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1、WilliamFaulkner'snovelsAmericanWriterBorn:Sept.25,1897Died:July6,1962Awardsandhonors:NobelPrizeforliterature,writtenatotalof19novelsandnearlyonehundredshortstories,15MinisterofpapersandthevastmajorityofshortstoriesareinYoknapatawphaCounty,calledYoknapatawphadescent.The
2、contextisthestoryofseveralgenerationsofseveralfamiliesofthiscountyJeffersontownanditssuburbsbelongtodifferentsocialclassesHecamefromanoldsouthernfamily,grewupinOxford,Mississippi.HejoinedtheCanadian,andlatertheBritish,RoyalAirForceduringtheFirstWorldWar,studiedforawhil
3、eattheUniversityofMississippi支配這個(gè)家族的是福克納的曾祖父威廉·克拉科·??思{老上校。他既是種植園主,又是軍人、作家、政治家。DominatethethisfamilyistheoldColonelFaulkner'sgreat-grandfatherWilliamKrakowFaulkner.Heisbothaplanter,soldier,writer,statesman.characteristicsHeightfivefeet,sixinchestallHobbiesdrinkingCarryi
4、ngthepipeStrongwillThesouthernersuniquesenseofhumorEarlywritingcareer,aneditorwaswrongtospellhisnameas"Faulkner,"andFaulknerdecidedtowronglyusingit《士兵的報(bào)酬》(Soldiers'Pay)(1926)《蚊群》(Mosquitoes)(1927)《薩托里斯》(Sartoris)(1929)《喧嘩與騷動(dòng)》(TheSoundandtheFury)(1929)《我彌留之際》(AsILayDyin
5、g)(1930)《圣殿》(Sanctuary)(1931)《八月之光》(LightinAugust)(1932)《塔門(mén)》(Pylon)(1935)《押沙龍,押沙龍!》(Absalom,Absalom!)(1936)《不敗者》(TheUnvanquished)(1938)《野棕櫚》(IfIForgetTheeJerusalem(TheWildPalms/OldMan))(1939)《村子》(TheHamlet)(1940)《去吧,摩西》(GoDown,Moses)(1942)《闖入墳?zāi)沟娜恕罚↖ntruderintheDust)(19
6、48)《修女安魂曲》(RequiemforaNun)(1951)《寓言》(AFable)(1954)《鎮(zhèn)》(TheTown)(1957)《大宅》(TheMansion)(1959)《掠奪者》(TheReivers)(1962)《FlagsintheDust》(1973)福克納深受家庭傳統(tǒng)和南方風(fēng)土人情的影響。他的作品中有南方人特有的幽默感,深入刻畫(huà)黑人與白人的地位、相處、矛盾等敏感問(wèn)題,生動(dòng)描繪出惟妙惟肖的南方人形象。familytraditionsandSoutherncustoms.Southernersuniquesenseo
7、fhumor,hisworkdepthcharacterizationofthestatus,contradictions,andothersensitiveissues,andvividlydepictsaimageofSoutherners..福克納筆下的劇情浸染著人物的復(fù)雜心理變化,細(xì)膩的感情描寫(xiě)穿插其中。他作品最大的外在特點(diǎn)是綿延婉轉(zhuǎn)、結(jié)構(gòu)極為繁復(fù)的長(zhǎng)句子和反復(fù)斟酌推敲后選取的精巧詞匯。他一生多產(chǎn),令很多美國(guó)作家羨艷不已,不過(guò)也有很多人對(duì)其持批評(píng)態(tài)度。他和風(fēng)格簡(jiǎn)潔明了、干脆利落的海明威更是兩個(gè)極端。一般認(rèn)為他是1930年代唯
8、一一位真正意義上的美國(guó)現(xiàn)代主義作家,與歐洲文學(xué)試驗(yàn)者喬伊斯、伍爾芙、普魯斯特等人遙相呼應(yīng),大量運(yùn)用意識(shí)流、多角度敘述和陳述中時(shí)間推移等富有創(chuàng)新性的文學(xué)手法。1930年代中,為了賺錢(qián)他出版了低俗小說(shuō)類(lèi)型的《圣殿》(Sanctuary)。