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1、中文3150字畢業(yè)論文外文翻譯出處：openeconomiesreview作者SAMARVERMAM原文：ExportCompetitivenessofIndianTextileandGarmentIndustryINTRODUCTIONTheinternationaltradeintextileandclothingsectorshasbeenaegregiousexceptiontothemostfavourednationprincipleofGATTand,sincetheearly1960s,hasbeenacaseofmanag
2、edtradethroughforcedconsensus.However,theWTOAgreementonTextileandClothing(ATC)markedasignificantturnaround.AccordingtotheATC,beginning1stJanuary1995,alltextilesandclothingproductsthathadbeenhithertosubjectedtoMFA-quota,arescheduledtobeintegratedintoWTOoveraperiodoftenyears
3、.“Thedismantlingofthequotaregimerepresentsbothanopportunityaswellasathreat.Anopportunitybecausemarketswillnolongerberestricted;athreatbecausemarketswillnolongerbeguaranteedbyquotas,andeventhedomesticmarketwillbeopentocompetition”.From1stJanuary2005,therefore,alltextileandc
4、lothingproductswouldbetradedinternationallywithoutquota-restrictions.Andthisimpendingrealitybringstheissueofcompetitivenesstotheforeforallfirmsinthetextileandclothingsectors,includingthoseinIndia.ItisimperativetounderstandthetruecompetitivenessofIndiantextileandclothingfir
5、msinordertomakeanassessmentofwhatliesaheadin2005andbeyond.Owingtoitssignificantcontribution,theIndiantextileandclothingindustryoccupiesauniqueplaceintheIndianeconomy.Itcontributesabout4%ofGDPand14%ofindustrialoutput.Secondlargestemployerafteragriculture,theindustryprovides
6、directemploymentto35millionpeopleincludingsubstantialsegmentsofweakersectionsofsociety.Withaverylowimport-intensityofabout1.5%only,itisthelargestnetforeignexchangeearnerinIndia,earningalmost35%offoreignexchange.Thisistheonlyindustrythatisself-sufficientandcompleteincottonv
7、aluechain-producingeverythingfromfibrestothehighestvalueaddedfinishedproductofgarments.ItsgrowthandvitalitythereforehascriticalbearingsontheIndianeconomyatlarge.WhatIsCompetitiveness?Competitivenessisaboutproductivity,whichinturnisafunctionoffactorsrelatedtocostofproducts,
8、aswellasthoserelatedtonon-pricefactorssuchasdeliveryschedules,reliabilityofproducers,ands
