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1、基于模糊PID的直流力矩電機(jī)控制策略研究張淑梅1,曹洪瑞1,2*,張艷1(1.中國(guó)科學(xué)院長(zhǎng)春光學(xué)精密機(jī)械與物理研究所光電測(cè)控部,吉林,長(zhǎng)春130033;2.中國(guó)科學(xué)院大學(xué),北京100039)摘要:隨著通信技術(shù)的發(fā)展,激光通信技術(shù)逐漸成為高速大容量信息傳輸?shù)氖走x方案,伺服跟蹤控制系統(tǒng)的響應(yīng)時(shí)間和跟蹤精度直接決定了激光通信系統(tǒng)的性能,直流力矩電機(jī)以其較高的精度和較小的體積功耗等特點(diǎn),廣泛應(yīng)用于激光通信光電伺服控制系統(tǒng)中。由于實(shí)際控制過(guò)程中諸多非線性、隨機(jī)性因素的存在,常導(dǎo)致無(wú)法得到準(zhǔn)確的被控對(duì)象數(shù)學(xué)模型,加之外界的擾動(dòng)也會(huì)對(duì)被控系統(tǒng)造成嚴(yán)
2、重的影響,這種情況下使用常規(guī)的PID控制器往往不能獲得令人滿(mǎn)意的控制效果。為彌補(bǔ)常規(guī)PID控制器的不足,克服外界因素影響,保證系統(tǒng)的正常運(yùn)行。本文提出一種將模糊理論與PID控制技術(shù)相結(jié)合的控制方法。本文分析了模糊控制和常規(guī)PID控制的特點(diǎn),并對(duì)常規(guī)PID和模糊PID復(fù)合控制算法構(gòu)建雙閉環(huán)調(diào)速系統(tǒng)模型,進(jìn)行仿真分析和實(shí)際轉(zhuǎn)速控制實(shí)驗(yàn)。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示,相比于常規(guī)PID控制器,模糊PID控制器獲得的超調(diào)量降低了6%,上升時(shí)間縮短了8.6%,調(diào)節(jié)時(shí)間縮短了6.7%,并且在被控對(duì)象參數(shù)和結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生較大變化時(shí),維持電機(jī)調(diào)速系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性的能力大大加強(qiáng)。與
3、常規(guī)PID控制相比,本文提出的控制算法在動(dòng)態(tài)特性和穩(wěn)定性方面具有較明顯的優(yōu)勢(shì)。關(guān)鍵詞直流力矩電機(jī);轉(zhuǎn)速控制;PID;模糊控制中圖分類(lèi)號(hào):TP202+.1;TN510.80文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:ADCTorqueMotorBasedOnFuzzyPIDControlStrategyResearchZHANGShu-mei1,CAOHong-rui1,2*,ZHANGYan1(1.ChangchunInstituteofOptics,FineMechanicsandPhysics,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Changchun
4、130033,China;2.UniversityofChineseAcademyofSciences,Beijing100039,China)Abstract:Withthedevelopmentofcommunicationtechnology,lasercommunicationhasgraduallybecometheschemeofhighspeedandcapacityinformationconveying.DCtorquemotorshavetheadvantagesofhighprecisionandsmallvol
5、umepowerconsumptionandsoon,arewidelyusedintheservocontrolsystem.Duetothenon-linearity,randomnessfactorsintheprocessofactualcontrol,theyalwayscan'tgettheaccuratemathematicalmodelofcontrolledobjectandthedisturbancesfromoutsidemayalsocauseseriousinfluencetothecontrolledsys
6、tem,inthiscaseusingtheconventionalPIDcontrolleroftencannotgetsatisfactorycontroleffect.TomakeupfortheshortageoftheconventionalPIDcontroller,andovercometheoutsidefactors,ensurethenormaloperationofthesystem.ThispaperpresentsafuzzytheorycombinewithPIDcontroltechnologyandge
7、tsanewcontrolmethod.ThispaperanalysesthecharacteristicsoffuzzycontrolandconventionalPIDcontrol,andtheconventionalPIDandfuzzyPIDcompoundcontrolalgorithmtobuildthedoubleclosedloopspeedcontrolsystemmodel,makesimulationanalysisandactualspeedcontrolexperiment.Experimentalres
8、ultsshowthat,comparedwiththeconventionalPIDcontroller,fuzzyPIDcontrollerfortheamountofovershootwasreducedby6%,