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1、系統(tǒng)解剖學(xué)局部解剖學(xué)Regionalanatomy主講人：侯一平教授 蘭州大學(xué)基礎(chǔ)醫(yī)學(xué)院解剖教研室January,2007Copyright?Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG頭部面部顱部January,2007Copyright?Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG境界與分區(qū)頭部與頸界線是：下頜
2、骨下緣、下頜角、乳突、上項(xiàng)線和枕外隆凸間的連線。頭部分為后上方的顱部和前下方的面部，界線是：眶上緣、顴弓、外耳門和乳突連線頭部與頸：下頜骨下緣、下頜角、乳突、上項(xiàng)線和枕外隆凸間的連線。頭部分為顱部和面部，界線是：眶上緣、顴弓、外耳門和乳突連線。January,2007Copyright?Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG第一節(jié)面部一、淺層結(jié)構(gòu)二、肌肉三、面部的血管神經(jīng)四、面?zhèn)葏^(qū)January,2007Copyright?De
3、part.Anatomy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG1.皮膚：薄而軟血管較豐富及含大量的毛囊、皮脂腺和汗腺，三個(gè)特點(diǎn)很突出。2.淺筋膜：內(nèi)含豐富血管、神經(jīng)、大量的表情肌。一、淺層結(jié)構(gòu)January,2007Copyright?Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG二、面部肌肉表情肌咀嚼肌January,2007Copyri
4、ght?Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG重要的面肌有：1.眼輪匝肌2.口輪匝肌3.枕額肌和帽狀腱膜January,2007Copyright?Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG4、咀嚼肌:四對翼內(nèi)肌翼外肌顳肌咬肌January,2007Copyright?Depart.Anatomy,Schoo
5、lofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG三、面部的血管神經(jīng)1.血管（1）面部血供豐富，面淺層動(dòng)脈主要是面動(dòng)脈。（2）面靜脈和“危險(xiǎn)三角”January,2007Copyright?Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG（1）分布于面部的感覺神經(jīng)和支配咀嚼肌的神經(jīng)為三叉神經(jīng)2.面部神經(jīng)分布January,2007Copyright?Depart.A
6、natomy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG（2）支配表情肌活動(dòng)的為面神經(jīng)，分為五組分支：1）顳支2）顴支3）頰支4）下頜緣支5）頸支January,2007Copyright?Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG四、面?zhèn)葏^(qū)（一）腮腺咬肌區(qū)（二）面?zhèn)壬顓^(qū)January,2007Copyright?Depart.Anatomy
7、,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG（一）腮腺咬肌區(qū)主要結(jié)構(gòu)為腮腺及穿腮腺的結(jié)構(gòu)。January,2007Copyright?Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG以下頜支后緣為標(biāo)志分為淺、深二部。淺部略呈錐形。1.腮腺的位置和外形January,2007Copyright?Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMedic
8、ine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUan
