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1、第27卷第4期巖石力學與工程學報Vol.27No.42008年4月ChineseJournalofRockMechanicsandEngineeringApril,2008循環(huán)荷載作用下巖石阻尼特性的試驗研究11,213劉建鋒,謝和平,徐進,楊春和(1.四川大學水利水電學院,四川成都610065;2.中國礦業(yè)大學巖石力學與分形研究所,北京100083;3.中國科學院武漢巖土力學研究所巖土力學與工程國家重點實驗室,湖北武漢430071)摘要:對2組紅層泥質粉砂巖在MTS815FlexTestGT巖石力學試驗系統(tǒng)上進行單軸4級循環(huán)加卸載試驗。試驗加載波形采用正弦
2、波,頻率3Hz,循環(huán)應力幅值小于其平均抗壓強度,單級應力幅值為30個振動循環(huán),得到動彈性模量和阻尼比隨動應變的變化規(guī)律。通過試驗發(fā)現(xiàn),泥質粉砂巖在循環(huán)荷載作用下的加卸載應力–應變曲線并不重合,而是形成一個封閉的滯回環(huán),動應變相位始終滯后于動應力相位;滯回環(huán)在荷載反轉處并非橢圓形,而是尖葉狀,在該處巖石的塑性變形小,彈性變形響應迅速。隨動應力幅值增加,泥質粉砂巖的動應變增加,動彈性模量隨動應變增加線性遞減,而阻尼比則線性遞增。得到2組泥質粉砂巖的平均動彈性模量和阻尼比與動應變的2相關表達式,其相關系數(shù)的平方R均超過98%。巖石的不可逆塑性變形隨動應變增加而增大
3、,同時由循環(huán)荷載引起的損傷變形也逐漸增加。關鍵詞:巖石力學;循環(huán)荷載;動彈性模量;不可逆變形;阻尼比中圖分類號:TU45文獻標識碼:A文章編號:1000–6915(2008)04–0712–06EXPERIMENTALSTUDYONDAMPINGCHARACTERISTICSOFROCKUNDERCYCLICLOADING11,213LIUJianfeng,XIEHeping,XUJin,YANGChunhe(1.SchoolofWaterResourcesandHydropower,SichuanUniversity,Chengdu,Sichuan6100
4、65,China;2.InstituteofRockMechanicsandFractals,ChinaUniversityofMiningandTechnology,Beijing100083,China;3.StateKeyLaboratoryofGeomechanicsandGeotechnicalEngineering,InstituteofRockandSoilMechanics,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Wuhan,Hubei430071,China)Abstract:Thefour-gradeuniaxialcyclic
5、loadingandunloadingtestsfortwogroupsofredargillaceoussiltstoneswerecarriedoutonMTS815FlexTestGTrockmechanicstestsystem.Thesinewaveisadoptedinloadingtest,anditsfrequencywas3Hz.Themaximumcyclicstresswaslessthanthevalueoftheaverageintensityofcompression;andthecyclicnumberofeachlevelcy
6、clicstresswas30.Throughthetest,therelationshipsofdynamicmoduliofelasticityanddampingratiotodynamicstrainforthetwogroupsofrocksweregained.Thetestresultsshowedthatthecurvesofstrainandstressforloadingandunloadingwerenotsuperpositionundercyclicloading,buthysteresisloops.Thestrainwavelo
7、cationwasalwayslaterthanstresswavelocation;andthehysteresisloopswerenotellipse-shaped,buttine-lobationwhenthecyclicloadingwasreversed.Thedynamicstrainincreasedwiththeincreaseofoscillationamplitude;thedynamicmodulesofelasticitywaslinearlydecreasingwiththedynamicstrainincreasing,butt
8、hedampingratiowasreversed.