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1、GiovanniGallavottiSTATISTICALMECHANICSShortTreatiseRoma1999.ShorttreatiseofStatisticalMechanicsGiovanniGallavottiDipartimentodiFisicaUniversitadiRomaLaSapienza00185RomaRoma1998.iADaniela,semprePrefaceThisbookistheendresultofalongstorythatstartedwithmyi
2、nvolvementasCoordinatoroftheStatisticalMechanicssectionoftheItalianEncyclo-pediaofPhysics.AnItalianeditioncollectingseveralpapersthatIwrotefortheEncyclope-diaappearedinSeptember1995,withthepermissionoftheEncyclopediaandthesponsorshipofConsiglioNazionale
3、delleRicerche(CNR-GNFM).ThepresentworkisnotatranslationoftheItalianversionbutitoverlapswithit:animportantpartofit(Ch.I,II,III,VIII)isstillbasedonthreearti-cleswrittenasentriesforthe
4、itEncicoplediadellaFisica(namely:Mec-canicaStatistica",TeoriadegliIns
5、iemi"andMotoBrowniano")whichmakeupabout29%ofthepresentbookand,furthermore,itstillcontains(withlittleeditingandupdating)myoldreviewarticleonphasetransitions(Ch.VI,publishedinLaRivistadelNuovoCimento).IntranslatingtheideasintoEnglish,Iintroducedmanyrevis
6、ionsandchangesofperspectiveaswellasnewmaterial(whilealsosuppressingsomeothermaterial).Theaimwastoprovideananalysis,intentionallyasnontechnicalasIwasabletomakeit,ofmanyfundamentalquestionsofStatisticalMechanics,abouttwocenturiesafteritsbirth.Onlyinaveryf
7、ewplaceshaveIen-teredintoreallytechnicaldetails,mainlyonsubjectsthatIshouldknowratherwellorthatIconsiderparticularlyimportant(theconvergenceoftheKirkwod-Salsburgequations,theexistenceofthethermodynamiclimit,theexactsoltutionoftheIsingmodel,andinpartthee
8、xactsolutionofthesixvertexmodels).ThepointsofviewexpressedherewerepresentedininnumerablelecturesandtalksmostlytomystudentsinRomaduringthelast25years.Theyarenotalwaysmainstreamviews"butIamcon dentthattheyarenottoofarfromtheconventionallyacceptedtruth"
9、andIdonotconsideritappropriatetolistthedi erencesfromothertreatments.Ishallconsiderthisbookasuccessifitpromptscomments(evenifdictatedbystrongdisagreementordissatisfaction)onthe(few)pointsthatmightbecontroversial.Thiswouldmeanthat
