[工學(xué)]theopticsofspectroscopy

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1、TheOpticsofSpectroscopy-ATUTORIALByJ.M.LernerandA.ThevenonSection1:DIFFRACTIONGRATINGSRULED&HOLOGRAPHIC·1.1BasicEquations·1.2AngularDispersion·1.3LinearDispersion·1.4WavelengthandOrder·1.5Resolving"Power"·1.6BlazedGratingso1.6.1LittrowConditiono1.6.2Efficie

2、ncyProfileso1.6.3EfficiencyandOrder·1.7DiffractionGratingStrayLighto1.7.1ScatteredLighto1.7.2Ghosts·1.8ChoiceofGratingso1.8.1WhentoChooseaHolographicGratingo1.8.2WhentoChooseaRuledGratingSection2:MONOCHROMATORS&SPECTROGRAPHS·2.1BasicDesigns·2.2FastieEbertCo

3、nfiguration·2.3CzernyTurnerConfiguration·2.4CzernyTurner/FastieEbertPGSAberrationso2.4.1AberrationCorrectingPlaneGratings·2.5ConcaveAberrationCorrectedHolographicGratings·2.6CalculatingalphaandbetainaMonochromatorConfiguration·2.7MonochromatorSystemOptics

4、·2.8ApertureStopsandEntranceandExitPupils·2.9ApertureRatio(f/value,f/Number),andNumericalAperture(NA)o2.9.1f/valueofaLensSystemo2.9.2f/valueofaSpectrometero2.9.3MagnificationandFluxDensity·2.10ExitSlitWidthandAnamorphism·2.11SlitHeightMagnification·2.12Bandp

5、assandResolutiono2.12.1InfluenceoftheSlits(P1(l))o2.12.2InfluenceofDiffractionP2(l))o2.12.3InfluenceofAberrations(P3(l))o2.12.4DeterminationoftheFWHMoftheInstrumentalProfileo2.12.5ImageWidthandArrayDetectorso2.12.6Discussion·2.13OrderandResolution·2.14Disper

6、sionandMaximumWavelength·2.15OrderandDispersion·2.16ChoosingaMonochromator/SpectrographSection3:SPECTROMETERTHROUGHPUT&ETENDUE·3.1Definitionso3.1.1IntroductiontoEtendue·3.2RelativeSystemThroughputo3.2.1CalculationoftheEtendue·3.3FluxEnteringtheSpectrometer·3

7、.4ExampleofCompleteSystemOptimizationwithaSmallDiameterFiberOpticLightSource·3.5ExampleofCompleteSystemOptimizationwithanExtendedLightSource·3.6VariationofThroughputandBandpasswithSlitWidthso3.6.1ContinuousSpectralSourceo3.6.2DiscreteSpectralSourceSection4:O

8、PTICALSIGNALTONOISERATIOANDSTRAYLIGHT·4.1RandomStrayLighto4.1.1OpticalSignaltoNoiseRatioinaSpectrometero4.1.2TheQuantificationofSignalo4.1.3TheQuantificationofStrayLighto4.1.4OptimizationofS