revision material for final exam

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1、IPartsofSpeech(詞性)一、詞性的分類　　詞類又叫詞性，英語(yǔ)單詞根據(jù)其在句子中的功用，可以分成九個(gè)大類?！?名詞nounn.student學(xué)生2代詞pronounpron.you你3形容詞adjectiveadj.happy高興的　4副詞adverbadv.quickly迅速地5動(dòng)詞verbv.cut砍、割6冠詞articleart.a一個(gè)　7介詞prepositionprep.at在...8連詞conjunctionconj.and和9感嘆詞interjectioninterj.oh哦IISentenceComponent(句子成分)Subject(主語(yǔ)

2、)Predicateverb(謂語(yǔ))Object(賓語(yǔ))Predicative(表語(yǔ))Attribute(定語(yǔ))Adverbial(狀語(yǔ))Complement（補(bǔ)語(yǔ)）ThestudentsofClassTwoare?seriouslyreadingthebook?writtenbyLuXun.按句子成分劃分，此句為：Thestudents?ofClassTwo?are?seriouslyreadingthebook?writtenbyLuXun.(主語(yǔ))????(定語(yǔ))(謂語(yǔ))(狀語(yǔ))?(謂語(yǔ))?(賓語(yǔ))??(定語(yǔ))按意群劃分，此句為：ThestudentsofCla

3、ssTwo?are?seriouslyreading?thebook?writtenbyLuXun.?一、英語(yǔ)各種成分的基本含義及用法（一）、主語(yǔ)?1.Peterisawell-knownpianist.（名詞作主語(yǔ)）?2.Two-thirdsofthestudentsareboysinourschool.(數(shù)詞詞組作主語(yǔ))?3.Helikesreadingstorybooks.(代詞作主語(yǔ))?4.ToswiminKunmingLakeisagreatpleasure.（不定式短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)）?5.Whatweshalldonextisnotyetdecided.（從句作

4、主語(yǔ)）?6.Ittookustwohourstotravelaroundthecitybysubway.(It是形式主語(yǔ),totravel...部分是真正的主語(yǔ))請(qǐng)指出下列句中主語(yǔ)的中心詞。1.Theteacherwithtwoofherstudentsiswalkingintotheclassroom.2.Thereisabirdflyinginthesky.3.Theusefuldictionarywasgivenbymymotherlastyear.4.Itisverydifficulttodotoday'shomeworkwithoutyourhelp.?（二

5、）、謂語(yǔ)?1.Hisparentsareteachers.（系動(dòng)詞和表語(yǔ)一起作謂語(yǔ)）2.Westudyhard.（行為動(dòng)詞作謂語(yǔ)）3.Wehavefinishedreadingthebook.（助動(dòng)詞和行為動(dòng)詞一起作謂語(yǔ)）4.HecanspeakEnglish.（情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和行為動(dòng)詞一起作謂語(yǔ)）請(qǐng)選出下列句中謂語(yǔ)的中心詞。1.Idon'tlikethepictureonthewall.2.Thedaysgetlongerandlongerwhensummercomes.3.Doyouusuallygotoschoolbybus?4.Didthetwinshaveporr

6、idgefortheirbreakfast?5.WhatIwanttotellyouisthis.??????（三）、賓語(yǔ)1.Weoftenhelphim.（代詞作賓語(yǔ)）2.Helikestoplaybasketball.（不定式作賓語(yǔ)）3.Weenjoylisteningtothemusic.（動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)）4.Shesaid?thatshefeltsick.?（從句做賓語(yǔ)）?Thesungivesuslightandwarmth.（us為間接賓語(yǔ)，lightandwarmth為直接賓語(yǔ)）?1、間接賓語(yǔ)多指人，直接賓語(yǔ)多指物?？梢詭蓚€(gè)賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：bring,

7、give,show,send,pass,tell等。間接賓語(yǔ)一般放在直接賓語(yǔ)的前面。2、如果強(qiáng)調(diào)直接賓語(yǔ)，可把直接賓語(yǔ)放在間接賓語(yǔ)的前面，但間接賓語(yǔ)前須加介詞“to”或“for”。接to的動(dòng)詞有：give,bring,pass,lend,sell,send,show,tell,write等。Giveyourmothertheletter.＝Givethelettertoyourmother.直接賓語(yǔ)間接賓語(yǔ)接for的動(dòng)詞有：buy,find,cook,draw,get,sing等。Canyoufindmemybag?＝Canyoufindmybagf