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1、在職研究生優(yōu)勢(shì)http://www.yanedu.com新托福閱讀機(jī)經(jīng)背景知識(shí) 上篇背景知識(shí)我們主要是總結(jié)整理了考生的回憶內(nèi)容，把文章的大致結(jié)構(gòu)和內(nèi)容架構(gòu)出來(lái)了，因此在中篇和下篇中，朗閣海外考試研究中心的專家將重點(diǎn)放到一些相似的英語(yǔ)背景材料分析上，仔細(xì)來(lái)看看是通過(guò)怎樣的實(shí)驗(yàn)來(lái)了解鳥(niǎo)類學(xué)習(xí)唱歌這個(gè)過(guò)程的。 BACKGROUND/DISCUSSION SongbirdsincludethosebirdsfromtheorderPasseriformes,commonlycalledpasserine
2、s.Thereareapproximately5,400differentspeciesofpasserines.ThesuborderOscineincludesthosebirdsthatwetendtothinkofasyourtypicalsongbird,thosebirdsthathavecomplexsongsasadults.InthemajorityofOscines,themaleistheonewiththecomplexsingingability,andthereismuch
3、diversityamongmalesofdifferentspeciesinthelengthandcomplexityoftheirsongs. Songneedstobedeveloped,justlikeanyothercharacteristicofsongbirdbehavior.Singingthecorrectsongforthatspeciesisnotaninstinctualprocess.Theneedtosingisinstinctual,howeverwhatsongto
4、singhasbeenfoundtobelearned.Whenandwhereyoungsongbirdslearntheirsongshaslongbeenstudied.Justassongbirdsdifferintheirsongs,theyalsodifferintheirsonglearningprocess,thoughsomebasicprinciplesseemtobethesame.Manyspecieslearntheirsongonlyduringthefirstfewmon
5、ths,thoughafewcanlearnsongstheirentirelives.Alsodifferingbetweenspeciesisfromwhothesongsarelearned,andhowmuchofthesongsareaccuratelyimitated. Somespeciesmayexactlycopythesongstheyareexposedto.Ontheotherhand,manywillnotexactlyimitatethesongorsongsthatth
6、eyhavebeenexposedto.Insteadtheywilltakebitsandpiecesofitandinventtheirownsong,thoughusuallysimilarinconstructiontothatwhichthespeciesnormallysings. 重點(diǎn)詞匯： Passerine：雀形目的，雀形鳥(niǎo) Oscine：鳴禽類的，鳴禽類的鳥(niǎo) Instinctual：本能的 Principles：原則 Imitate：模仿，效仿 exposedto：曝
7、露于，公開(kāi)揭露 bitsandpieces：曲子的部分調(diào)子或小節(jié)中國(guó)在職研究生網(wǎng)提供www.yanedu.com在職研究生優(yōu)勢(shì)http://www.yanedu.com 點(diǎn)撥迷津： 重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容是在第二段和第三段，告訴我們鳴禽類唱歌是一種本能，但是如何去學(xué)會(huì)唱歌的是實(shí)驗(yàn)所要研究的問(wèn)題。雖然每種不同的鳴禽有不同的學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程，但是有一些基本的原則是相同的，例如大部分的鳥(niǎo)都是在出生的前幾個(gè)月學(xué)習(xí)唱歌。另外一個(gè)要關(guān)注的問(wèn)題就是鳥(niǎo)類是不是準(zhǔn)確地模仿到了自己所聽(tīng)到的歌聲?！ heBasicFeaturesofS
8、ongLearning Ninemalessongsparrowswerecollectedfromthewildfromfourdifferentbroodswhentheywerearound4to6daysold.Theywereraisedbypeopleuntiltheywereweanedat33to35daysoldandthenwereplacedintoindividualwire-meshcages.Livetutorswereus
