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1、Logisticsisreferredtothearticleflow,butnotincludingtheflowofthepeople.Daskindefinedlogisticsas‘‘thedesignandoperationofphysical,managerialandinformationalsystemsneededtoovercometimeandspace.’Theconceptofarticleinlogisticsincludestangiblegoodsandintangibleservice,suchascustomerservic
2、e,freightagentsandlogisticsnetworkdesign.Threemajorfunctionsoflogistics(1)Creatingtimevalue:samegoodscanbevalueddifferentatdifferenttimes.Goodsoftenstopduringthetransferprocess,whichisprofessionallycalledthestorageoflogistics.Itcreatesthetimevalueforgoods.(2)Creatinglocationvalue:sa
3、megoodscanbevalueddifferentlyatdifferentlocations.Thevalueaddedduringthetransferprocessisthelocationvalueoflogistics.(3)Distributionprocessingvalue:sometimeslogisticscreatedistributionprocessingvalue,whichchangesthelength,thicknessandpackagesofthegoods.Likepopularsaying,“cuttinginto
4、smallerparts”isthemostcommonlyseendistributionprocessingwithinlogisticscreateaddedvalueforgoods.Aftercompletingacommercialtransaction,logisticswillexecutethetransferofgoodsfromthesupplier(seller)tothecustomer(buyer)inthemostcost-effectivemanner.Thisisthedefinitionoflogistics.Duringt
5、hetransferprocess,hardwaresuchaslogisticsfacilitiesandequipment(logisticscarriers)areneeded,aswellasinformationcontrolandstandardization.Inaddition,supportsfromthegovernmentandlogisticsassociationshouldbeinplace.Logisticsisanewcommercialarea,developingfromthetraditionalstagetoamoder
6、none.Logisticsischangingatarapidandaccelerationrate.Therearetworeasonsareitsrapidgrowth:Firstly,pressuretochangebythedevelopmentofthesystemitself(1)High–speedcomputinganddatatransmissioncaninstantlytransmitandreacttouserdemand(2)Moreflexibleandaccuratelogisticplanningandcontrolthrou
7、ghcomputersanddataprocessing(3)Flexiblecomputerfacilitieshelpproblemsolvingandincreasedecisionsaccuracy(4)AwarenessoftotalcostmeasurementandmanagementaccountingSecondly,pressuresforchangesfromthewidereconomy.(1)Beflexibleinhandlingmarketsofdifferentsizesforbettercompetition(2)Therei
8、sincreasingspeciali
