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1、Chapter2Laws,PracticesforInternationalTradeObjectives:1.Tounderstandthedifferenteffectsbetweenlawandpracticetothedealer’sbehavior;2.Tounderstandtheroleoftradeterms;3.Tounderstandthedifferencesbetween2010Incotermsand2000Incterms;4Tomastereleventradeterms.Contents:2.1LawsandPracticesforInte
2、rnationalTrade2.2InternationalTradeTerms2.1LawsandPracticesforInternationalTradeAsweallknow,aninternationalSalesContractismadebetweenpartieswhoseplacesofbusinessareindifferentStates.Toensurethefulfillmentofthecontractandtoprotecttherespectiverightsandobligationsofbothparties,theregulation
3、ofthebusinessbylawsorinternationaltradepracticeapplicableareabsolutelynecessary.Theyareofthefollowingthreekinds:2.1.1DomesticLaws2.1.2InternationalTreatyorAgreement2.1.3InternationalTradePractice2.1.1.DomesticLaws2.1.2.InternationalTreatyorAgreement聯(lián)合國(guó)國(guó)際貨物銷售合同公約(UnitedNationsConventiononC
4、ontractsfortheinternationalSaleofGoods,CISG),CISG是與我國(guó)進(jìn)行貨物進(jìn)出口貿(mào)易關(guān)系最大,亦是最重要的一項(xiàng)國(guó)際公約。2.1.3.InternationalTradePractice(1)《國(guó)際貿(mào)易術(shù)語(yǔ)解釋通則》(Incoterms2010)(2)《跟單信用證統(tǒng)一慣例》(UniformCustomsandPracticeForDocumentaryCredits,UCP600)(3)《托收統(tǒng)一規(guī)則》(UniformRulesforCollection,URC522)國(guó)際商業(yè)慣例的特征普遍接受性,普遍接受要求國(guó)際商業(yè)慣例有一個(gè)長(zhǎng)期的
5、和反復(fù)的使用過(guò)程才能形成。確定性,指具有確定的內(nèi)容使國(guó)際商業(yè)慣例能夠?qū)?guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)交往活動(dòng)起規(guī)定的作用。任意性,國(guó)際商業(yè)慣例不是法律,對(duì)當(dāng)事人不具有強(qiáng)制性,只有在當(dāng)事人在合同中約定引用慣例時(shí),才對(duì)當(dāng)事人具有法律約束力。同時(shí),當(dāng)事人在引用慣例時(shí)可以對(duì)慣例進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的修改和增減。Attention2.2InternationalTradeTerms《國(guó)際貿(mào)易術(shù)語(yǔ)解釋通則》是當(dāng)前在國(guó)際貿(mào)易中使用最廣的、影響力最大的有關(guān)國(guó)際貿(mào)易術(shù)語(yǔ)解釋通則。究竟什么是國(guó)際貿(mào)易術(shù)語(yǔ)呢?為什么要使用國(guó)際貿(mào)易術(shù)語(yǔ)?2.2.1Warsaw-OxfordRules1932Rulesinterpretedunif
6、ormrulesofCIFcontract2.2.2RevisedAmericanForeignTradeDefinitions1941(1)Ex(pointoforigin);(2)FOB(FreeonBoard);(3)FAS(FreeAlongsideShip);(4)C&F(CostandFreight);(5)CIF(Cost,InsuranceandFreight);(6)ExDock(NamedPortofImportation).2.2.3INCOTERMS2010考慮到目前世界上免稅區(qū)的增加,電子通訊的普遍使用以及貨物運(yùn)輸安全性的提高,國(guó)際商會(huì)對(duì)Inco
7、terms2000進(jìn)行了相應(yīng)的修改,Incoterms2010于2011年1月1日正式生效。Incoterms2010和Incoterms2000的不同之處:(1)貿(mào)易術(shù)語(yǔ)由13種減少至11種,并產(chǎn)生兩個(gè)新貿(mào)易術(shù)語(yǔ)(2)貿(mào)易術(shù)語(yǔ)的分類標(biāo)準(zhǔn)有了新變化(3)Incoterms2010同樣適用于國(guó)內(nèi)買賣合同(4)Incoterms2010賦予賦予電子單據(jù)與書面單據(jù)同樣的效力(5)集裝箱碼頭操作費(fèi)問(wèn)題2010Incterms分類第一類:適用于任何運(yùn)輸方式:EXW,F(xiàn)CA,CPT,CIP,DAT,DAP,DDP第二類:僅適用于水上運(yùn)輸(