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1、考試題型：1Blank-filling(20%每題1分)時(shí)間：20Fillinthefollowingblankswithawordwhoseiniyialletterhasbeengiven例：Linguisticsisthesystematicstudyofl________IIMultiplechoice(20%每題1分)時(shí)間：20例：Thefollowingsoundsbelongtothesamenaturalclassexcept____.A.[g]B.[p]C.[b]D.[d]IIITrueorfalsejudgement(20
2、%每題2分)時(shí)間：10Judgewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse.WriteTinthecorrespondingbracketforatruestatementandFforafalseone.例：()Phoneticsstudiesthefunctioningofthespeechsounds.IV.Giveashortanswerofnomorethan50wordstoeachofthefollowingquestions.(25%,每題5分)時(shí)間：50例：Explainthefe
3、atureofdisplacementinhumanlanguage.V.Writingapassageof100-150wordsonthefollowingtopic(15%)時(shí)間：50例：Withexamples,giveoneplausibleexplanationforlinguisticchange.Chapter1Introduction1.1Whatislinguistics?1.1.1Definition----scientificstudyoflanguage----adisciplinewhichdescribeslan
4、ginallitsrespects(e.g.itssystem,itsinternalstructure,itssocialfunctions,itsuseanditshistoricaldevelopment)andformulatestheoriesastohowitworks.1.1.2Thescopeoflinguisticspage2-3Generallinguistics:----phonetics,phonology,morphology,syntax,semantics.Pragmatics.Phonetics----thes
5、tudyofspeechsoundsofhumanlang.Phonology---thestudyofthedistinctivesoundunitsofalanguageandtheirrelations.Morphology--theinternalstructureofwords,andtheprocessesofwordformationSyntax-----thestudyoftherulesgoverningthewaywordsarecombinedtosentencesinalang.Semantics----thestud
6、yofmeaninginlanguage,includingtheanalysisofwordmeaningandsenmeaningaswell.Pragmatics-----thestudyoftheuseoflanguageincommunication,ortherelationshipbetweenlinguisticelementsandthecontextsorsituationsinwhichtheyareused.Sociolinguistics—Psycholinguistics—AppliedLinguistics1.1
7、.3SomeimportantdistinctionsinlinguisticsFerdnarddeSaussure----NoamChomsky1)Prescriptivevs.descriptive2)Synchronicvs.diachronic3)Speechandwriting4)Langueandparole5)Competenceandperformance6)TraditionalgrammarandmodernlinguisticsFeaturesofModernlinguistics----priorityisgivent
8、ospokenlanguage;----focusisonsynchronicstudyofcontemporarylanguagethaninthestudyof
