwright,anemeritusprofessorofatRushUniversityMedicalCenterinChicago,whohasspentnearly50yearsstud
6、yingsleepanddreams.這與目前人們對夢是什么以及我們?yōu)楹螘鰤舻睦斫庀喾?。人們曾?jīng)認為夢表示被壓抑的性沖動，或只是隨機的神經(jīng)元放電，但現(xiàn)在人們認為，夢是由潛意識處理、分類和儲存白天的情感時產(chǎn)生的混合產(chǎn)物?！拔覀儙е鴨栴}入睡，在夜里處理這些問題，”位于芝加哥的拉什大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)中心(RushUniversityMedicalCenter)的神經(jīng)學(xué)榮譽退休教授羅莎琳德卡特賴特(RosalindCartwright)說。她曾花了近50年的時間研究睡眠和夢。Hernewbook,'TheTwenty-FourHourMind,'explainsthatthemindlatchesontoso
7、methreadofunfinishedemotionalbusinessfromtheday.Then,inREMsleep(therapideyemovementperiodwhenmostdreamingoccurs),itcallsupbitsofoldermemoriesthataresomehowrelated,andmeldsthemtogether.'That'swhydreams
