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《覆蓋措施對咸水結(jié)冰灌溉后土壤水鹽動態(tài)和棉花生產(chǎn)的影響》由會員上傳分享，免費在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容在學(xué)術(shù)論文-天天文庫。
1、棉花學(xué)報CottonScience2015袁27淵2冤院135―142覆蓋措施對咸水結(jié)冰灌溉后土壤水鹽動態(tài)和棉花生產(chǎn)的影響1,211,211*封曉輝袁張秀梅袁郭凱袁謝志霞袁劉小京(1.中國科學(xué)院遺傳與發(fā)育生物學(xué)研究所農(nóng)業(yè)資源研究中心/中國科學(xué)院農(nóng)業(yè)水資源重點實驗室袁石家莊050021曰2.中國科學(xué)院大學(xué)袁北京100049)摘要院對咸水結(jié)冰灌溉融冰后不同防止返鹽措施處理的土壤水鹽動態(tài)以及棉花的出苗堯生長特征和產(chǎn)量進行了研究遙結(jié)果表明袁不同的覆蓋措施對抑制土壤表層水分蒸發(fā)的效果有顯著差異袁3月和4月份表層土壤含水量影響5月份的
2、含鹽量袁而5月份表層土壤的含鹽量直接決定棉花出苗率遙地膜覆蓋和保留前茬舊膜的處理保墑抑鹽效果最好袁棉花出苗率和產(chǎn)量也最高曰秸稈覆蓋也有一定的抑鹽效果曰而翻耕和中耕對土壤保墑抑鹽的作用較差曰液態(tài)膜處理的抑鹽效果最差袁棉花的出苗率和產(chǎn)量最低遙可見保留前茬舊膜是簡便有效的保墑抑鹽途徑遙關(guān)鍵詞院咸水結(jié)冰灌溉曰水鹽運移曰覆蓋曰重鹽堿地曰棉花中圖分類號院S562.04文獻標志碼院A文章編號院1002-7807淵2015冤02-0135-08院10.11963/issn.1002-7807.2015020061,21111*FengXi
3、aohui,ZhangXiumei,GuoKai,XieZhixia,LiuXiaojing(1.050021,;2.100049,)SalinewaterfreezingirrigationinwinterisaneffectivewaytoplantcottonintheheavysalinelandofnorthernChina,wherethereislittlefreshwatertocultivatecrops.Aftersalinewatericemeltsinspring,mulchingisnecessa
4、rytomaintainalowsaltcontentinthesurfacesoil.Inthisstudyweinvestigatedtheeffectsofdifferentfieldsoilsaltcontrolmeasuresontheemer-gencerateofcottonseeds,growthcharacteristicsandcottonyield.Theresultsindicatedthat,inspring,filmmulchingandoldfilmmulchingcouldeffective
5、lyreduceevaporationandsaltaccumulationatthesoilsurface.Strawmulchingwasthenextmosteffectivetreatment,followedbyliquidfilm,whiletillageandintertillageweretheleasteffectivetreatments.EmergenceofcottonseedswasdependentonthesaltcontentofthetopsoillayerinMay,whichwascl
6、oselyrelatedtosoilmoistureinMarchandApril.Cottonyieldswerepositivelycorrelatedwithseedemergencerates.Cottonyieldsoffieldsmulchedwithplasticfilmandoldfilmwerethehighestat3226.13and3142.14kg窯hm－2,respectively,whilecottonyieldsoffieldsmulchedwithstraw(2029.81kg窯hm－2)
7、andliquidfilm(782.79kg窯hm－2)weremuchlower.Accordingtothecottonseedemergenceratesandyields,thisstudyfoundthatoldfilmmulchingafterthesalineicemeltedcouldeffectivelycontrolsaltaccumulationandwasalsoatimeandlaborsavingmeasure.salinewaterfreezingirrigation;soilsaltandw
8、aterdynamics;mulching;heavysalinesoil;cotton在環(huán)渤海地區(qū)袁大面積的重鹽堿地由于缺乏的原理和當(dāng)?shù)刎S富的咸水資源在冬季對鹽漬土淡水資源袁長期處于撂荒狀態(tài)袁土地利用效率低進行結(jié)冰灌溉袁通過冰層對土體凍融過程的抑制下袁如何提高重鹽堿地的利用效率是亟待解決的作用和冰層融
