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1、石油學(xué)報(bào)(石油加32)2013年8月ACTAPETROLEISINICA(PETROLEUMPROCESSINGSECT1ON)第29卷第4期文章編號:1001—8719(2013)04—0633—08催化裂化外取熱器傳熱與流動特性的大型冷模實(shí)驗(yàn)孫富偉,張永民,盧春喜,趙嵐。(1.中國石油大學(xué)重質(zhì)油國家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室,北京102249;2.中國昆侖工程公司,北京100037;3.中國石油遼河石化公司,遼寧盤錦124022)摘要:為了深入認(rèn)識催化裂化外取熱器內(nèi)的傳熱和流動特性,在1套乒5Oomm×3.0m、內(nèi)設(shè)9根豎直翅片取熱管的大型催化裂化外取熱
2、器冷態(tài)模型中,采用和工業(yè)裝置類似的傳熱機(jī)制,測量了不同操作條件下外取熱器內(nèi)取熱管傳熱系數(shù)的變化規(guī)律,并結(jié)合床層密度軸、徑向變化規(guī)律進(jìn)行了分析。結(jié)果表明,取熱管傳熱系數(shù)隨表觀氣速(“)增大呈現(xiàn)先增大后減小的趨勢,峰值點(diǎn)出現(xiàn)在0.4m/s時(shí),這一趨勢和床層從鼓泡到湍動的流域轉(zhuǎn)變密切相關(guān),工業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)中可以選用床層的起始湍動速度作為最佳操作氣速;由于中心區(qū)域氣泡和顆粒更為強(qiáng)烈的運(yùn)動,因此中心處取熱管的傳熱系數(shù)顯著高于邊壁區(qū)域取熱管的傳熱系數(shù),和床層中心稀、邊壁濃的床層密度徑向分布相對應(yīng);隨著床層高度的不斷降低,取熱管傳熱系數(shù)呈現(xiàn)單調(diào)下降的趨勢,因此改變
3、床層高度可以作為調(diào)節(jié)外取熱器取熱負(fù)荷的一個(gè)有效手段。關(guān)鍵詞:外取熱器;傳熱系數(shù);流動;流化床;催化裂化中圖分類號:TE62414;TE62文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼:Adoi:10.3969/j.issn.i001—8719.2013.04.013LargeCold—ModelExperimentonHeatTransferandHydrodynamicsofanFCCExternalCatalystCoolerSUNFuwei~,ZHANGYongmin,LUChunxi,ZHAOLan。(1.StateKeyLaboratoryofHeavyOilPro
4、cessing,ChinaUniversityofPetroleum,Beijing102249,China2.ChinaKunlunContracting&EngineeringCorporation,Beijing100037,China;3.LiaohePetrochemicalCompany,CNPC,Panjin124022,China)Abstract:InordertoobtaindeeperinsightsontheheattransferpropertiesandhydrodynamicsofFCCexternalcatal
5、ystcooler,alargecoldfluidized—bedmodel(~500mm×3.0m)with9verticalfinnedheatexchangetubeswasestablished.Withasimilarheattransfermechanismadoptedincommercia1units。theheattransfercoefficientchangesofheatexchangetubewasmeasuredandanalyzedbasedonthebeddensitychangesalongaxialandr
6、adialdirection.Theexperimentalresultsindicatedthat,assuperficialgasvelocityincreased,theheattransfercoefficientfirstincreasedandthendecreasedat0.4m/s。whichiSrelatedtotheflowregimetransitionfrombubblingtoturbulentregime.Inindustrialdesign,thepredictedonsetturbulentvelocityca
7、nbeadoptedastheoptimumoperatinggasvelocity.Duetostrongerbubbleandparticlemovement,theheattransfercoefficientofheatexchangetubeinthecentralbedwashigherthanthatinthesidebed,whichagreedwiththemeasuredradia1beddensityprofiles.Asheattransfercoefficientdecreasedmonotonouslvwithth
8、edecreaseofbedheight,changingbedheightcanbeaneffectivemeasuretochangetheheatremova