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1、ASHORTCOURSEININTERNATIONALTRADELAWProfessorDavidA.GantzUniversityofArizona,JamesE.RogersCollegeofLawHanoi,August2004gantz@law.arizona.eduSponsoredbyTheU.S.-VietnamTradeCouncilEducationForumusvtc@usvtc.org1I.IntroductionTeachingint’ltradelawisdifficul
2、t:IssuesarecomplexToomuchmaterialtocoveradequatelyina3houronesemestercourseThereareconstantimportantchangesfromyeartoyearCasestudyisrequiredforunderstandingofWTO’sAppellateBody,evenforcivillawyers2I.Introduction,cont’d.Definitionofinternationaltradela
3、w(notthesameasint’lcommerciallaw)GATT/WTOHistoryBasicPrinciples–GATT/WTOExceptionstoGATT/WTOPrinciplesArt.XXIV,FTAsandtheVBTAWTOAccession3I.Introduction,cont’d.DohaDevelopmentRoundRulesofOriginandCustomsIssuesTradeinAgriculturalProductsTextilesandClot
4、hingTradeRemedies–Dumping,Subsides,SafeguardsWTODisputeSettlement4I.Introduction,cont'd.IntellectualPropertyTradeinServicesStandardsandPhytosanitaryMeasuresTRIMSDevelopingCountriesandWorldTrade5II.GATTandtheWTOWTO,withover146members,becameeffectivein1
5、995WTOreplacesGATT,whichgovernedworldtradefrom1947-1994MarrakeshAgreementEstablishingtheWTOhasvariousannexes:GATTandothertradeingoodsagreementsGeneralAgreementonTradeinServicesTRIPSAgreementDisputeSettlementUnderstandingTradePolicyReviewMechanism6GATT
6、/WTO,cont’d.PlurilateralAgreements(governmentcontracts,civilaircraft,bovinemeat,dairyproducts)AllbutPlurilateralAgreementaremandatoryforallWTOMembersWTOisaninternationalorganizationVotingintheorymaybeby2/3vote,butinpracticealldecisionsarebyconsensus7I
7、II.CoreGATTPrinciplesUnconditionalMostFavoredNationTreatment(Art.I)TariffBindings(limitontarifflevelsonproductbyproductbasis)(Art.II)Non-discriminationwithregardtointernaltaxesandrules,regulations,etc.(Art.III)8III.CorePrinciples,cont’d.Requirementoft
8、ransparencyfortrade-relatedlaws,regulations,rulings,etc.(Art.X)Prohibitionagainstmostquantitativerestrictions(quotas)(Art.XI)9IV.ExceptionsBalanceofpaymentsproblems(Arts.XII,XVIII)SpecialtreatmentofdevelopingnationsGeneralexceptions(Art.XX)Pro
