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1、第27卷第4期巖石力學(xué)與工程學(xué)報(bào)Vol.27No.42008年4月ChineseJournalofRockMechanicsandEngineeringApril,2008循環(huán)荷載作用下巖石阻尼特性的試驗(yàn)研究11,213劉建鋒,謝和平,徐進(jìn),楊春和(1.四川大學(xué)水利水電學(xué)院,四川成都610065;2.中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)巖石力學(xué)與分形研究所,北京100083;3.中國科學(xué)院武漢巖土力學(xué)研究所巖土力學(xué)與工程國家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室,湖北武漢430071)摘要:對(duì)2組紅層泥質(zhì)粉砂巖在MTS815FlexTestGT巖石力學(xué)試驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)上進(jìn)行單軸4級(jí)循環(huán)加卸載試驗(yàn)。試驗(yàn)加載波形采用正弦
2、波,頻率3Hz,循環(huán)應(yīng)力幅值小于其平均抗壓強(qiáng)度,單級(jí)應(yīng)力幅值為30個(gè)振動(dòng)循環(huán),得到動(dòng)彈性模量和阻尼比隨動(dòng)應(yīng)變的變化規(guī)律。通過試驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn),泥質(zhì)粉砂巖在循環(huán)荷載作用下的加卸載應(yīng)力–應(yīng)變曲線并不重合,而是形成一個(gè)封閉的滯回環(huán),動(dòng)應(yīng)變相位始終滯后于動(dòng)應(yīng)力相位;滯回環(huán)在荷載反轉(zhuǎn)處并非橢圓形,而是尖葉狀,在該處巖石的塑性變形小,彈性變形響應(yīng)迅速。隨動(dòng)應(yīng)力幅值增加,泥質(zhì)粉砂巖的動(dòng)應(yīng)變?cè)黾?,?dòng)彈性模量隨動(dòng)應(yīng)變?cè)黾泳€性遞減,而阻尼比則線性遞增。得到2組泥質(zhì)粉砂巖的平均動(dòng)彈性模量和阻尼比與動(dòng)應(yīng)變的2相關(guān)表達(dá)式,其相關(guān)系數(shù)的平方R均超過98%。巖石的不可逆塑性變形隨動(dòng)應(yīng)變?cè)黾佣龃?/p>
3、,同時(shí)由循環(huán)荷載引起的損傷變形也逐漸增加。關(guān)鍵詞:巖石力學(xué);循環(huán)荷載;動(dòng)彈性模量;不可逆變形;阻尼比中圖分類號(hào):TU45文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A文章編號(hào):1000–6915(2008)04–0712–06EXPERIMENTALSTUDYONDAMPINGCHARACTERISTICSOFROCKUNDERCYCLICLOADING11,213LIUJianfeng,XIEHeping,XUJin,YANGChunhe(1.SchoolofWaterResourcesandHydropower,SichuanUniversity,Chengdu,Sichuan6100
4、65,China;2.InstituteofRockMechanicsandFractals,ChinaUniversityofMiningandTechnology,Beijing100083,China;3.StateKeyLaboratoryofGeomechanicsandGeotechnicalEngineering,InstituteofRockandSoilMechanics,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Wuhan,Hubei430071,China)Abstract:Thefour-gradeuniaxialcyclic
5、loadingandunloadingtestsfortwogroupsofredargillaceoussiltstoneswerecarriedoutonMTS815FlexTestGTrockmechanicstestsystem.Thesinewaveisadoptedinloadingtest,anditsfrequencywas3Hz.Themaximumcyclicstresswaslessthanthevalueoftheaverageintensityofcompression;andthecyclicnumberofeachlevelcy
6、clicstresswas30.Throughthetest,therelationshipsofdynamicmoduliofelasticityanddampingratiotodynamicstrainforthetwogroupsofrocksweregained.Thetestresultsshowedthatthecurvesofstrainandstressforloadingandunloadingwerenotsuperpositionundercyclicloading,buthysteresisloops.Thestrainwavelo
7、cationwasalwayslaterthanstresswavelocation;andthehysteresisloopswerenotellipse-shaped,buttine-lobationwhenthecyclicloadingwasreversed.Thedynamicstrainincreasedwiththeincreaseofoscillationamplitude;thedynamicmodulesofelasticitywaslinearlydecreasingwiththedynamicstrainincreasing,butt
8、hedampingratiowasreversed.