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1、2126單詞中文3573字外文翻譯EastAsia’sAnti-dumpingProblemMaterialSource:WileyOnlineLibraryAuthor:ThomasJ.Prusa1.INTRODUCTIONThemorethingschange,themoretheystaythesame.Inthe1970santi-dumping(AD)wasthemostcommontypeoftradedispute,andEastAsiancountriesweretheleadingtargetsoftheseinvestigations.Thesamewastruein
2、the1980s.Thesamewasalsotrueinthe1990s.Thesameisstilltruetoday.Forallthehueandcryaboutsafeguards,Super301,government-subsidizedexports,etc.,ADwas,is,andfortheindefinitefuturewillcontinuetobe,theundisputedkingofprotection.Severalauthorshavedocumentedtheworld’sgrowingADproblem(Mirandaetal.,1998;Prus
3、a,2001;andZanardi,2004).EachstudyprovidesevidenceofthegrowinguseandproliferationofADprotection.Prusa(2005)perhapsoffersthebestevidence,pointingoutthatintermsofthequantityoftradelitigation,ADhaslappedthefield–severaltimesover.Between1995and2000,WTOmembersreported61safeguardinvestigations,115counte
4、rvailingdutyinvestigations,and1,441ADinvestigations!Saidsomewhatdifferently,overthepast25yearstherehavebeenmoredisputesundertheADagreementthanunderalltheotherGATT/WTOtradestatutesputtogether.WhilethereisconsiderabledisagreementwhetherADlevelsortiltstheplayingfield,therecanbelittledoubtthatEastAsi
5、ancountrieshavebeen,andwilllikelycontinuetobe,theleadingtargetsofADactions.Simplyput,ADisaseriousproblemforEastAsia;byalmostanymeasureEastAsiancountriesaresubjecttoadisproportionateshareofADactions.Theextentofthedisparityhasnotbeenrecognizedinanypreviousstudies.Thegoalofthispaperistoeliminatethis
6、gapintheliterature.Forthispaper,IreviewADdisputesoverthepast25yearsandfindthatEastAsianeconomies–Japan,Indonesia,SouthKorea,Malaysia,Philippines,Singapore,Thailand,China-TaiwanandChina-PRC–arenotonlysubjecttoanextraordinarilylargenumberofADactionsbutalsoaccountformostoftheworldwidegrowthinADactio
7、ns.IwillshowthatthegrowthofADhaslargelycomeattheexpenseofEastAsiancountries.AnotherdetailthatthispaperuncoversisthatEastAsiancountrieshavelargelyshunnedtheuseofAD.ThisisalsodepictedinFigure1whereIcalculatethefractionof